Intensive wheat production, which produces high yields through the excessive use of
chemical inputs and non-renewable energy, is unsustainable in the long term. Innovative
cultivation methods such as intercropping can address emerging challenges. This kind
of plant association offers the possibility of achieving a balanced yield with the
use of a natural nitrogen source. An experiment was conducted for three growing seasons
(2020/2021, 2021/2022, 2022/2023) with a combination of three winter wheat varieties
(GK Szilárd, Cellule, GK Csillag) and a winter pea variety (Aviron) in three sowing
densities to determine the species interaction and the economics of mixed plots. The
intercropping systems were evaluated in terms of the land equivalent ratio (LER),
aggressivity (A), competitive ratio CR), actual yield loss (AYL), monetary advantage
index (MAI), and intercropping advantage (IA). In almost all mixtures, the values
of partial A, CR, and AYL indicated that wheat was more competitive than peas due
to the overconcentration of mixtures. For MAI, the mixture Cellule/Aviron 75:50 was
more profitable than the others in the first two years. Our results draw attention
to the influence of the seeding rate, which can contribute to new directions for current
research.