@article{MTMT:34576454, title = {Hemocytin, the special aggregation factor connecting insect hemolymph immunity, a potential target of insecticidal immunosuppresant}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34576454}, author = {Hu, H. and Hu, Q. and Weng, Q. and Wang, J.}, doi = {10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105704}, journal-iso = {PESTIC BIOCHEM PHYS}, journal = {PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY}, volume = {198}, unique-id = {34576454}, issn = {0048-3575}, abstract = {Insects possess an effective innate immunity that enables them to adapt to their intricate living environment and fend off various pathogens (or parasites). This innate immunity comprises both humoral and cellular immunity, which synergistically orchestrate immune responses. Hemocytin, a lectin with a distinctive structure, plays a crucial role in insect hemolymph immunity. Hemocytin is involved in the early immune response, facilitating processes such as coagulation, nodulation, and encapsulation in the hemolymph. It prevents hemolymph overflow and microbial pathogens invasion resulting from epidermal damage, and also aids in the recognition and elimination of invaders. However, the research on hemocytin is still limited. Our previous findings demonstrated that destruxin A effectively inhibits insect hemolymph immunity by interacting with hemocytin, suggesting that hemocytin could be a potential target for insecticides development. Therefore, it is crucial to gain a deeper understanding of hemocytin. This review integrates recent advancements in the study of the structure and function of insect hemocytin and also explores the potential of hemocytin as a target for insecticides. This review aims to enhance our comprehension of insect innate immunity and provide innovative ideas for the development of environmentally friendly pesticides. © 2023 The Authors}, keywords = {Animals; COAGULATION; INSECT; HEMOCYTES; animal; innate immunity; insecticide; Insecticides; insecta; encapsulation; blood cell; Immunity, Innate; von Willebrand factor; Cell Adhesion Molecules; cell adhesion molecule; Hemolymph; Hemolymph; Hemocyte; melanization; insect innate immunity; cell aggregation factors}, year = {2024}, eissn = {1095-9939} } @article{MTMT:34305156, title = {Uncharacterized protein with amino acid deletions from Bombyx mori illustrates divergence from Bombyx mandarina hemocytin and showed modulated gene expression after infection by Nosema bombycis}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34305156}, author = {Kalyani, Dhadesugur and Varghese, Alvina and Prabhuling, Shambhavi Hungund and Makwana, Pooja and Ponnuvel, Kangayam M. and Pradeep, Appukuttan Nair R.}, doi = {10.1007/s42690-023-01080}, journal-iso = {INT J TROP INSECT SC}, journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TROPICAL INSECT SCIENCE}, unique-id = {34305156}, issn = {1742-7584}, abstract = {Genome wide gene expression analysis, transcription analysis and mass spectrometry have revealed several uncharacterized genes and proteins from commercial silkworm Bombyx mori. Infection of B. mori larvae with microsporidian Nosema bombycis induced appearance of exclusive proteins in hemocytes of B. mori showing host response. Mass spectrometry of the exclusive proteins revealed abundance of an uncharacterized protein H9JAZ8 that displayed conserved domains of Von Willebrand Factor type D domain (VWF), C8 domain, trypsin inhibitor-like cysteine rich domain and conserved epidermal growth factor like. Protein model of H9JAZ8 confirmed presence of VWF domains, cysteine rich domains and disulphide bonds. Expression of H9JAZ8 gene showed upregulation on day 2 after the infection followed by significant down regulated expression till day 10 exhibiting infection-associated modulation of the gene. BLASTP of H9JAZ8 showed 99% amino acid sequence similarity with B. mori BGIBMGA006693 demonstrating H9JAZ8 as a paralog of B. mori hemocytin. BLASTP of H9JAZ8 revealed 18 most similar hemocytin homologues from different insect species with 99% similarity for B. mandarina hemocytin. A Maximum Parsimony phylogeny tree showed three clusters where H9JAZ8 branched from the hemocytin of B. mandarina with 100% bootstrap value. Global BLAST analysis of H9JAZ8 with hemocytin of B. mandarina (XP_028038271.1) showed deletion of two regions, a 27 amino acid stretch, RRIFFSFILIYCTFNCEAGYGIPASSD at 2-28th position and a 21 amino acid stretch, DVVVISPNHHNNSSYYSYSQG at 317-338th position. Togteher, B. mori H9JAZ8 is diverged from B. mandarina hemocytin as part of speciation and immune evolution during domestication from the wild silkworm.}, keywords = {FUNCTIONAL DOMAINS; von Willebrand factor; Amino acid deletion; Cysteine rich domain; Hemocytin divergence; Immune evolution}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1742-7592} } @article{MTMT:32876388, title = {Hemocytes of the honeybee (Apis mellifera), a babylonian confusion of tongues}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/32876388}, author = {Van, Herzele C. and Nauwynck, H. and De, Graaf D.C.}, doi = {10.21825/VDT.84666}, journal-iso = {VLAAMS DIERGEN TIJDS}, journal = {VLAAMS DIERGENEESKUNDIG TIJDSCHRIFT}, volume = {91}, unique-id = {32876388}, issn = {0303-9021}, abstract = {In the last decade, alarmingly high honeybee mortality rates have been registered. This trend is problematic because honeybees play a crucial role in natural and agricultural ecosystems. These increased mortality rates have several causes with the varroa mite (Varroa destructor) as the most important cause. However, independently of its cause, the end result is the same: The honeybee s immune system fails and the whole hive dies. To improve insights into this phenomenon, thorough understanding of the immune system is of major importance. The immune system protects the honeybee and the hive against the different causes of mortality. Despite the honeybee s great importance and the substantial amount of scientific publications, research on their cellular immunity is still limited. In this article, the different hemocyte research obstacles are described, such as traumatic collection methods, lack of standardization and uncareful extrapolation (of insects and ages). Lastly, a short overview of the probable hemocyte types and functions is given. © 2022 Universiteit Gent. All rights reserved.}, keywords = {STANDARDIZATION; ARTICLE; nonhuman; immune system; human cell; cellular immunity; blood cell; cause of death; ecosystem; tongue; mite; Apis mellifera; mortality rate; Varroa destructor}, year = {2022}, eissn = {0303-9021}, pages = {3-10} } @article{MTMT:32312258, title = {Differentially expressed genes in hemocytes of red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii following lipopolysaccharide challenge}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/32312258}, author = {Liu, Qiu-Ning and Tang, Ying-Yu and Li, Yue-Tian and Zha, Xiao-Han and Yang, Ting-Ting and Zhang, Dai-Zhen and Wang, Jia-Lian and Jiang, Sen-Hao and Zhou, Chun-Lin and Tang, Bo-Ping and Dai, Li-Shang}, doi = {10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735943}, journal-iso = {AQUACULTURE}, journal = {AQUACULTURE}, volume = {533}, unique-id = {32312258}, issn = {0044-8486}, abstract = {Procambarus clarkii is an important aquatic organism in China, but its aquaculture has suffered great economic losses due to pathogen infections. To better understand the P. clarkii immune response, we used RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to examine the expression responses of its hemocyte transcriptome to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Through assembly and annotation, a total of 53,910 unigenes were identified, with an average length of 1246 bp. 589 differentially in total expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained by the injection of LPS with 310 upregulated genes and 279 downregulated genes. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis identified several immune response pathways. Additionally, a lot of DEGs to do with the Ras signaling pathway, lysosome, Rap1 signaling pathway, and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway were upregulated after LPS challenge. Results of Real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR revealed that 11 randomly selected immune response genes were upregulated after LPS stimulation compared to phosphate-buffered saline stimulation, and this result also validated the RNA-seq data. Our data further enrich the transcriptome databases of P. clarkii and provide a basis for further analysis of the immune system and defense mechanisms of P. clarkii against LPS challenge.}, keywords = {LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; immune system; Procambarus clarkii}, year = {2021}, eissn = {1873-5622} } @article{MTMT:32312257, title = {Investigating Virus-Host Interactions in Cultured Primary Honey Bee Cells}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/32312257}, author = {McMenamin, Alexander J. and Parekh, Fenali and Lawrence, Verena and Flenniken, Michelle L.}, doi = {10.3390/insects12070653}, journal-iso = {INSECTS}, journal = {INSECTS}, volume = {12}, unique-id = {32312257}, abstract = {Honey bee (Apis mellifera) health is impacted by viral infections at the colony, individual bee, and cellular levels. To investigate honey bee antiviral defense mechanisms at the cellular level we further developed the use of cultured primary cells, derived from either larvae or pupae, and demonstrated that these cells could be infected with a panel of viruses, including common honey bee infecting viruses (i.e., sacbrood virus (SBV) and deformed wing virus (DWV)) and an insect model virus, Flock House virus (FHV). Virus abundances were quantified over the course of infection. The production of infectious virions in cultured honey bee pupal cells was demonstrated by determining that naive cells became infected after the transfer of deformed wing virus or Flock House virus from infected cell cultures. Initial characterization of the honey bee antiviral immune responses at the cellular level indicated that there were virus-specific responses, which included increased expression of bee antiviral protein-1 (GenBank: MF116383) in SBV-infected pupal cells and increased expression of argonaute-2 and dicer-like in FHV-infected hemocytes and pupal cells. Additional studies are required to further elucidate virus-specific honey bee antiviral defense mechanisms. The continued use of cultured primary honey bee cells for studies that involve multiple viruses will address this knowledge gap.}, year = {2021}, eissn = {2075-4450} } @article{MTMT:31302837, title = {Identification of reference markers for characterizing honey bee (Apis mellifera) hemocyte classes}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/31302837}, author = {Gábor, Erika and Cinege, Gyöngyi Ilona and Csordás, Gábor and Rusvai, Miklós and Honti, Viktor and Kolics, Balázs and Török, Tibor and Williams, Michael J and Kurucz, Judit Éva and Andó, István}, doi = {10.1016/j.dci.2020.103701}, journal-iso = {DEV COMP IMMUNOL}, journal = {DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY}, volume = {109}, unique-id = {31302837}, issn = {0145-305X}, abstract = {Cell mediated immunity of the honey bee (Apis mellifera) involves the activity of several hemocyte populations, currently defined by morphological features and lectin binding characteristics. The objective of the present study was to identify molecular markers capable of characterizing subsets of honey bee hemocytes. We developed and employed monoclonal antibodies with restricted reactions to functionally distinct hemocyte subpopulations. Melanizing cells, known as oenocytoids, were defined by an antibody to prophenoloxidase, aggregating cells were identified by the expression of Hemolectin, and phagocytic cells were identified by a marker expressed on granulocytes. We anticipate that this combination of antibodies not only allows for the detection of functionally distinct hemocyte subtypes, but will help to further the exploration of hematopoietic compartments, as well as reveal details of the honey bee cellular immune defense against parasites and microbes.}, keywords = {Immunity; monoclonal antibody; Hemocyte; Apis mellifera; Honey bee; insect immunity}, year = {2020}, eissn = {1879-0089}, pages = {103701-103706}, orcid-numbers = {Csordás, Gábor/0000-0001-6871-6839; Török, Tibor/0000-0002-2128-1126; Andó, István/0000-0002-4648-9396} } @article{MTMT:31149578, title = {Hemocytin facilitates host immune responses against Nosema bombycis}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/31149578}, author = {Ni, W. and Bao, J. and Mo, B. and Liu, L. and Li, T. and Pan, G. and Chen, J. and Zhou, Z.}, doi = {10.1016/j.dci.2019.103495}, journal-iso = {DEV COMP IMMUNOL}, journal = {DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY}, volume = {103}, unique-id = {31149578}, issn = {0145-305X}, abstract = {Invertebrates lack an adaptive immune response and thus are reliant on their innate immune response for eliminating invading pathogens. The innate immune responses of silkworms against the pathogen Nosema bombycis include: hemocyte aggregation, melanization, antimicrobial peptides, etc. In our current study, we discovered that a silkworm hemostasis-related protein, hemocytin, is up-regulated after Nosema bombycis infection. This novel finding lead to our hypothesis that hemocytin participates in immune responses against N. bombycis. We investigated this hypothesis by analyzing the adhesive effects of hemocytin to invading N. bombycis, and the hemocytin-mediated hemocyte aggregation and hemolymph melanization. We showed that hemocytin can adhere to the surface of N. bombycis, which facilitates the agglutination of N. bombycis and hemocytes as well as the subsequent melanization. Moreover, when we utilize RNAi technology to decrease in vivo hemocytin expression, we found that the proliferation of N. bombycis within the host significantly increased. These results support our hypothesis that hemocytin exerts pro-inflammatory effects by facilitating pathogen agglutination, along with hemocyte aggregation and melanization, to combat N. bombycis. Our study is the first to determine a function of hemocytin in innate immunity against N. bombycis. Moreover, our findings are of great importance to provide potential targets for developing novel strategy against microsporidia infection. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd}, keywords = {AGGREGATION; ARTICLE; Molecular cloning; membrane protein; priority journal; innate immunity; innate immunity; controlled study; nonhuman; animal model; animal experiment; animal cell; regulatory mechanism; Western blotting; Mass spectrometry; RNA Interference; PROTEIN FUNCTION; unclassified drug; protein expression; host resistance; immune response; blood cell; protein targeting; upregulation; melanogenesis; protein aggregation; melanization; Bombyx mori; Nosema bombycis; Nosema bombycis; hemocytin; hemocytin; pebrine}, year = {2020}, eissn = {1879-0089} } @article{MTMT:31493374, title = {Hemocyte-targeted gene expression in the female malaria mosquito using the hemolectin promoter from Drosophila}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/31493374}, author = {Pondeville, Emilie and Puchot, Nicolas and Parvy, Jean-Philippe and Carissimo, Guillaume and Poidevin, Mickael and Waterhouse, Robert M. and Marois, Eric and Bourgouin, Catherine}, doi = {10.1016/j.ibmb.2020.103339}, journal-iso = {INSECT BIOCHEM MOLEC}, journal = {INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY}, volume = {120}, unique-id = {31493374}, issn = {0965-1748}, abstract = {Hemocytes, the immune cells in mosquitoes, participate in immune defenses against pathogens including malaria parasites. Mosquito hemocytes can also be infected by arthropod-borne viruses but the pro- or anti-viral nature of this interaction is unknown. Although there has been progress on hemocyte characterization during pathogen infection in mosquitoes, the specific contribution of hemocytes to immune responses and the hemocyte-specific functions of immune genes and pathways remain unresolved due to the lack of genetic tools to manipulate gene expression in these cells specifically. Here, we used the Gal4-UAS system to characterize the activity of the Drosophila hemocyte-specific hemolectin promoter in the adults of Anopheles gambiae, the malaria mosquito. We established an hml-Gal4 driver line that we further crossed to a fluorescent UAS responder line, and examined the expression pattern in the adult progeny driven by the hml promoter. We show that the hml regulatory region drives hemocyte-specific transgene expression in a subset of hemocytes, and that transgene expression is triggered after a blood meal. The hml promoter drives transgene expression in differentiating prohemocytes as well as in differentiated granulocytes. Analysis of different immune markers in hemocytes in which the hml promoter drives transgene expression revealed that this regulatory region could be used to study phagocytosis as well as melanization. Finally, the hml promoter drives transgene expression in hemocytes in which o'nyong-nyong virus replicates. Altogether, the Drosophila hml promoter constitutes a good tool to drive transgene expression in hemocyte only and to analyze the function of these cells and the genes they express during pathogen infection in Anopheles gambiae.}, keywords = {PHAGOCYTOSIS; HEMOCYTES; Immunity; Granulocytes; mosquito; Arbovirus; Anopheles; melanization; Hemolectin; Gal4-UAS system}, year = {2020}, eissn = {1879-0240}, orcid-numbers = {Carissimo, Guillaume/0000-0002-9703-9096; Bourgouin, Catherine/0000-0002-9209-845X} } @article{MTMT:30656140, title = {CgAATase with specific expression pattern can be used as a potential surface marker for oyster granulocytes}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/30656140}, author = {Dong, Miren and Song, Xiaorui and Wang, Min and Wang, Weilin and Zhang, Peng and Liu, Yu and Li, Meijia and Wang, Lingling and Song, Linsheng}, doi = {10.1016/j.fsi.2019.01.003}, journal-iso = {FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN}, journal = {FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY}, volume = {87}, unique-id = {30656140}, issn = {1050-4648}, abstract = {Granulocytes are known as the main immunocompetent hemocytes that play important roles in the immune defense of oyster Crassosrrea gigas. In the present study, an alcohol acyltransferase (designed as CgAATase) with specific expression pattern was identified from oyster C. gigas, and it could be employed as a potential marker for the isolation of oyster granulocytes. The open reading frame (ORF) of CgAATase was of 1431 bp, encoding a peptide of 476 amino acids with a typically conserved AATase domain. The mRNA transcripts of CgAATase were highest expressed in hemocytes, lower expressed in hepatopancreas, mantle, gonad, gill, ganglion, adductor muscle, and labial palp. The mRNA expression level of CgAATase in hemocytes was significantly up-regulated at 3-12 h and reached the highest level (27.40-fold compared to control group, p < 0.05) at 6 h after Vibrio splendidos stimulation. The total hemocytes were sorted as granulocytes, semi-granulocytes and agranulocytes by Percoll . density gradient centrifugation. CgAATase transcripts were dominantly observed in granulocytes, which was 8.26-fold (p < 0.05) and 2.80-fold (p < 0.05) of that in agranulocytes and semi-granulocytes, respectively. The monoclonal antibody against CgAATase was produced and employed for the isolation of granulocytes with the immunomagnetic bead. CgAATase protein was mainly detected on the cytomembrane of granulocytes. About 85.7 +/- 4.60% of the granulocytes were positive for CgAATase and they could be successfully separated by flow cytometry with immunomagnetic bead coated with anti-CgAATase monoclonal antibody, and 97.7 +/- 1.01% of the rest hemocytes (agranulocytes and semi-granulocytes) were negative for CgAATase. The isolated primary granulocytes could maintain cell activity for more than one week in vitro culture that exhibited numerous filopodia. These results collectively suggested that CgAATase was a potential marker of oyster granulocytes, and the granulocytes could be effectively isolated from total circulating hemocytes by immunomagnetic bead coated with the anti-CgAATase monoclonal antibody.}, keywords = {monoclonal antibody; Granulocytes; Crassostrea gigas; alcohol acyltransferase; Surface marker; Immunomagnetic bead}, year = {2019}, eissn = {1095-9947}, pages = {96-104} } @article{MTMT:31149579, title = {Towards precision nutrition: A novel concept linking phytochemicals, immune response and honey bee health}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/31149579}, author = {Negri, P. and Villalobos, E. and Szawarski, N. and Damiani, N. and Gende, L. and Garrido, M. and Maggi, M. and Quintana, S. and Lamattina, L. and Eguaras, M.}, doi = {10.3390/insects10110401}, journal-iso = {INSECTS}, journal = {INSECTS}, volume = {10}, unique-id = {31149579}, abstract = {The high annual losses of managed honey bees (Apis mellifera) has attracted intensive attention, and scientists have dedicated much effort trying to identify the stresses affecting bees. There are, however, no simple answers; rather, research suggests multifactorial effects. Several works have been reported highlighting the relationship between bees’ immunosuppression and the effects of malnutrition, parasites, pathogens, agrochemical and beekeeping pesticides exposure, forage dearth and cold stress. Here we analyze a possible connection between immunity-related signaling pathways that could be involved in the response to the stress resulted from Varroa-virus association and cold stress during winter. The analysis was made understanding the honey bee as a superorganism, where individuals are integrated and interacting within the colony, going from social to individual immune responses. We propose the term “Precision Nutrition” as a way to think and study bees’ nutrition in the search for key molecules which would be able to strengthen colonies’ responses to any or all of those stresses combined. © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.}, keywords = {SIGNALING PATHWAYS; Immunity; NUTRITION; cold stress; Apis mellifera; varroa}, year = {2019}, eissn = {2075-4450} } @article{MTMT:30510577, title = {A comparative global proteomic analysis of the hematopoietic lineages in the crustacean Pacifastacus leniusculus}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/30510577}, author = {Soderhall, Irene and Junkunlo, Kingkamon}, doi = {10.1016/j.dci.2018.11.016}, journal-iso = {DEV COMP IMMUNOL}, journal = {DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY}, volume = {92}, unique-id = {30510577}, issn = {0145-305X}, abstract = {In crustaceans as in other arthropods, the circulating hemocytes are vital for protecting the animal against attacking microorganisms. As many hemocytes are destroyed early during an infection, new hemocytes must fast get in place to prevent disperse of a pathogenic microbe, In order to understand the hematopoietic process in more detail we here report a complete proteomic analysis from purified cell types from the APC of the hematopoietic tissue, via the remaining parts of the HPT to the mature semigranular and granular hemocytes. Several possible cell type specific proteins are detected and new putative biomarkers within the crayfish hematopoietic lineage that can be used to increase the understanding of how the differentiation process is regulated is described.}, keywords = {innate immunity; Crustacea; invertebrate; biomarker; proteome; Hematopoiesis}, year = {2019}, eissn = {1879-0089}, pages = {170-178} }