@article{MTMT:34515264, title = {Evaluation of the accuracy of direct intraoral scanner impressions for digital post and core in various post lengths: An in-vitro study}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34515264}, author = {Almalki, A. and Conejo, J. and Kutkut, N. and Blatz, M. and Hai, Q. and Anadioti, E.}, doi = {10.1111/jerd.13159}, journal-iso = {J ESTHET RESTOR DENT}, journal = {JOURNAL OF ESTHETIC AND RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY}, volume = {36}, unique-id = {34515264}, issn = {1496-4155}, abstract = {Statement of Problem: Despite the growing utilization of direct intraoral scanners (IOSs) in dentistry, there is a scarcity of research investigating their accuracy, specifically in post and core. Few studies have conducted comprehensive three-dimensional assessments and comparisons of IOSs with the conventional impression technique, particularly in different post space lengths. Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to digitally assess the accuracy of direct intraoral scanner (IOS) impressions for different post space lengths, specifically 6, 8, and 10 mm. Materials and Methods: A total of 45 typodont teeth (maxillary central incisors) were selected for this study. The teeth underwent endodontic treatment and were divided into three subgroups, each with 15 teeth, based on the desired post space lengths: 6, 8, and 10 mm. Intraoral scans of all specimens were acquired directly using the CEREC Primescan intraoral scanners by two trained examiners. The obtained scan data were compared with conventional impressions obtained using light and heavy bodies of polyvinyl siloxane (PVS). As a control, the conventional impressions were subsequently scanned using an inEos X5a lab scanner. The accuracy of the digital scans was evaluated in the coronal, middle, and apical thirds using the Geomagic Control X software. Statistical analysis was performed using Bonferroni Post-hoc and One-way ANOVA tests to analyze the data. Results: The overall mean root mean square (RMS) deviations for the different post lengths across the three thirds groups were 58, 81, and 101 μm for the 6, 8, and 10 mm subgroups, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in the accuracy of the coronal and middle thirds among all subgroups (p > 0.5). However, in the apical third, the 10 mm subgroup exhibited a significantly lower accuracy (163 μm) compared to the 6 mm (96 μm) and 8 mm (131 μm) subgroups (p < 0.05). These results suggest that while the accuracy of intraoral scans using direct IOS impressions was consistent in the coronal and middle thirds regardless of the post length, there was a noticeable decrease in accuracy in the apical third, particularly with longer post lengths. Conclusion: Considering the limitations of this in vitro study, chairside direct IOS impressions offer a viable and clinically acceptable alternative to the conventional impression technique for post space lengths of 6 and 8 mm. However, as the post space length preparation increases, the accuracy of IOS decreases. Clinical Significance: The Chairside direct IOS enables expedited and efficient digital impression capture within the root canal, ensuring acceptable accuracy for intracanal post length preparation of up to 8 mm. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.}, keywords = {CAD/CAM; Prosthodontics; intraoral scanner; Digital dentistry; post and core}, year = {2024}, eissn = {1708-8240}, pages = {673-679} } @article{MTMT:34515254, title = {Tooth morphology, internal fit, occlusion and proximal contacts of dental crowns designed by deep learning-based dental software: A comparative study}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34515254}, author = {Cho, J.-H. and Çakmak, G. and Yi, Y. and Yoon, H.-I. and Yilmaz, B. and Schimmel, M.}, doi = {10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104830}, journal-iso = {J DENTISTRY}, journal = {JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY}, volume = {141}, unique-id = {34515254}, issn = {0300-5712}, abstract = {Objectives: This study compared the tooth morphology, internal fit, occlusion, and proximal contacts of dental crowns automatically generated via two deep learning (DL)-based dental software systems with those manually designed by an experienced dental technician using conventional software. Methods: Thirty partial arch scans of prepared posterior teeth were used. The crowns were designed using two DL-based methods (AA and AD) and a technician-based method (NC). The crown design outcomes were three-dimensionally compared, focusing on tooth morphology, internal fit, occlusion, and proximal contacts, by calculating the geometric relationship. Statistical analysis utilized the independent t-test, Mann–Whitney test, one-way ANOVA, and Kruskal–Wallis test with post hoc pairwise comparisons (α = 0.05). Results: The AA and AD groups, with the NC group as a reference, exhibited no significant tooth morphology discrepancies across entire external or occlusal surfaces. The AD group exhibited higher root mean square and positive average values on the axial surface (P <.05). The AD and NC groups exhibited a better internal fit than the AA group (P <.001). The cusp angles were similar across all groups (P =.065). The NC group yielded more occlusal contact points than the AD group (P =.006). Occlusal and proximal contact intensities varied among the groups (both P <.001). Conclusions: Crowns designed by using both DL-based software programs exhibited similar morphologies on the occlusal and axial surfaces; however, they differed in internal fit, occlusion, and proximal contacts. Their overall performance was clinically comparable to that of the technician-based method in terms of the internal fit and number of occlusal contact points. Clinical significance: DL-based dental software for crown design can streamline the digital workflow in restorative dentistry, ensuring clinically-acceptable outcomes on tooth morphology, internal fit, occlusion, and proximal contacts. It can minimize the necessity of additional design optimization by dental technician. © 2023}, keywords = {OCCLUSION; Computer aided design; Deep learning; Tooth morphology; INTERNAL FIT; Proximal contacts}, year = {2024}, eissn = {1879-176X} } @article{MTMT:34515255, title = {Characterization of dental prosthesis based on nano-fluorapatite glass-ceramic fabricated by shell sintering technology}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34515255}, author = {Côcco, L.C. and Nuernberg, G.G.V. and Cunico, M.W.M.}, doi = {10.1016/j.jmapro.2023.12.047}, journal-iso = {J MANUFACT PROCES}, journal = {JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING PROCESSES}, volume = {109}, unique-id = {34515255}, issn = {1526-6125}, abstract = {The CAD/CAM technology has played a significant influence in the growth of the dental prosthesis business in recent years. Nonetheless, due to a lack of competitive technologies that support dental application materials such as all-ceramic and porcelain material, additive manufacturing technologies have a weak penetration in this field of application. As a result, the primary purpose of this work is to characterise dental prostheses made of nano-fluorapatite glass-ceramic (NFGC) and fabricated by Shell Sintering Technology (SST). The main and secondary effects of manufacturing parameters on geometry accuracy, material strength, were demonstrated using a multivariable method. The study demonstrated that the proposed method is suitable for fabricating dental prostheses, with the optimal sintering parameters being 700 °C and 30 min holding time. Furthermore, the flexural strength of materials was found to range between 55 and 65 MPa, with shrinkage ranging between 10 and 14 %. © 2023}, keywords = {FABRICATION; design of experiments; design of experiments; Computer aided design; Dental prostheses; Filling; Strength of materials; Sintering; Glass ceramics; Dental crowns; All-ceramic; Glass-ceramics; advanced manufacturing; advanced manufacturing; Porcelain; Manufacturing parameters; Dental applications; Additive manufacturing technology; Dental Crown; Nano-fluorapatite glass-ceramics; Shell sintering technology; Shell sintering technology; Fluorapatites; Nano-fluorapatite glass-ceramic}, year = {2024}, eissn = {2212-4616}, pages = {501-511} } @article{MTMT:34515265, title = {Mechanical characteristics of zirconia produced additively by 3D printing in dentistry - A systematic review with meta-analysis of novel reports}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34515265}, author = {Frąckiewicz, W. and Szymlet, P. and Jedliński, M. and Światłowska-Bajzert, M. and Sobolewska, E.}, doi = {10.1016/j.dental.2023.10.020}, journal-iso = {DENT MATER}, journal = {DENTAL MATERIALS}, volume = {40}, unique-id = {34515265}, issn = {0109-5641}, abstract = {Objectives: This study was aimed at comparing the mechanical parameters of ceramics made using the addition and subtraction technique. Methods: A search was performed on four search engines on 5th April 2023. Quality assessment was performed using study type-specific scales. Where possible, a meta-analysis was performed. Sources: Data were extracted from four search engines: PubMed, PubMed Central, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus. Study selection: The search strategy identified 686 potential articles. 19 papers were subject to qualitative analysis, and data from 11 papers were meta-analysed. The included studies were of high or medium quality. All included papers were in-vitro studies. No clinical trials were found in the literature. Significance: Ceramics made in the additive technology in terms of mechanical parameters can compete with ceramics made in the milling technology. There are no clinical studies yet that would indicate the use of this type of material for permanent restorations in patients. Studies presented in the literature vary greatly in terms of study design and reporting of results. The research did not receive external funding. © 2023 The Authors}, keywords = {Humans; human; Meta-analysis; ADDITIVES; meta analysis; CERAMICS; CERAMICS; dentistry; dentistry; Zirconium; Zirconium; Zirconium; Zirconium; three-dimensional; Search engines; Zirconia; 3D; 3D; zirconium oxide; 3-D printing; 3D printing; 3D printing; three dimensional printing; Printing, Three-Dimensional; 3D-printing; Additive-manufacturing; 3DCeram; 3DCeram; XJet; XJet; 3dzno2 mix; 3dzno2 mix; Lithacon; Lithacon; Lithoz; Lithoz; Zirconium paste; Zirconium paste}, year = {2024}, eissn = {1879-0097}, pages = {124-138} } @article{MTMT:34515263, title = {Evaluation of photopolymer resins for dental prosthetics fabricated via the stereolithography process at different polymerization temperatures. Part II: Dimensional accuracy and fracture load of fixed dental prostheses}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34515263}, author = {Lee, J.-M. and Son, K. and Lee, K.-B.}, doi = {10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.10.024}, journal-iso = {J PROSTHET DENT}, journal = {JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY}, volume = {131}, unique-id = {34515263}, issn = {0022-3913}, abstract = {Statement of problem: Prostheses printed on a 3-dimensional (3D) printer need to undergo the postpolymerization process, which can increase the working time. However, it has been not suggested for reducing workload and improving the properties of prostheses in dental clinical practice. Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate how the printing temperature impacts the dimensional accuracy and fracture load of 3D printed fixed dental prostheses (FDPs). Material and methods: Dental prostheses were printed at room temperature (RT), 50 °C, and 70 °C using a stereolithography 3D printer. Subsequently, after rinsing away residual monomer, the printed parts underwent the green condition (it was not subjected to any postprocessing) and postpolymerization. The mechanical properties of the printed FDPs were determined by loading to fracture (n=6). To evaluate their clinical applicability, the dimensional accuracy and fit of FDPs fabricated at various resin polymerization temperatures were measured (n=6). The 1-way analysis of variance was used to perform statistical comparisons, followed by the Tukey honestly significant difference test (α=.05). Results: The specimens printed at RT and 50 °C were better than those printed at 70 °C in terms of dimensional accuracy and fit (P<.05). Nonetheless, the dimensional accuracy and fit of the specimens printed at 70 °C were clinically acceptable. The fracture load of the 3-unit FDPs depended significantly on the printing temperature. Conclusions: The dimensional accuracy and fracture load of the 70 °C group were acceptable for FDP fabrication. Thus, the temperature of 70 °C without postprocessing may help make the procedure more efficient. © 2023 Editorial Council for The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry}, year = {2024}, eissn = {1097-6841}, pages = {330.e1-330.e9} } @article{MTMT:34494215, title = {Trueness, precision, time-efficiency and cost analysis of chairside additive and subtractive versus lab-based workflows for manufacturing single crowns: An in vitro study}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34494215}, author = {Mangano, F.G. and Cianci, D. and Pranno, N. and Lerner, H. and Zarone, F. and Admakin, O.}, doi = {10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104792}, journal-iso = {J DENTISTRY}, journal = {JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY}, volume = {141}, unique-id = {34494215}, issn = {0300-5712}, year = {2024}, eissn = {1879-176X} } @article{MTMT:34515256, title = {Effect of firing time and wall thickness on the biaxial flexural strength of 3D-printed zirconia}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34515256}, author = {Rues, S. and Herpel, C. and Ilani, A. and Schmitt, C. and Rammelsberg, P. and Schwindling, F.S.}, doi = {10.1016/j.dental.2023.12.018}, journal-iso = {DENT MATER}, journal = {DENTAL MATERIALS}, volume = {40}, unique-id = {34515256}, issn = {0109-5641}, abstract = {Objectives: To evaluate the effect of accelerated firing on 3D-printed zirconia. Methods: To check if formulae provided by ISO 6872 can be extended to thin samples, finite element analyses were carried out in advance of fabricating 3-mol% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal discs by milling and by 3D-printing. Four groups (n = 38 each) of 3D-printed specimens were produced with two nominal thicknesses (0.6 mm and 1.2 mm) and two firing strategies (long: 51 h, accelerated: 14.5 h). In the milled group (thickness 1.2 mm, n = 30), a standard firing program (9.8 h) was selected. Biaxial flexural strength tests were applied and mean strength, characteristic strength, and Weibull modulus were calculated for each group. Differences were analyzed using Welch ANOVA and Dunnett-T3 post-hoc tests. Results: Maximum tensile stresses occurring during biaxial strength testing can be calculated according to ISO 6872 for thin samples with b > 0.3 mm. Variability of measured strengths values was smaller for milled zirconia compared with 3D-printed zirconia. The 1.2-mm-thick 3D-printed samples had significantly decreased strength after accelerated firing than after long firing. However, for the 0.6-mm-thick samples, comparable mean biaxial strength values of about 1000 MPa were measured for both firing protocols. Significance: At the moment, long fabrication time for zirconia restorations is a major drawback of 3D-printing when compared with milling technology. This investigation showed that the strength of 0.6-mm-thick zirconia discs fabricated by 3D-printing was not impaired by accelerated firing. Thus, overnight firing of thin-walled 3D-printed zirconia restorations could be possible. © 2023}, keywords = {RESTORATION; FABRICATION; Milling (machining); Tensile testing; Sintering; Sintering; Zirconia; Zirconia; Bending strength; wall thickness; wall thickness; Strength values; 3-D printing; 3D printing; Thin walled structures; yttrium oxide; 3D-printing; 3D-printing; Four-group; Biaxial strength; Finite element analyse; Biaxial flexural strengths; Yttria stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals; biaxial flexural strength; Firing time}, year = {2024}, eissn = {1879-0097}, pages = {484-492} } @article{MTMT:34358363, title = {Fracture Resistance Comparative Analysis of Milled-Derived vs. 3D-Printed CAD/CAM Materials for Single-Unit Restorations}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34358363}, author = {Abad-Coronel, Cristian and Bravo, Manuel and Tello, Salome and Cornejo, Emilia and Paredes, Yirelly and Paltan, Cesar A. and Fajardo, Jorge I.}, doi = {10.3390/polym15183773}, journal-iso = {POLYMERS-BASEL}, journal = {POLYMERS}, volume = {15}, unique-id = {34358363}, abstract = {The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the fracture resistance of a single-unit fixed prosthesis, using a CAD/CAM PMMA material and two printed materials (3DPPa and 3DPPb). A typodont with a specific preparation for a full crown was used; a digital impression was made with a state-of-the-art scanner (PrimeScan (TM), Dentsply-Sirona (TM), New York, NY, USA), and a full coverage restoration was designed using a biogeneric design proposal by means of specific software (InLAB 22.1, Dentsply-Sirona, NY, USA). Sixty crowns were prepared, divided into three groups according to the material: 3DPPa (n = 20), 3DPPb (n = 20), both 3D-printed from the .STL file with a resolution of 50 mu m, and PMMA (n = 20) milled-derived, which were subjected to a thermocycling process. A universal testing machine (Universal/Tensile Testing Machine, Autograph AGS-X Series) with integrated software (TRAPEZIUM LITE X) equipped with a 20 kN load cell was used to determine the fracture resistance. Significant differences were found by Kruskal-Wallis test and multiple comparisons (p < 0.05) in fracture resistance between materials. The fracture resistance for the PMMA material was higher, and the standard deviation was lower (x = 1427.9; sd = 36.9 N) compared to the 3DPPa (x = 1231; sd = 380.1 N) and 3DPPb (x = 1029.9; sd = 166.46 N) prints. The restorations from the milled-derived group showed higher average fracture resistance than the provisional restorations obtained from the printed groups. However, the results demonstrated that all three materials analyzed in single-unit restorations are capable of withstanding the average masticatory forces.}, keywords = {PMMA; Fracture resistance; 3D-printing; CAD/CAM materials; interim restorations}, year = {2023}, eissn = {2073-4360} } @article{MTMT:33920240, title = {Trueness and precision of milled and 3D printed root-analogue implants: A comparative in vitro study}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33920240}, author = {Aldesoki, M. and Keilig, L. and Dörsam, I. and Evers-Dietze, B. and Elshazly, T.M. and Bourauel, C.}, doi = {10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104425}, journal-iso = {J DENTISTRY}, journal = {JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY}, volume = {130}, unique-id = {33920240}, issn = {0300-5712}, abstract = {Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the accuracy (trueness and precision) of titanium and zirconia multi-rooted root analogue implants (RAIs) manufactured by milling and 3D-printing. Methods: A multi-rooted RAI was designed based on a mandibular second molar segmented from cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The manufactured RAIs were divided into four groups: 3D-printed titanium (PT) and 3D-printed zirconia (PZ) (n=10 each), as well as milled titanium (MT) and milled zirconia (MZ) (n=5 each). The specimens were scanned with a high-precision scanner, and the scanned data were imported into 3D-measurement software to evaluate the precision and trueness of each group. Root mean square (RMS) deviations were measured and statistically analysed (One-way ANOVA, Tukey's, p≤0.05). Results: PZ showed the highest precision with RMS value of 21±6 µm. Nevertheless, there was no statistically significant difference in precision among the other groups. Regarding trueness, MZ showed the highest trueness with RMS value of 66±3 µm, whereas MT showed the lowest trueness result. Inspection sections showed that MT had significantly high RMS deviation in the furcation area (612±64 µm), whereas PZ showed significantly high RMS deviation at the apical area (197±17 µm). Conclusions: The manufacturing process significantly influenced the RAI accuracy. PZ exhibited the highest precision, whereas MZ exhibited the highest trueness, followed by PT. Finally, our results suggest that 3D-printing can reproduce concave surfaces and less accessible areas better than milling. Clinical Significance: Milled and 3D-printed RAIs showed promising results in terms of precision and trueness. However, further clinical research is needed to advocate their use as immediate implants. Additionally, the inherent volumetric changes of the various materials during manufacturing should be considered. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd}, keywords = {PRECISION; accuracy; TITANIUM; TITANIUM; Zirconium; Zirconium; Computer aided design; Milling; Computer-Aided Design; zirconium oxide; 3D printing; three dimensional printing; Trueness; Printing, Three-Dimensional; Root analogue implant (RAI)}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1879-176X} } @article{MTMT:33920237, title = {Recent Advances on 3D-Printed Zirconia-Based Dental Materials: A Review}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33920237}, author = {Branco, A.C. and Colaço, R. and Figueiredo-Pina, C.G. and Serro, A.P.}, doi = {10.3390/ma16051860}, journal-iso = {MATERIALS}, journal = {MATERIALS}, volume = {16}, unique-id = {33920237}, abstract = {Zirconia-based materials are widely used in dentistry due to their biocompatibility and suitable mechanical and tribological behavior. Although commonly processed by subtractive manufacturing (SM), alternative techniques are being explored to reduce material waste, energy consumption and production time. 3D printing has received increasing interest for this purpose. This systematic review intends to gather information on the state of the art of additive manufacturing (AM) of zirconia-based materials for dental applications. As far as the authors know, this is the first time that a comparative analysis of these materials’ properties has been performed. It was performed following the PRISMA guidelines and using PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases to select studies that met the defined criteria without restrictions on publication year. Stereolithography (SLA) and digital light processing (DLP) were the techniques most focused on in the literature and the ones that led to most promising outcomes. However, other techniques, such as robocasting (RC) and material jetting (MJ), have also led to good results. In all cases, the main concerns are centered on dimensional accuracy, resolution, and insufficient mechanical strength of the pieces. Despite the struggles inherent to the different 3D printing techniques, the commitment to adapt materials, procedures and workflows to these digital technologies is remarkable. Overall, the research on this topic can be seen as a disruptive technological progress with a wide range of application possibilities. © 2023 by the authors.}, keywords = {ADDITIVES; systematic review; biocompatibility; Dental Materials; Dental Materials; Ceramic materials; Tribology; Energy utilization; Zirconia; Zirconia; Tribological behaviour; Mechanical behavior; 3-D printing; 3D printing; 3D printing; Additive manufacturing; 3D-printing; Dental applications; Dental applications; Production time; Waste energy; Energy consumption and production; Material wastes}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1996-1944} } @article{MTMT:33892932, title = {Effect of number of supports and build angle on the fabrication and internal fit accuracy of additively manufactured definitive resin-ceramic hybrid crowns}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33892932}, author = {Çakmak, G. and Agovic, D. and Donmez, M.B. and Kahveci, Ç. and de, Paula M.S. and Schimmel, M. and Yilmaz, B.}, doi = {10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104548}, journal-iso = {J DENTISTRY}, journal = {JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY}, volume = {134}, unique-id = {33892932}, issn = {0300-5712}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1879-176X} } @article{MTMT:34515259, title = {In Vitro Comparison of Internal and Marginal Adaptation between Printed and Milled Onlays}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34515259}, author = {Cantó-Navés, O. and Michels, K. and Figueras-Alvarez, O. and Fernández-Villar, S. and Cabratosa-Termes, J. and Roig, M.}, doi = {10.3390/ma16216962}, journal-iso = {MATERIALS}, journal = {MATERIALS}, volume = {16}, unique-id = {34515259}, abstract = {Statement of problem: Nowadays, milling is still the gold standard for fabricating indirect restorations, but to overcome its disadvantages, there are alternatives, such as 3D printing. Purpose: This study aimed to compare the gaps between the prepared tooth and milled and printed onlays fabricated with the same CAD design. It also aimed to determine the gap reproducibility across onlays fabricated by 3D printing and milling. Methods: A resin tooth was prepared for an onlay. After scanning the preparation, an onlay was designed with proprietary dental software. Next, 22 onlays were milled in a graphene-reinforced PMMA disc (Group 1), and 22 onlays were 3D-printed with a hybrid composite material (Group 2). After that, all fabricated restorations were scanned and superimposed on the scanned prepared resin tooth. Subsequently, a specific software was used to measure the margin, central, and intaglio-located gap between the milled or printed restoration and the preparation. Finally, measurements were compared with a multifactor analysis of variance. Results: The results demonstrated that printed onlays (Group 2) adapted better to the prepared tooth than the milled ones (Group 1) (p < 0.05). The comparison of standard deviations showed the better gap reproducibility of printed onlays (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study concluded that the printed onlays adapted significantly better to the prepared tooth than the milled onlays. Printed onlays also showed significantly better gap reproducibility. © 2023 by the authors.}, keywords = {IN-VITRO; RESTORATION; FABRICATION; Graphene; Graphene; Milling (machining); resin; Computer aided design; Resins; Gold standards; Reproducibilities; 3-D printing; 3D printing; 3D-printing; Marginal adaptation; indirect restoration; indirect restoration; 3D-printed onlays; milled onlays; 3d-printed onlay; CAD designs; Milled onlay}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1996-1944} } @article{MTMT:34177128, title = {Trueness and precision of mandibular complete-arch implant scans when different data acquisition methods are used}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34177128}, author = {Demirel, M. and Donmez, M.B. and Şahmalı, S.M.}, doi = {10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104700}, journal-iso = {J DENTISTRY}, journal = {JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY}, volume = {138}, unique-id = {34177128}, issn = {0300-5712}, abstract = {Objectives: To evaluate the effect of different data acquisition methods on the trueness and precision of mandibular complete-arch implant scans. Methods: An edentulous polyurethane master mandibular model with 6 implants was digitized by using an industrial-grade blue light scanner (ATOS Core 80 5MP) to obtain a master standard tessellation language (MSTL) file. The master model was also digitized by using either direct digital workflow with a stereoscopic camera (iCam 4D (IM)) or intraoral scanners (CEREC Primescan (PS) and Trios 4 (T4)) or indirect digital workflow with laboratory scanners (inEos X5 (X5) and CARES 7 (S7)) to obtain test-scan STLs (n = 10). All STL files were imported into a metrology-grade analysis software (Geomagic Control X 2020.1) and test-scan STLs were superimposed over MSTL. The root mean square method was used to calculate surface deviations, while angular deviations were also calculated. Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn's tests were used to evaluate measured deviations (surface and angular) for trueness and precision (α = 0.05). Results: X5 and S7 had the lowest, and IM had the highest surface deviations (P ≤ .036). The angular deviations of PS were lower than those of X5, S7, and IM (P ≤ .008). When surface deviations were considered, T4 had the lowest precision among tested scanners (P ≤ .002), and the scans of IM had higher precision than those of PS (P = .003). Scanner type did not affect the precision of the scans when angular deviations were considered (P = .084). Conclusions: The data acquisition method affected the trueness (surface and angular deviations) and precision (surface deviations) of mandibular complete-arch implant scans. Clinical significance: Tested data acquisition methods may be feasible to digitize mandibular complete-arch implants considering the deviations of the scans, which were in the range of previously reported thresholds, and the high precision of scans. However, the frameworks fabricated with the direct digital workflow that involves the scans of the stereoscopic camera might require more adjustments than those fabricated by using the scans of other tested scanners. © 2023 The Authors}, keywords = {accuracy; implant; Digital workflow; Complete-arch; Stereoscopic camera}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1879-176X} } @article{MTMT:34179498, title = {Clinical Effectiveness of 3D-Milled and 3D-Printed Zirconia Prosthesis—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34179498}, author = {Dewan, H.}, doi = {10.3390/biomimetics8050394}, journal-iso = {BIOMIMETICS}, journal = {BIOMIMETICS}, volume = {8}, unique-id = {34179498}, issn = {2313-7673}, abstract = {Background: Additive manufacturing (three-dimensional (3D) printing) has become a leading manufacturing technique in dentistry due to its various advantages. However, its potential applications for dental ceramics are still being explored. Zirconia, among ceramics, has increasing popularity and applications in dentistry mostly due to its excellent properties. Although subtractive manufacturing (3D milling) is considered the most advanced technology for the fabrication of zirconia restorations, certain disadvantages are associated with it. Methods: A systematic review was piloted to compare the clinical performance of zirconium crowns that were fabricated using three-dimensional (3D) milling and 3D printing. A meta-analysis was performed, and studies published up to November 2022 were identified. The terms searched were “Zirconium crowns”, “3D printing”, “CAD/CAM” (Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Aided Manufacturing), “Milling”, “dental crowns”, and “3D milling”. The characteristics that were compared were the year in which the study was published, study design, age of the patient, country, the number of crowns, the type of crown fabrication, marginal integrity, caries status, and outcomes. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used to structure this systematic review. Out of eleven hundred and fifty titles identified after a primary search, nine articles were included in the quantitative analysis. The research question based on PICO/PECO (Participant, Intervention/exposure, Comparison, and Outcome) was “Do 3D-printed and milled (P) zirconia crowns and FDPs (I) have a better survival rate (O) when conventional prosthesis is also an option (C)”? The data collected were tabulated and compared, and the risk of bias and meta-analysis were later performed. Only nine articles (clinical research) were selected for the study. Since there were no clinical studies on the 3D printing of zirconium crowns, six in vitro studies were considered for the comparison. Zirconium crowns in the milling group had an average minimum follow-up of 6 months. Results: A moderate risk of bias was found, and survival was significant. A high heterogeneity level was noted among the studies. Marginal integrity, periodontal status, and survival rate were high. Linear regression depicted no statistical correlation between the type of cement used and the survival rate. Conclusions: It can be concluded that the milled crowns had a higher performance and satisfactory clinical survival. © 2023 by the author.}, keywords = {Milling; 3D printing; Trueness; Monolithic zirconia crowns; clinical precision}, year = {2023}, eissn = {2313-7673} } @article{MTMT:33920239, title = {Effect of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing technique on the accuracy of fixed partial denture patterns used for casting or pressing}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33920239}, author = {Donmez, M.B. and Yilmaz, B. and Yoon, H.-I. and Kahveci, Ç. and Schimmel, M. and Çakmak, G.}, doi = {10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104434}, journal-iso = {J DENTISTRY}, journal = {JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY}, volume = {130}, unique-id = {33920239}, issn = {0300-5712}, abstract = {Objectives: To evaluate the effect of additive and subtractive manufacturing on the accuracy (trueness and precision) of fixed partial denture patterns (FPDPs) used for casting or pressing. Materials and Methods: A 3-unit complete coverage FPD on mandibular right first premolar and first molar teeth was virtually designed. Using the design data, FPD patterns were fabricated from an additively manufactured resin (PR, ProArt Print Wax) and 2 CAD-CAM wax discs (YW, ProArt CAD Wax Yellow and BW, ProArt CAD Wax Blue) (n = 10). Each pattern was then digitized with a scanner (CEREC Primescan) and evaluated for 3D surface deviation at 4 different surfaces (overall, external, marginal, and intaglio surfaces) by using a 3D analysis software (Medit Link). Root mean square (RMS) values were automatically calculated. Data were analyzed by using Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's post hoc tests for trueness and precision (α= 0.05). Results: Significant differences were found among the RMS values for overall (P<.001) and each surface (P≤.040) evaluated. PR had the highest overall (P≤.011) and intaglio surface (P≤.01) deviations, while the difference between YW and BW was not significant (P≥.199). PR had the highest (P≤.027) and BW had the lowest (P≤.042) external surface mean RMS values. BW had higher mean marginal RMS value than YW (P=.047). For precision, significant differences were observed among test groups only for marginal RMS values (P=.002). PR had lower precision than BW (P=.002). Conclusions: BW and YW FPDPs mostly had higher trueness compared with PR FPDPs. However, considering relatively smaller deviations at marginal and intaglio surfaces and the fact that patterns mostly had similar precision, clinical fit of FPDs fabricated by using tested patterns may be similar. Clinical Significance: Definitive 3-unit fixed partial dentures fabricated by using tested patterns may be similar. However, FPDs fabricated with tested additively manufactured resin patterns might result in more chairside adjustments than those fabricated with tested subtractively manufactured wax patterns. © 2023 The Author(s)}, keywords = {Molar; molar tooth; Denture, Partial, Fixed; Computer aided design; Milling; Computer-Aided Design; Trueness; 3D-printing; fixed partial denture; fixed partial denture; Resin pattern}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1879-176X} } @article{MTMT:33718233, title = {Scan accuracy and time efficiency of different implant-supported fixed partial denture situations depending on the intraoral scanner and scanned area: An in vitro study}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33718233}, author = {Donmez, M.B. and Mathey, A. and Gäumann, F. and Mathey, A. and Yilmaz, B. and Abou-Ayash, S.}, doi = {10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.01.029}, journal-iso = {J PROSTHET DENT}, journal = {JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY}, unique-id = {33718233}, issn = {0022-3913}, abstract = {Statement of problem: The type of intraoral scanner (IOS), region of the implant, and extent of the scanned area have been reported to affect scan accuracy. However, knowledge of the accuracy of IOSs is scarce when digitizing different partially edentulous situations either with complete- or partial-arch scans. Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the scan accuracy and time efficiency of complete- and partial-arch scans of different partially edentulous situations with 2 implants and 2 different IOSs. Material and methods: Three maxillary models with implant spaces at the lateral incisor sites (anterior 4-unit), right first premolar and right first molar sites (posterior 3-unit), or right canine and right first molar sites (posterior 4-unit) were fabricated. After placing implants (Straumann S RN) and scan bodies (CARES Mono Scanbody), models were digitized by using an optical scanner (ATOS Capsule 200MV120) to generate reference standard tessellation language (STL) files. Complete- or partial-arch scans (test scans) of each model were then performed by using 2 IOSs (Primescan [PS] and TRIOS 3 [T3]) (n=14). The duration of the scans and the time needed to postprocess the STL file until the design could be started were also recorded. A metrology-grade analysis software program (GOM Inspect 2018) was used to superimpose test scan STLs over the reference STL to calculate 3D distance, interimplant distance, and angular (mesiodistal and buccopalatal) deviations. Nonparametric 2-way analysis of variance followed by Mann-Whitney tests with Holm correction were used for trueness, precision, and time efficiency analyses (α=.05). Results: The interaction between IOSs and scanned area only affected the precision of the scans when angular deviation data were considered (P≤.002). Trueness of the scans was affected by IOSs when 3D distance, interimplant distance, and mesiodistal angular deviations were considered. The scanned area affected only 3D distance deviations (P≤.006). IOSs and scanned area significantly affected the precision of scans when 3D distance, interimplant distance, and mesiodistal angular deviations were considered, while only IOSs significantly affected buccopalatal angular deviations (P≤.040). Scans from PS had higher accuracy when 3D distance deviations were considered for the anterior 4-unit and posterior 3-unit models (P≤.030), when interimplant distance deviations were considered for complete-arch scans of the posterior 3-unit model (P≤.048), and when mesiodistal angular deviations were considered in the posterior 3-unit model (P≤.050). Partial-arch scans had higher accuracy when 3D distance deviations of the posterior 3-unit model were considered (P≤.002). PS had higher time efficiency regardless of the model and scanned area (P≤.010), while partial-arch scans had higher time efficiency when scanning the posterior 3-unit and posterior 4-unit models with PS and the posterior 3-unit model with T3 (P≤.050). Conclusions: Partial-arch scans with PS had similar or better accuracy and time efficiency than other tested scanned area-scanner pairs in tested partial edentulism situations. © 2023 Editorial Council for the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1097-6841} } @article{MTMT:33689470, title = {Effect of intraoral scanner and fixed partial denture situation on the scan accuracy of multiple implants: An in vitro study}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33689470}, author = {Donmez, Mustafa Borga and Mathey, Ayse and Gaeumann, Fabio and Mathey, Amber and Yilmaz, Burak and Abou-Ayash, Samir}, doi = {10.1111/cid.13190}, journal-iso = {CLIN IMPLANT DENT R}, journal = {CLINICAL IMPLANT DENTISTRY AND RELATED RESEARCH}, volume = {25}, unique-id = {33689470}, issn = {1523-0899}, abstract = {BackgroundAccuracy of intraoral implant scans may be affected by the region of the implant and the type of the intraoral scanner (IOSs). However, there is limited knowledge on the scan accuracy of multiple implants placed for an implant-supported fixed partial denture (FPD) in different partially edentulous situations when digitized by using different IOSs. PurposeTo investigate the effect of IOS and FPD situation on the scan accuracy of two implants when partial-arch scans were performed. Materials and MethodsTissue level implants were placed in 3 maxillary models with implant spaces either at right first premolar and right first molar sites (Model 1, 3-unit FPD), at right canine and right first molar sites (Model 2, 4-unit FPD), or at lateral incisor sites (Model 3, 4-unit FPD). Reference standard tessellation language (STL) files of the models were generated by using an optical scanner (ATOS Capsule 200MV120). Two IOSs (CEREC Primescan [CP] and TRIOS 3 [TR]) were used to perform partial-arch scans (test-scans) of each model (n = 14), which were exported in STL format. A metrology-grade analysis software (GOM Inspect 2018) was used to superimpose test-scan STLs over the reference STL to calculate 3D distance, inter-implant distance, and angular (mesiodistal and buccopalatal) deviations. Trueness and precision analyses were performed by using bootstrap analysis of variance followed by Welch tests with Holm correction (alpha = 0.05). ResultsTrueness of the scans was affected by IOS and FPD situation when 3D distance deviations were considered, while inter-implant distance, mesiodistal angular, and buccopalatal angular deviations were only affected by the FPD situation (p < 0.001). Scan precision was affected by the interaction between the IOSs and the FPD situation when 3D distance and buccopalatal angular deviations were concerned, while IOSs and FPD situation were effective when all deviations were concerned (p <= 0.001). When 3D distance deviations were considered, CP scans had higher accuracy TR scans in Models 1 and 3 (p <= 0.002), and the Model 1 scans had the highest accuracy (p < 0.001). When inter-implant distance deviations were considered, Model 1 scans had the highest accuracy with CP and higher accuracy than Model 2 when TR was used (p <= 0.030). When mesiodistal angular deviations were considered, Model 1 scans had the highest accuracy (p <= 0.040). When buccopalatal angular deviations were considered, Model 1 scans had the highest accuracy among models when CP was used (p <= 0.020). ConclusionsPosterior 3-unit fixed partial denture implant scans, CP scans, and combination of these two factors had accuracy either similar to or better than their tested counterparts.}, keywords = {PRECISION; implant; intraoral scanner; fixed partial denture}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1708-8208}, pages = {502-510}, orcid-numbers = {Donmez, Mustafa Borga/0000-0002-3094-7487} } @article{MTMT:34358361, title = {In vitro comparison of physical characteristics of milled versus printed zirconia discs}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34358361}, author = {Giugliano, Thomas S. and Zhang, Yu and Janal, Malvin N. and Lim, Chek Hai and Smith, Ruby M. and Choi, Mijin}, doi = {10.1111/jopr.13778}, journal-iso = {J PROSTHODONT}, journal = {JOURNAL OF PROSTHODONTICS-IMPLANT ESTHETIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE DENTISTRY}, unique-id = {34358361}, issn = {1059-941X}, abstract = {PurposeThe purpose of this study was to compare the dimensional accuracy, translucency, and biaxial flexural strength of milled zirconia (MZ) versus 3D-printed zirconia (PZ) discs.Materials & MethodsA circular disc measuring 14.0 mm in diameter and 1.20 mm in thickness was designed using computer-aided design (CAD) software. The resulting standard tessellation language (STL) file was used both as a control and to fabricate 36 zirconia (3Y-TZP) disc specimens (n = 36): 18 were milled (group MZ) and 18 were 3D-printed (group PZ). The diameter and thickness of each disc were measured using a digital caliper. Translucency was evaluated using a calibrated dental colorimeter. The flexural strength was determined using the piston-on-three-ball biaxial flexure test. All measurements were done by one blinded examiner. The statistical significance level was set to alpha = 0.05.ResultsThe MZ discs had significantly more accurate dimensions than the PZ discs in both diameter and thickness when compared to the control CAD software-designed disc. The MZ discs exhibited significantly higher translucency (translucency parameter (TP) = 16.95 +/- 0.36 vs. 9.24 +/- 1.98) and biaxial flexural strength (996.16 +/- 137.37 MPa vs. 845.75 +/- 266.16 MPa) than the PZ discs. Finally, MZ possessed a significantly higher Weibull modulus relative to PZ.ConclusionsThe results showed that the milled specimens achieved better dimensional accuracy and were more translucent, stronger, and less prone to failure than printed specimens.}, keywords = {Additive manufacturing; Subtractive manufacturing; 3Y-TZP; 3D-printed zirconia; milled zirconia}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1532-849X}, orcid-numbers = {Giugliano, Thomas S./0000-0001-8583-2882} } @article{MTMT:34515268, title = {Evaluation of Dimensional Stability and Occlusal Wear of Additively and Subtractively Manufactured Resin-Based Crowns after Thermomechanical Aging}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34515268}, author = {Guven, Mehmet Esad and Cakmak, Gulce and Donmez, Mustafa Borga and Yilmaz, Burak}, doi = {10.3390/app132111849}, journal-iso = {APPL SCI-BASEL}, journal = {APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL}, volume = {13}, unique-id = {34515268}, abstract = {The knowledge on the surface deviations and wear of recently introduced additively or subtractively manufactured materials indicated for definitive prosthesis is limited. The aim of this present study was to evaluate the external surface and mesiodistal width deviation and the occlusal surface wear of one additively manufactured composite resin (MS) and three subtractively manufactured resins (nanographene-reinforced polymethylmethacrylate (GR), conventional polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), and reinforced composite resin (BC)) after thermomechanical aging. Molar-shaped crowns were fabricated in the tested materials and digitized with an intraoral scanner (CEREC Primescan; Dentsply Sirona, Bensheim, Germany). Each crown was subjected to thermomechanical aging and rescanned with the same scanner. A three-dimensional analysis software (Geomagic Control X v.2022.1; 3D Systems, Rock Hill, SC, USA) was used to calculate the deviations on the external surface, mesiodistal width, and wear on the occlusal surfaces of the tested crowns. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests (alpha = 0.05). MS had higher external surface deviations than PMMA and GR (p <= 0.038) and higher mesiodistal width deviations than PMMA and BC (p = 0.004). BC and GR had higher volume loss than PMMA (p <= 0.002). The additively manufactured composite resin was more prone to deviations, while reinforced composite resin had lower wear resistance than most of the tested materials.}, year = {2023}, eissn = {2076-3417}, orcid-numbers = {Donmez, Mustafa Borga/0000-0002-3094-7487} } @article{MTMT:34179501, title = {Effect of Horizontal Resolution of Printer on Trueness of 3D-Printed Provisional Crown: An In Vitro Study}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34179501}, author = {Hai, P.N. and Son, T.M. and Anh, N.V. and Ngoc, V.T.N. and Tra, N.T.}, doi = {10.1055/s-0043-1764478}, journal-iso = {EUR J GEN DENT}, journal = {EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF GENERAL DENTISTRY}, volume = {12}, unique-id = {34179501}, issn = {2278-9626}, abstract = {Objectives Provisional crowns play an integral role in prosthodontic therapy and need to be fabricated with high accuracy to ensure good marginal fit and proper contour. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of 3D printer’s horizontal pixel resolution on trueness of the intaglio surface, external surface, and marginal area and the actual marginal adaptation of the interim crowns. Materials and Methods A gypsum reference model of mandible with a prepared right first molar was scanned with a dental laboratory scanner (AutoScan-DS-MIX, Shining 3D) and a digital provisional crown was design using the computer-aided design (CAD) software (Exocad). The provisional crown was manufactured by two printers with different horizontal resolutions (Sonic Mini 4K Printer and Sonic Mini 8K Printer). The printed crowns were scanned using the aforementioned scanner. The trueness of the external surface, internal surface, and marginal area of the provisional crowns was evaluated by comparing the scanned data with the reference CAD design data using a 3D inspection software (Geomagic Control X, 3D systems). The trueness of the crown manufactured by two printers was compared by a two-sided test (α ¼ 0.05). Finally, the marginal adaptation of the provisional crowns was evaluated on the printed removable dies and compared. Results The results revealed that there was a significant difference in the trueness of the marginal area and the marginal adaptation (p < 0.05). Conclusions It can be concluded that the trueness of provisional crown marginal area and the marginal adaptation was affected by the horizontal resolution of the 3D printer. © 2023. The Author(s).}, keywords = {Horizontal resolution; Trueness; 3D printer; interim crown; marginal area; provisional crown}, year = {2023}, eissn = {2320-4753}, pages = {34-41} } @article{MTMT:33573894, title = {Clinical evaluation of 3D-printed zirconia crowns fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM) for posterior teeth restorations: Short-term pilot study}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33573894}, author = {Kao, C.-T. and Liu, S.-H. and Kao, C.-Y. and Huang, T.-H.}, doi = {10.1016/j.jds.2022.11.017}, journal-iso = {J DENT SCI}, journal = {JOURNAL OF DENTAL SCIENCES}, volume = {18}, unique-id = {33573894}, issn = {1991-7902}, abstract = {Background/purpose: Zirconia crowns (ZrC) without veneering porcelain have become an effective alternative in clinical practice. Monolithic zirconia restorations fabricated by the dry milling method do not have acceptable clinical properties. This study evaluated the periodontal qualities of three-dimensional printed ZrC using the modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria. Materials and methods: A total of 15 patients who required dental crowns were recruited, and all 15 teeth were restored with digital 3D-printed ZrC. All crowns were assessed at the time of crown placement and 2, 6, and 24 weeks post-placement. Clinical parameters, including plaque index, gingival index, probing depth, crown marginal integrity, and attrition of the antagonist's teeth, were evaluated and recorded. Results: According to the Modified California Dental Association quality evaluation system, 100% of the crowns received satisfactory grades. Despite the significant increase in plaque index and gingival index at two weeks post-ZrC placement, there was no deterioration in probing depth. Moreover, there was discard usage of ZrC on the antagonist's teeth at 24 weeks posttreatment. Of the 15 crowns, one tooth had to be extracted due to a vertical root fracture. Overall, the digital 3D-printed crowns showed no adverse effects on periodontal tissues after 24 weeks of follow-up. Conclusion: The 3D-printed ZrC showed no periodontal problems. It can serve as an alternative for patients, particularly those with high esthetic expectations. © 2022 Association for Dental Sciences of the Republic of China}, keywords = {gingival index; plaque index; periodontal status; Zirconia crown; Three dimension printing}, year = {2023}, eissn = {2213-8862}, pages = {715-721} } @inproceedings{MTMT:34515262, title = {Investigations of digital model using extraoral scanner, resin printing and fused deposition modelling to fabricate a dental arch model}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34515262}, author = {Kumar, P. and Kaushik, A. and Gahletia, S. and Garg, R.K. and Rohilla, S. and Sharma, A. and Yadav, M. and Chhabra, D.}, booktitle = {2023 2nd International Conference on Computational Modelling, Simulation and Optimization (ICCMSO)}, doi = {10.1109/ICCMSO59960.2023.00054}, unique-id = {34515262}, abstract = {The present work investigates the dimensional preciseness of dental arch models from extraoral scanning (EOS), resin printing, and fused deposition modelling (FDM).A typodont dental cast reference model was scanned with an extra-oral scanner and additively manufactured using digital light processing (DLP) and FDM. Linear measurements of anthropometric landmarks, including canine width, molar width, premolar diameter, canine height, and arch length, were considered on reference, digital, and additively manufactured dental arch models. Measurement variations were used to observe accuracy and dimensional preciseness, respectively. The scan results for the five anthropometrical landmarks (canine width:0.21, molar width: 0.27, premolar diameter: 0.86, canine height: 1.44, and arch length: 1.52) are in close agreement with the reference model in terms of dimensional accuracy. The percentage error in dimensions of 3D printed dental casts exhibited a prevalence of shrinkage, with DLP (canine width: 1.56, molar width: 0.65, premolar diameter: 4.38, canine height:1.3, and arch length: 3.78) resin printing exhibiting more distortion in terms of percentage error than FDM printing; (canine width: 0.06, molar width: 0.27, premolar diameter:3.8, canine height: 1.4, and arch length: 2.18). The utilization of extra oral scanners in dentistry has great potential to provide many benefits and suggests that they could significantly improve the quality and efficiency of dental treatments. Compared to DLP technique, FDM offers higher accuracy and precision when creating complex dental models with excellent fit and long-term durability. © 2023 IEEE.}, keywords = {DEPOSITION; ADDITIVES; dentistry; Arches; Resins; 3-D printing; 3D printing; 3D printing; ARCH MODELS; Fused deposition modelling; 3D-printing; Digital dentistry; Digital dentistry; Reference modeling; Digital light processing; Digital light processing; dental arches; Dental cast; Dimensional preciseness; extraoral scanning; extraoral scanning}, year = {2023}, pages = {248-252} } @article{MTMT:33920243, title = {Impact of post printing cleaning methods on geometry, transmission, roughness parameters, and flexural strength of 3D-printed zirconia}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33920243}, author = {Liebermann, A. and Schultheis, A. and Faber, F. and Rammelsberg, P. and Rues, S. and Schwindling, F.S.}, doi = {10.1016/j.dental.2023.05.005}, journal-iso = {DENT MATER}, journal = {DENTAL MATERIALS}, volume = {39}, unique-id = {33920243}, issn = {0109-5641}, abstract = {Objective: To analyze the impact of different post printing cleaning methods on geometry, transmission, roughness parameters, and flexural strength of additively manufactured zirconia. Methods: Disc-shaped specimens (N = 100) were 3D-printed from 3 mol%-yttria-stabilized zirconia (material: LithaCon 3Y 210; printer: CeraFab 7500, Lithoz) and were cleaned with five different methods (n = 20): (A) 25 s of airbrushing with the dedicated cleaning solution (LithaSol 30®, Lithoz) and 1-week storage in a drying oven (40 °C); (B) 25 s airbrushing (LithaSol 30®) without drying oven; (C) 30 s ultrasonic bath (US) filled with Lithasol30®; (D) 300 s US filled with LithaSol 30®; (E) 30 s US filled with LithaSol 30® followed by 40 s of airbrushing (LithaSol 30®). After cleaning, the samples were sintered. Geometry, transmission, roughness (Ra, Rz), characteristic strengths (σ0), and Weibull moduli (m) were analyzed. Statistical analyses were performed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov-, t-, Kruskal-Wallis-, and Mann-Whitney-U-tests (α < 0.05). Results: Short US (C) resulted in the thickest and widest samples. Highest transmission was found for US combined with airbrushing (E, p ≤ 0.004), followed by D and B (same range, p = 0.070). Roughness was lowest for US combined with airbrushing (E, p ≤ 0.039), followed by A and B (same range, p = 0.172). A (σ0 = 1030 MPa, m = 8.2), B (σ0 = 1165 MPa, m = 9.8), and E (σ0 = 1146 MPa, m = 8.3) were significantly stronger (p < 0.001) and substantially more reliable than C (σ0 = 480 MPa, m = 1.9) and D (σ0 = 486 MPa, m = 2.1). Significance: For 3D-printed zirconia, cleaning strategy selection is important. Airbrushing (B) and short US combined with airbrushing (E) were most favorable regarding transmission, roughness, and strength. Ultrasonic cleaning alone was ineffective (short duration) or detrimental (long duration). Strategy E could be particularly promising for hollow or porous structures. © 2023 Elsevier Inc.}, keywords = {TRANSMISSION; Computational complexity; ADDITIVES; GEOMETRY; cleaning; Zirconia; Zirconia; Bending strength; Flexural strength; Transmissions; 3-D printing; roughness parameters; Ovens; 3D printing; 3D printing; Ultrasonic bath; yttrium oxide; 3D-printing; Roughness parameter; Cleaning methods; Post printing cleaning; Post printing cleaning; Geometry transmission; Post printing; Yttria-stabilized-zirconia; Zirconia materials}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1879-0097}, pages = {625-633} } @article{MTMT:34179507, title = {Dimensional accuracy and clinical adaptation of monolithic zirconia crowns fabricated with the nanoparticle jetting technique}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34179507}, author = {Lyu, J. and Yang, X. and Li, Y. and Tan, J. and Liu, X.}, doi = {10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.04.008}, journal-iso = {J PROSTHET DENT}, journal = {JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY}, unique-id = {34179507}, issn = {0022-3913}, abstract = {Statement of problem: The nanoparticle jetting (NPJ) technique is a recently developed additive manufacturing method that may have useful dental applications. The manufacturing accuracy and clinical adaptation of zirconia monolithic crowns fabricated with NPJ are unknown. Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the dimensional accuracy and clinical adaptation of zirconia crowns fabricated with NPJ and those fabricated with subtractive manufacturing (SM) and digital light processing (DLP). Material and methods: Five standardized typodont right mandibular first molars were prepared for ceramic complete crowns, and 30 zirconia monolithic crowns were fabricated using SM, DLP, and NPJ (n=10) with a completely digital workflow. The dimensional accuracy at the external, intaglio, and marginal areas was determined by superimposing the scanned data and computer-aided design data of the crowns (n=10). Occlusal, axial, and marginal adaptations were evaluated by using a nondestructive silicone replica and dual scanning method. The 3-dimensional discrepancy was evaluated to determine clinical adaptation. Differences among test groups were analyzed by using a MANOVA and the post hoc least significant difference test for normally distributed data or the Kruskal-Wallis test with Bonferroni correction for nonnormally distributed data (α=.05). Results: Significant differences were found in the dimensional accuracy and clinical adaptation among the groups (P<.001). The NPJ group had a lower overall root mean square (RMS) value for dimensional accuracy (22.9 ±1.4 μm) than the SM (27.3 ±5.0 μm) and DLP (36.4 ±5.9 μm) groups (P<.001). The NPJ group had a lower external RMS value (23.0 ±3.0 μm) than the SM group (28.9 ±5.4 μm) (P<.001) and equivalent marginal and intaglio RMS values than the SM group. The DLP group had larger external (33.3 ±4.3 μm), intaglio (36.1 ±10.7 μm), and marginal (79.4 ±12.9 μm) deviations than the NPJ and SM groups (P<.001). With regard to clinical adaptation, the marginal discrepancy was smaller in the NPJ group (63.9 ±27.3 μm) than in the SM group (70.8 ±27.5 μm) (P<.001). No significant differences were found between the SM and NPJ groups in terms of the occlusal (87.2 ±25.5 and 80.5 ±24.2 μm, respectively) and axial (39.1 ±19.7 and 38.4 ±13.7 μm, respectively) discrepancies. The DLP group had larger occlusal (239.0 ±60.1 μm), axial (84.9 ±29.1 μm), and marginal (140.4 ±84.3 μm) discrepancies than the NPJ and SM groups (P<.001). Conclusions: Monolithic zirconia crowns fabricated using NPJ have higher dimensional accuracy and clinical adaptation than those fabricated using SM or DLP. © 2023 Editorial Council for The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1097-6841} } @{MTMT:34079945, title = {3D printing in dentistry}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34079945}, author = {Mangano, F. and Savkova, N.}, booktitle = {Handbook of Surgical Planning and 3D Printing: Applications, Integration, and New Directions}, doi = {10.1016/B978-0-323-90850-4.00008-9}, unique-id = {34079945}, abstract = {3D printing is revolutionizing the world of dentistry. At present, 3D printers are present in dental laboratories and in the most modern dental practices, all over the world, and allow to print study and working models in resin, temporary fixed prosthetic restorations (crowns and bridges, full arches), surgical guides, bite splints, removable complete prostheses (with and without implants), orthodontic devices. Furthermore, in the field of metal printing, laser sintering and laser melting techniques allow the printing of surgical guides, custom-made meshes for bone regeneration, and customized implants (root-analog, subperiosteal, and maxillofacial implants). In the near future, thanks to 3D printers, it will also be possible to print fixed prosthetic restorations (crowns and bridges) in monolithic zirconia, veneers in lithium disilicate, as well as custom-made scaffolds in hydroxyapatite/beta-tricalcium phosphate, for the regeneration of small horizontal and vertical bone defects. © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.}, year = {2023}, pages = {171-202} } @article{MTMT:33920260, title = {Mechanical and surface properties of additive manufactured zirconia under the different building directions}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33920260}, author = {Miura, Shoko and Shinya, Akikazu and Ishida, Yoshiki and Fujisawa, Masanori}, doi = {10.2186/jpr.JPR_D_22_00166}, journal-iso = {J PROSTHODONT RES}, journal = {JOURNAL OF PROSTHODONTIC RESEARCH}, volume = {67}, unique-id = {33920260}, issn = {1883-1958}, abstract = {Purpose:This study investigates the mechanical and surface properties of zirconia manufactured using additive manufac-turing (AM) technology and the effect of the building direction on the mechanical and surface properties.Methods: Specimens were prepared using ZrO2 paste (3DMix ZrO2; 3DCeram) and a three-dimensional printing sys-tem (CeraMaker 900; 3DCeram) based on the principles of stereolithography (SLA). The mechanical properties (flexural strength, Vickers hardness, fracture toughness, elastic modulus, and Poisson's ratio) and surface properties (chemical com-position and surface observation) were evaluated for three building directions (parallel, diagonal, and perpendicular) to investigate the relationship between the building directions and the anisotropy of the mechanical and surface properties of SLA-manufactured zirconia. Statistical analysis was performed using a one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's honestly significant difference test.Results: The highest flexural strength was obtained for a perpendicular building direction. The flexural strength was significantly higher in the perpendicular direction than in the parallel and diagonal directions; it was also significantly higher in the diagonal direction than in the parallel direction (p<0.05). The Vickers hardness, fracture toughness, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, and chemical composition did not differ significantly. Microstructural observations revealed that the layers, large crystals, and pores were more prominent in the parallel direction.Conclusions: The flexural strength and surface structure of the tested SLA-manufactured zirconia were influenced by the building direction; however, other mechanical properties remained unaffected. The layer boundaries affected the anisotropic behavior of the builds to a certain extent, owing to the layer-by-layer production method.}, keywords = {POLYMERS; FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; Anisotropy; strength; dentistry; Crowns; Y-TZP; Material properties; stereolithography; Digital dentistry}, year = {2023}, eissn = {2212-4632}, pages = {410-417} } @article{MTMT:33920241, title = {Fit of anterior restorations made of 3D-printed and milled zirconia: An in-vitro study}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33920241}, author = {Rues, S. and Zehender, N. and Zenthöfer, A. and Bömicke, W. and Herpel, C. and Ilani, A. and Erber, R. and Roser, C. and Lux, C.J. and Rammelsberg, P. and Schwindling, F.S.}, doi = {10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104415}, journal-iso = {J DENTISTRY}, journal = {JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY}, volume = {130}, unique-id = {33920241}, issn = {0300-5712}, abstract = {Objectives: To evaluate the fit of zirconia veneers made by either 3D printing or milling. Methods: A typodont maxillary central incisor was prepared for a 0.5-mm-thick veneer and was reproduced 36 times from resin. Restorations were designed with a 20-µm-wide marginal and a 60-µm-wide internal cement gap, and were made from 3D-printed zirconia (LithaCon 3Y 210, Lithoz, n = 24) and milled zirconia (Cercon ht, DentsplySirona, n = 12). For milled zirconia, a drill compensation was needed to give the milling bur access to the intaglio surface. The restorations were cemented, cross-sectioned, and the cement gap size was analyzed by two raters. Inter-rater reliability was studied at 12 3D-printed veneers (intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC, mixed model, absolute agreement). Twelve remaining 3D-printed restorations were compared with 12 milled restorations regarding fit at three locations: marginally, labially, and at the incisal edge (Mann–Whitney U-tests, α<0.05). Results: Inter-rater reliability was excellent, with an ICC single-measure coefficient of 0.944 (95%-confidence interval: [0.907; 0.966]). Gap sizes (mean ± SD / maximum) were 55 ± 9 / 143 µm at the margins, 68 ± 14 / 130 µm labially, and 78 ± 19 / 176 µm at the incisor edge for 3D-printed veneers. For milled veneers, gap sizes were 44 ± 11 / 141 µm at the margins, 85 ± 19 / 171 µm labially, and 391 ± 26 / 477 µm at the incisor edge. At the margins, the milled veneers outperformed the 3D-printed restorations (p = 0.011). The cement gap at the incisor edge was significantly smaller after 3D printing (p < 0.001). Conclusions: 3D-printed zirconia restorations showed clinically acceptable mean marginal gaps below 100 µm. Because drill compensation could be omitted with 3D printing, the fit at the sharp incisal edge was significantly tighter than with milling. Clinical significance: The fit of 3D-printed ceramic anterior restorations meets clinical standards. In addition, 3D printing is associated with a greater geometrical freedom than milling. With regard to fit this feature allows tighter adaptation even after minimally invasive preparation. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd}, keywords = {Reproducibility of Results; reproducibility; Computer aided design; Dental Porcelain; Dental Porcelain; Computer-Aided Design; Zirconia; zirconium oxide; 3D printing; Additive manufacturing; three dimensional printing; Printing, Three-Dimensional; FIT; cement gap; Ceramic restorations}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1879-176X} } @article{MTMT:34515258, title = {3D printed zirconia used as dental materials: a critical review}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34515258}, author = {Su, G. and Zhang, Y. and Jin, C. and Zhang, Q. and Lu, J. and Liu, Z. and Wang, Q. and Zhang, X. and Ma, J.}, doi = {10.1186/s13036-023-00396-y}, journal-iso = {J BIOL ENG}, journal = {JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING}, volume = {17}, unique-id = {34515258}, issn = {1754-1611}, abstract = {In view of its high mechanical performance, outstanding aesthetic qualities, and biological stability, zirconia has been widely used in the fields of dentistry. Due to its potential to produce suitable advanced configurations and structures for a number of medical applications, especially personalized created devices, ceramic additive manufacturing (AM) has been attracting a great deal of attention in recent years. AM zirconia hews out infinite possibilities that are otherwise barely possible with traditional processes thanks to its freedom and efficiency. In the review, AM zirconia’s physical and adhesive characteristics, accuracy, biocompatibility, as well as their clinical applications have been reviewed. Here, we highlight the accuracy and biocompatibility of 3D printed zirconia. Also, current obstacles and a forecast of AM zirconia for its development and improvement have been covered. In summary, this review offers a description of the basic characteristics of AM zirconia materials intended for oral medicine. Furthermore, it provides a generally novel and fundamental basis for the utilization of 3D printed zirconia in dentistry. © 2023, The Author(s).}, keywords = {review; human; Materials Testing; accuracy; CERAMICS; biocompatibility; dentistry; dental surgery; maxillofacial surgery; maxillofacial surgery; Dental Prosthesis; implant; Zirconia; zirconium oxide; 3D printing; dental material; three dimensional printing}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1754-1611} } @misc{MTMT:34515269, title = {Sintering Effect on Zirconia Manufactured by Suspension Enclosed Projection Stereolithography}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34515269}, author = {Unnadkat, Amit}, unique-id = {34515269}, year = {2023} } @article{MTMT:33920247, title = {Comparison of the morphological accuracy of automatic crowns designed by multiple computer-aided design software programs with different levels of dentition information acquisition}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33920247}, author = {Wang, F. and Zhang, T. and Zhou, Q. and Lu, Y.}, doi = {10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.01.024}, journal-iso = {J PROSTHET DENT}, journal = {JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY}, unique-id = {33920247}, issn = {0022-3913}, abstract = {Statement of problem: Information on the morphological accuracy of crowns automatically produced by different computer-aided design (CAD) software programs for multilevel dentition defects is limited. Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the morphological accuracy of crowns fabricated using different CAD software programs with different design theories for multilevel dentition defects. Material and methods: Four dentition defect types (the standard group, the abrasion group, the adjacent-teeth-missing group, and the antagonist-tooth–missing group, n=10) were fabricated to represent different levels of missing dentition information. Two design modes (the library mode and correlation mode) of 3 common CAD software programs (3Shape [3Shape Dental system], CEREC [Dentsply Sirona], and exocad DentalCAD [exocad GmbH]) were used to design crowns automatically, and the morphologies of the generated crowns and original teeth were recorded. The root mean square (RMS) value was calculated to evaluate the morphological deviations between the autogenerated crowns and original teeth using the 3D matching system (Geomagic GmbH). As each group in this study represented 3 factors, the mean differences between the treatment combinations and the interaction effects were analyzed by performing factorial analysis of variance (α=.05). Results: The RMS values of autogenerated crowns designed using the correlation method were significantly lower than those designed using the library method of each software program in the 4 groups (P<.05). The RMS values of crowns designed by the 3Shape and CEREC software programs in library mode under conditions with dentition information loss were lower than those of crowns designed by the exocad software program (P<.05). Changes in the acquisition of dental information did not decrease the CEREC design accuracy (P>.05), while they did decrease the 3Shape and exocad design accuracy (P<.05). Conclusions: The correlation method showed higher accuracy in rebuilding the original morphology of the teeth than the library method. Both the 3Shape and CEREC software programs showed higher accuracy than the exocad software program in library mode under conditions with dentition information loss, while CEREC showed higher stability than the 3Shape and exocad software programs. © 2023 Editorial Council for the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1097-6841} } @article{MTMT:33920246, title = {Technique to restore the midline space of central incisors using a two-in-one template: A clinical report}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33920246}, author = {Wu, J. and Zhu, J. and Yang, X. and Gao, J. and Yu, H.}, doi = {10.1111/jopr.13678}, journal-iso = {J PROSTHODONT}, journal = {JOURNAL OF PROSTHODONTICS-IMPLANT ESTHETIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE DENTISTRY}, volume = {32}, unique-id = {33920246}, issn = {1059-941X}, abstract = {Using composite resin restoration of full-coverage crowns to obtain a completely symmetrical esthetic restoration of individual central incisors remains difficult. Freehand direct composite resin restoration is challenging even for highly skilled dentists. This clinical report describes a digital protocol for achieving symmetrical restoration of two central incisors using a custom-designed, two-in-one template. © 2023 by the American College of Prosthodontists.}, keywords = {TEMPLATE; Tooth Preparation; Digital dentistry; composite resin injection; esthetic rehabilitation}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1532-849X}, pages = {375-381} } @article{MTMT:34358362, title = {Zirconia restorations and the tool diameter compensation}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34358362}, author = {Yazigi, Christine and Busch, Reinhard and Kern, Matthias}, doi = {10.3290/j.ijcd.b3836703}, journal-iso = {INT J COMPUT DENT}, journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERIZED DENTISTRY}, volume = {26}, unique-id = {34358362}, issn = {1463-4201}, abstract = {Aim: The aim of the present article is to describe a new method to reduce the undesirable loss of material thickness that results from overmilling due to the tool diameter com-pensation correction of common CAD/CAM software.Materials and methods: Today's CAD/CAM software (eg, 3Shape or Exocad) specifies the same tool diameter compen-sation for different ceramics. In the case of zirconia ceramics milled in the raw state, this leads to excessive milling of the inner surfaces of crowns, which results in unnecessarily large cementation gaps and a restoration that is thinned out from the inside. By manually reducing the preset correction in the digital design process by the volumetric sintering shrinkage factor specified by the manufacturer, excessive thinning of the zirconia can be avoided.Results: The inner geometry of the restorations changes only slightly after manually reducing the preset tool diameter compensation correction. Consequently, a design of the restoration with the required minimum interocclusal thick-ness yet with accurate passive seating and marginal fit is possible without any further interventions.Conclusions: Understanding the specifics of the subtractive fabrication process as well as the properties of the restora-tive materials is a key factor in achieving optimal clinical out-comes with all-ceramic restorations fabricated with CAD/ CAM technology. The use of monolithic zirconia combined with a calculated reduction in the preset tool diameter com-pensation correction might be beneficial in cases with thin or uneven geometry.}, keywords = {CAD/CAM; Subtractive manufacturing; Minimum thickness; monolithic zirconia; all-ceramic restorations; tool diameter compensation}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1463-4201}, pages = {257-264}, orcid-numbers = {Kern, Matthias/0000-0002-0378-9698} } @article{MTMT:34179497, title = {Comparison of intraoral and laboratory scanners to an industrial-grade scanner while analyzing the fabrication trueness of polymer and titanium complete-arch implant-supported frameworks}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34179497}, author = {Yilmaz, B. and Dede, D.Ö. and Donmez, M.B. and Küçükekenci, A.S. and Lu, W.-E. and Schumacher, F.L. and Çakmak, G.}, doi = {10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104697}, journal-iso = {J DENTISTRY}, journal = {JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY}, volume = {138}, unique-id = {34179497}, issn = {0300-5712}, abstract = {Objectives: To compare the scans of different intraoral scanners (IOSs) and laboratory scanners (LBSs) to those of an industrial-grade optical scanner by measuring deviations of complete-arch implant-supported frameworks from their virtual design file. Material and methods: Ten polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and 10 titanium (Ti) complete-arch implant-supported frameworks were milled from a master standard tessellation language (STL) file. An industrial-grade blue light scanner (AT), 2 LBSs (MT and E4), and 3 IOSs (PS, T3, and T4) were used to generate STL files of these frameworks. All STLs were imported into an analysis software (Geomagic Control X) and overall root mean square (RMS) values were calculated. Marginal surfaces of all STL files were then virtually isolated (Medit Link v 2.4.4) and marginal RMS values were calculated. Deviations in scans of tested scanners were compared with those in scans of AT by using a linear mixed effects model (α = 0.05). Results: When the scans of PEEK frameworks were considered, PS and T3 had similar overall RMS to those of AT (p ≥ .076). However, E4 and T4 had higher and MT had lower overall RMS than AT (p ≤ .002) with a maximum estimated mean difference of 13.41 µm. When the scans of Ti frameworks were considered, AT had significantly lower overall RMS than tested scanners (p ≤ .010) with a maximum estimated mean difference of 31.35 µm. Scans of tested scanners led to significantly higher marginal RMS than scans of AT (p ≤ .006) with a maximum estimated mean difference of 53.90 µm for PEEK and 40.50 µm for Ti frameworks. Conclusion: Only the PEEK framework scans of PS and T3 led to similar overall deviations to those of AT. However, scans of all tested scanners resulted in higher marginal deviations than those of AT scans. Clinical Significance: Scans performed by using PS and T3 may be alternatives to those of tested reference industrial scanner AT, for the overall fabrication trueness analysis of complete-arch implant-supported PEEK frameworks. © 2023 The Author(s)}, keywords = {FRAMEWORK; intraoral scanner; deviation; laboratory scanner; Complete-arch implant-supported}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1879-176X} } @article{MTMT:34515266, title = {Comparison of trueness and margin quality of additively and subtractively manufactured definitive resin-based laminate veneers}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34515266}, author = {Yılmaz, D. and Çakmak, G. and Güven, M.E. and Yoon, H.-I. and Schimmel, M. and Yilmaz, B.}, doi = {10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.09.011}, journal-iso = {J PROSTHET DENT}, journal = {JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY}, unique-id = {34515266}, issn = {0022-3913}, abstract = {Statement of problem: Currently available 3-dimensional (3D) additively manufactured (AM) resins used for definitive restorations have different chemical compositions and viscosities. The fabrication trueness and margin quality of laminate veneers additively manufactured with different resins have not been extensively studied. Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the fabrication trueness and margin quality of AM and subtractively manufactured (SM) definitive resin-based laminate veneers. Material and methods: A laminate veneer restoration for a maxillary right central incisor with a 25-µm cement space was designed to generate a reference laminate veneer standard tessellation language (STL) file (RLV-STL). This RLV-STL was used to fabricate resin-based laminate veneers (N=60) for definitive use, either using AM (a low-viscosity, urethane acrylate-based resin (C&B Permanent, AM-LV), a high-viscosity, urethane acrylate-based resin (Tera Harz TC-80DP, AM-HV), and a glass-reinforced composite resin (Crowntec, AM-S) or SM (glass-filler reinforced composite resin blocks (Tetric CAD, SM) technologies. All laminate veneers were digitized with an intraoral scanner (CEREC Primescan SW 5.2) to generate their test STL files (TLV-STLs). RLV-STL and TLV-STLs were transferred into a 3D analysis software program (Geomagic Control X), and a trueness (external, intaglio, and marginal surface) analysis was performed by using the root mean square (RMS) method. The margin quality of laminate veneers was examined visually under a stereomicroscope and graded. The Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests were performed to analyze the data (α=.05). Results: External, intaglio, and marginal RMS values showed statistically significant differences among test groups (P<.001). The SM group had the highest RMS values for the external surface (P<.001), whereas the AM-LV group had the lowest RMS values. The AM-HV group had the highest RMS values for the intaglio surface (P<.001). No significant difference was found between the SM and AM-HV groups for marginal RMS values, which were higher than for the other groups (P=.830). All average values for the axial mesial, axial distal, and incisal edge margin quality of laminate veneers were found to be similar and Grade 3 (smooth edge) in all groups. Conclusions: Regardless of the evaluated surface, the fabrication technique affected the trueness of laminate veneers. The low-viscosity AM laminate veneers and AM laminate veneers reinforced with glass fillers had higher trueness than the SM laminate veneers at all surfaces. The low-viscosity AM laminate veneers had the highest trueness on external and marginal surfaces among the test groups and had higher trueness than the high-viscosity AM laminate veneers. © 2023 The Authors}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1097-6841} } @article{MTMT:34179492, title = {Mechanical properties of additively manufactured zirconia with alumina air abrasion surface treatment}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34179492}, author = {Yoo, Lee-Gang and Pang, Nan-Sim and Kim, So-Hyun and Jung, Bock-Young}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-023-36181-6}, journal-iso = {SCI REP}, journal = {SCIENTIFIC REPORTS}, volume = {13}, unique-id = {34179492}, issn = {2045-2322}, abstract = {This study aimed to evaluate the mechanical properties of zirconia fabricated using additive manufacturing technology and compare them to those of zirconia fabricated using subtractive manufacturing technology. Sixty disc-shaped specimens were fabricated for the additive (n = 30) and subtractive manufacturing groups (n = 30), and each group was divided into two subgroups according to their air-abrasion surface treatment: control (n = 15) and air-abrasion groups (n = 15). Mechanical properties including the flexural strength (FS), Vickers hardness, and surface roughness were determined, and the values were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test (alpha = 0.05). X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were used for phase analysis and surface topography evaluation, respectively. The SMA group exhibited the highest FS (1144.97 +/- 168.1 MPa), followed by the SMC (944.58 +/- 141.38 MPa), AMA (905.02 +/- 111.38 MPa), and AMC groups (763.55 +/- 68.69 MPa). The Weibull distribution showed the highest scale value (1213.55 MPa) in the SMA group, with the highest shape value in the AMA group (11.69). A monoclinic peak was not detected in both the AMC and SMC groups, but after air abrasion, the monoclinic phase content (X-m) reached 9% in the AMA group, exceeding that in the SMA group (7%). The AM groups exhibited statistically lower FS values than those of the SM groups under the same surface treatment (p < 0.05). Air-abrasion surface treatment increased the monoclinic phase content and FS (p < 0.05) in both the additive and subtractive groups, while it increased the surface roughness (p < 0.05) only in the additive group and did not affect the Vickers hardness in either group. For zirconia manufactured using additive technology, the mechanical properties are comparable to those of zirconia manufactured using subtractive technology.}, keywords = {TRANSFORMATION; Flexural strength; IN-VITRO EVALUATION; Shear bond strength}, year = {2023}, eissn = {2045-2322}, orcid-numbers = {Pang, Nan-Sim/0000-0003-4265-673X; Jung, Bock-Young/0000-0002-8186-2109} } @article{MTMT:34179505, title = {Accuracy and margin quality of advanced 3D-printed monolithic zirconia crowns}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34179505}, author = {Zhu, H. and Zhou, Y. and Jiang, J. and Wang, Y. and He, F.}, doi = {10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.07.004}, journal-iso = {J PROSTHET DENT}, journal = {JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY}, unique-id = {34179505}, issn = {0022-3913}, abstract = {Statement of problem: Nanoparticle jetting (NPJ) is a novel ceramic 3D-printing technology with high printing accuracy. However, studies reporting the accuracy of zirconia crowns manufactured by NPJ and comparing them with conventional zirconia crowns are lacking. Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the trueness, crown fit, and margin quality of monolithic zirconia crowns manufactured by NPJ with those milled by a computer numerical control system. Material and methods: A gypsum left mandibular first molar was prepared and scanned with an intraoral scanner (TRIOS 4). Three types of monolithic crowns were manufactured through 3D printing and subtractive manufacturing (SM): NPJ (3D printing), VITA (milling), UPCERA (milling). The crowns were scanned, and the dimensional deviation (trueness) was evaluated and compared by using a software program. The triple scan method was used to measure crown fit and uniform index through precise alignment in the software program, and margin quality was also observed with an optical microscope. The data were analyzed with 1-way analysis of variance and the Tukey post hoc test (α=.05). Results: The NPJ group reported better trueness of all crown and axial surfaces compared with the other SM group (P<.001), but marginal trueness (P=.601), intaglio surface (P=.596), and occlusal surface (P=.641) were statistically similar compared with the Vita milled group. All 3 groups reported clinically acceptable crown fit and uniformity with statistically similar values (P>.05). The NPJ group had more crowns judged to have flawless margin quality compared with the milled groups. Conclusions: All 3 manufacturing methods can fabricate zirconia crowns with a clinically acceptable crown fit. The NPJ system could be used to manufacture monolithic zirconia crowns with better margin quality and proximal surface trueness than milled crowns. © 2023 Editorial Council for The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1097-6841} } @article{MTMT:33292851, title = {Physiomechanical and Surface Characteristics of 3D-Printed Zirconia: An In Vitro Study}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33292851}, author = {Abualsaud, R. and Abussaud, M. and Assudmi, Y. and Aljoaib, G. and Khaled, A. and Alalawi, H. and Akhtar, S. and Matin, A. and Gad, M.M.}, doi = {10.3390/ma15196988}, journal-iso = {MATERIALS}, journal = {MATERIALS}, volume = {15}, unique-id = {33292851}, abstract = {The objective of this study is to examine the physiomechanical and surface properties of 3D-printed zirconia in comparison to milled zirconia. A total of 80 disc-shaped (14 × 1.5 ± 0.2 mm) specimens (20 milled and 60 3D-printed (at three different orientations; horizontal, vertical, and tilted)) were manufactured from 3-mol% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia. Five specimens per group were evaluated for crystalline phase, grain size, density, porosity, surface roughness, wettability, microhardness, and SEM analysis of the surface. Biaxial flexural strength (BFS) was measured (n = 15) followed by Weibull analysis and SEM of fractured surfaces. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test at α = 0.05. All groups showed a predominant tetragonal phase, with a 450 nm average grain size. There was no significant difference between groups with regards to density, porosity, and microhardness (p > 0.05). The tilted group had the highest surface roughness (0.688 ± 0.080 µm), significantly different from the milled (p = 0.012). The horizontal group presented the highest contact angle (89.11 ± 5.22°), significantly different from the milled and tilted (p > 0.05). The BFS of the milled group (1507.27 ± 340.10 MPa) was significantly higher than all other groups (p < 0.01), while vertical and tilted had a similar BFS that was significantly lower than horizontal (p < 0.005). The highest and lowest Weibull modulus were seen with tilted and milled, respectively. Physical properties of all groups were comparable. The surface roughness of the tilted group was higher than milled. The horizontal group had the highest hydrophobicity. Printing orientations influenced the flexural strength of 3D-printed zirconia. Clinical implications: This study demonstrates how the printing orientation affects the physiomechanical characteristics of printed zirconia. © 2022 by the authors.}, keywords = {IN-VITRO; mechanical properties; Porosity; Grain size and shape; MICROHARDNESS; Surface roughness; Computer aided design; Physical properties; Contact angle; Surface characteristics; Bending strength; Flexural strength; 3-D printing; 3D printing; 3D printers; Yttria stabilized zirconia; yttrium oxide; 3D-printing; Cad/cams; CAD-CAM; yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals ceramic; Biaxial flexural strengths; Density porosity; Physiomechanical characteristics; Yttria stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals; Yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconium polycrystal ceramic}, year = {2022}, eissn = {1996-1944} } @article{MTMT:33415552, title = {Fit, Precision, and Trueness of 3D-Printed Zirconia Crowns Compared to Milled Counterparts}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33415552}, author = {Abualsaud, Reem and Alalawi, Haidar}, doi = {10.3390/dj10110215}, journal-iso = {DENT J-BASEL}, journal = {DENTISTRY JOURNAL}, volume = {10}, unique-id = {33415552}, issn = {2304-6767}, abstract = {Precise fit of a crown and accurate reproduction of the digital design are paramount for successful treatment outcomes and preservation of clinician and technician time. The study aimed to compare the internal fit, marginal adaptation, precision, and trueness of 3D-printed zirconia crowns compared to their milled counterpart. A total of 20 monolithic 3 mol% yttria stabilized-zirconia crowns (n = 10) were made using computer-assisted design (CAD) followed by additive (3D-printed) and subtractive (milled) manufacturing. Digital scanning of the master die with and without a fit checker followed by image superimposition, and analysis was performed to evaluate internal and marginal adaptation in four areas (occlusal, axial, marginal, and overall). ISO 12836:2015 standard was followed for precision and trueness evaluation. Statistical analysis was achieved using a t-test at alpha = 0.05. Internal fit and marginal adaptation revealed no significant difference between the two test groups (p > 0.05). The significant difference in trueness (p < 0.05) was found between the two groups in three areas (occlusal, axial, and internal). The best and worst trueness values were seen with 3D-printed crowns at occlusal (8.77 +/- 0.89 mu m) and Intaglio (23.90 +/- 1.60 mu m), respectively. The overall precision was statistically better (p < 0.05) in the 3D-printed crowns (9.59 +/- 0.75 mu m) than the milled (17.31 +/- 3.39 mu m). 3D-printed and milled zirconia crowns were comparable to each other in terms of internal fit and marginal adaptation. The trueness of the occlusal and axial surfaces of 3D-printed crowns was better, whereas the trueness of fitting surface of milled crowns was better. 3D-printed crowns provided a higher level of precision than milled crowns. Although the internal and marginal fit of both production techniques were comparable, 3D printing of zirconia produced more precise crowns.}, keywords = {3D printing; CAD-CAM; dental marginal adaptation; yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals ceramic; dimensional measurement accuracies; dental internal fit; computer-assisted image analyses}, year = {2022}, orcid-numbers = {Abualsaud, Reem/0000-0001-9435-582X; Alalawi, Haidar/0000-0003-3288-4720} } @article{MTMT:33143651, title = {Additive Manufacturing of Dental Ceramics: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33143651}, author = {Al, Hamad K.Q. and Al-Rashdan, B.A. and Ayyad, J.Q. and Al, Omrani L.M. and Sharoh, A.M. and Al, Nimri A.M. and Al-Kaff, F.T.}, doi = {10.1111/jopr.13553}, journal-iso = {J PROSTHODONT}, journal = {JOURNAL OF PROSTHODONTICS-IMPLANT ESTHETIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE DENTISTRY}, volume = {31}, unique-id = {33143651}, issn = {1059-941X}, abstract = {Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of using additive manufacturing (AM) for dental ceramic fabrication in comparison with subtractive manufacturing (SM), and to evaluate the effect of the type of AM technology on dental ceramic fabrication. Materials and methods: A search was conducted electronically in MEDLINE (via PubMed), EBSCOhost, Scopus, and Cochran Library databases, and also by other methods (table of contents screening, backward and forward citations, and grey literature search) up to February 12, 2022, to identify records evaluating additive manufacturing of ceramics for dental purposes in comparison with subtractive manufacturing. A minimum of 2 review authors conducted tstudy selection, quality assessment, and data extraction. Quality assessment was performed with Joanna Briggs Institute tool, and the quantitative synthesis was performed with the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis program (CMA, Biostat Inc). Hedges's g for effect size was calculated, with 0.2 as small, 0.5 as medium, and 0.8 as large. Heterogeneity was assessed with I2 and prediction interval (PI) statistics. Publication bias was investigated with funnel plots and grey literature search. Certainty of evidence was assessed with the Grading of Recommendations: Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) tool. Results: A total of 28 studies were included for the qualitative and quantitative synthesis; 11 in vitro studies on accuracy, 1 in vivo study on color, and 16 in vitro studies on physical and mechanical properties. Meta-analysis showed overall higher accuracy for SM compared with AM, with medium effect size (0.679, CI: 0.173 to 1.185, p = 0.009) and also for marginal (g = 1.05, CI: 0.344 to 1.760, p = 0.004), occlusal (g = 2.24, CI: 0.718 to 3.766, p = 0.004), and total (g = 4.544, CI: –0.234 to 9.323, p = 0.062) with large effect size; whereas AM had higher accuracy than SM with small effect size for the external (g = –0.238, CI: –1.215 to 0.739), p = 0.633), and internal (g = –0.403, CI: –1.273 to 0.467, p = 0.364) surfaces. For technology, self-glazed zirconia protocol had the smallest effect size (g = –0.049, CI: –0.878 to 0.78, p = 0.907), followed by stereolithography (g = 0.305, CI: –0.289 to 0.9, p = 0.314), and digital light processing (g = 1.819, CI: 0.662 to 2.976, p = 0.002) technologies. Flexural strength was higher for ceramics made by SM in comparison to AM with large effect size (g = –2.868, CI: –4.371 to –1.365, p < 0.001). Only 1 study reported on color, favoring ceramics made through combined AM and SM. Conclusions: Subtractive manufacturing had better overall accuracy, particularly for the marginal and occlusal areas, higher flexural strength, and more favorable hardness, fracture toughness, porosity, fatigue, and volumetric shrinkage; whereas AM had more favorable elastic modulus and wettability. Both methods had favorable biocompatibility. All studies on accuracy and mechanical properties were in vitro, with high heterogeneity and low to very low certainty of evidence. There is a lack of studies on color match and esthetics. © 2022 by the American College of Prosthodontists.}, keywords = {COLOR; ROUGHNESS; fatigue; hardness; Porosity; accuracy; CERAMICS; WETTABILITY; biocompatibility; ALUMINA; Milling; toughness; Zirconia; Flexural strength; 3D printing; physical; mechanical; Additive manufacturing; Subtractive manufacturing; CAD-CAM}, year = {2022}, eissn = {1532-849X}, pages = {e67-e86} } @article{MTMT:33143645, title = {Preparing guiding planes for removable partial dentures: an in vitro comparison between assisted CAD-CAM template procedure and freehand preparation}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33143645}, author = {Bai, H. and Ye, H. and Chen, H. and Wang, Y. and Zhou, Y. and Sun, Y.}, doi = {10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104166}, journal-iso = {J DENTISTRY}, journal = {JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY}, volume = {123}, unique-id = {33143645}, issn = {0300-5712}, abstract = {Objectives: To compare the trueness of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) assisted procedure and freehand procedure for preparing guiding planes for removable partial dentures (RPDs). Methods: Forty identical mandibular resin casts were divided into two groups in which the guiding planes of two abutment teeth were prepared freehand (control group, n = 20) and using rigidly constrained templates (test group, n = 20). The template was designed on a digital cast of virtually prepared guiding planes and fabricated by selective laser melting using cobalt-chromium alloy. To assess the 3D trueness, all prepared guiding planes (Test data) were digitized using a laboratory scanner and compared to the virtually designed guiding planes (Reference data). The angle deviation between the Test data and the designed direction of the path of placement was measured for assessing the direction trueness of guiding plane preparation. Results: The 3D trueness of guiding plane preparation was significantly better in the Test group (48.4 ± 12.9 μm) than in the Control group (128.5 ± 37.6 μm, p < 0.01). The direction trueness of guiding plane preparation was also significantly better in the Test group (1.20 ± 0.55°) than in the Control group (7.68 ± 3.00°, p < 0.01). Conclusions: The CAD-CAM template assisted procedure can significantly improve tooth preparation of the guiding planes compared to the freehand preparation. The CAD-CAM template could help clinicians prepare parallel guiding planes in a predictable manner. © 2022}, keywords = {Computer aided design; Chromium Alloys; chromium derivative; Denture, Partial, Removable; Tooth Preparation; Computer-Aided Design; 3D printing; removable partial denture; removable partial denture; CAD-CAM; Cobalt-chromium alloys; 3D comparison}, year = {2022}, eissn = {1879-176X} } @article{MTMT:33143643, title = {Additive or subtractive manufacturing of crown patterns used for pressing or casting: A trueness analysis}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33143643}, author = {Çakmak, G. and Donmez, M.B. and Cuellar, A.R. and Kahveci, Ç. and Schimmel, M. and Yilmaz, B.}, doi = {10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104221}, journal-iso = {J DENTISTRY}, journal = {JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY}, volume = {124}, unique-id = {33143643}, issn = {0300-5712}, abstract = {Objectives: To investigate the effect of subtractive and additive manufacturing techniques on the trueness of crown patterns used for pressing or casting. Material and methods: A complete-coverage mandibular right first molar crown was designed in standard tessellation language (STL) format. This STL served as the control (C-STL) and was used to fabricate 30 crown patterns in 3D-printed resin (PR, ProArt Print Wax), millable wax suitable for casting (BW, ProArt CAD Wax Blue), and millable wax suitable for pressing (YW, ProArt CAD Wax Yellow) (n = 10). Subtractively manufactured patterns were fabricated by using a 5-axis milling unit (PrograMill PM7), while 3D-printed patterns were fabricated by using a digital light processing-based 3D printer (PrograPrint PR5; Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein). All fabricated patterns were digitized by using an intraoral scanner (CEREC Primescan SW 5.2) to generate test-STLs. C-STL and test-STLs were transferred into a 3D analysis software (Medit Link v 2.4.4). Trueness evaluation was performed at 4 different surfaces (external, intaglio with margin, marginal, and intaglio without margin) and for complete scan meshes (overall) by using the root mean square (RMS) method. Data were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests (α =.05). Results: RMS values varied significantly at all surfaces (P <.001), except for marginal surface (P =.151). PR had the highest RMS values at external surface (P ≤.007), intaglio surfaces (with (P ≤.003) and without margin (P ≤.005)), and overall (P ≤.01). No significant differences were observed between YW and BW (P ≥.223). Conclusion: Patterns fabricated by using subtractive manufacturing exhibited high trueness. The deviation values, in general, were small, particularly at intaglio and marginal surfaces; thus, clinical difference in crown-fit may be negligible using additive or subtractive technique. Clinical significance: The fit of definitive crowns may be similar when tested crown patterns are additively or subtractively manufactured. However, crowns fabricated by using tested 3D-printed resin patterns may require more chairside adjustments compared with those fabricated by using subtractively manufactured wax patterns. © 2022}, keywords = {Prosthesis Design; tooth crown; Molar; molar tooth; Computer aided design; Milling; Dental Prosthesis Design; Crowns; Computer-Aided Design; procedures; Trueness; 3D-printing; dental marginal adaptation; dental marginal adaptation; Resin pattern}, year = {2022}, eissn = {1879-176X} } @article{MTMT:33573893, title = {Trueness of crowns fabricated by using additively and subtractively manufactured resin-based CAD-CAM materials}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33573893}, author = {Çakmak, G. and Rusa, A.M. and Donmez, M.B. and Akay, C. and Kahveci, Ç. and Schimmel, M. and Yilmaz, B.}, doi = {10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.10.012}, journal-iso = {J PROSTHET DENT}, journal = {JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY}, unique-id = {33573893}, issn = {0022-3913}, abstract = {Statement of problem: Advancements in digital dental technologies have enabled the use of different resin-based materials that can be fabricated either additively or subtractively. However, knowledge on the fabrication trueness of these materials is scarce. Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the trueness of crowns fabricated by using different resin-based computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) materials. Material and methods: A complete crown for a mandibular right first molar with a 30-μm cement space was designed in standard tessellation language (STL) format. This master STL (MC-STL) was used to fabricate 40 complete crowns with 4 different resin-based CAD-CAM materials and either additive (Crowntec [MS]) or subtractive techniques (Brilliant Crios [BC], breCAM.monoCOM [PMMA], and G-CAM [GR]; n=10). All crowns were digitized with an intraoral scanner (CEREC Primescan SW 5.2) to generate their STL files (TC-STLs). MC-STL and TC-STLs were transferred into a 3-dimensional analysis software program (Medit Link v2.4.4), and a trueness (overall, external, occlusal, intaglio occlusal, and marginal) analysis was performed by using the root mean square (RMS) method. The Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests were performed to analyze data (α=.05). Results: The test groups had significantly different deviations on all surfaces (P≤.001). MS crowns had higher overall (P≤.007) and external surface (P≤.001) deviations than GR and PMMA crowns, while the differences between GR and PMMA crowns were not significant (P≥.441). BC crowns had higher external surface deviations than GR crowns (P=.005), higher occlusal deviations than GR and MS crowns (P≤.007), and higher intaglio occlusal deviations than GR and MS crowns (P≤.009). However, BC crowns had lower marginal deviations than MS and GR crowns (P≤.018). Conclusions: The brand of resin-based CAD-CAM materials affected the trueness of crowns. Additively manufactured crowns (MS) mostly had lower overall and external surface trueness than the other groups. Nevertheless, the deviation values of occlusal, intaglio occlusal, and marginal trueness were generally small; thus, the effect of the tested materials on clinical crown fit may be negligible. © 2022 Editorial Council for the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry}, year = {2022}, eissn = {1097-6841} } @article{MTMT:32910556, title = {Comparison of measured deviations in digital implant scans depending on software and operator}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/32910556}, author = {Cakmak, Gulce and Marques, Vinicius Rizzo and Donmez, Mustafa Borga and Lu, Wei-En and Abou-Ayash, Samir and Yilmaz, Burak}, doi = {10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104154}, journal-iso = {J DENTISTRY}, journal = {JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY}, volume = {122}, unique-id = {32910556}, issn = {0300-5712}, abstract = {Objectives: To investigate the effect of 3-dimensional (3D) analysis software and operator on the measured deviations in implant scans. Material and Methods: A combined healing abutment-scan body (CHA-SB) system was digitized with an industrial scanner (ATOS Core 80) to generate a master standard tessellation language file (MRM-STL) and an intraoral scanner (TRIOS 3) to generate 9 test-scan STL files, which were transferred into metrology-grade (Geomagic Control X, GX and GOM Inspect, GM) and nonmetrology-grade (Medit Link, ML) software for deviation analysis. Test-scan STLs were superimposed over MRM-STL and 2 planes passing through the center of the SB were generated. Distance deviations at 8 points on these planes were analyzed by two different operators with similar level of experience. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance and F tests (alpha=.05).Results: Only model 1 (P=.049) analyzed by operator 2 showed significant differences among tested software, and the highest deviations were measured with GM (P<.037). However, the difference in values measured with GX and ML was nonsignificant (P=.91). Operator correlation was high (ICC >=.712, P<.011), except for models 1 (GM, ICC=-.335, P=.813), 2 (GM, ICC=.025, P=.468 and ML, ICC=-.013, P=.507), 6 (GM, ICC=-.085, P=.583), and 8 (GM, ICC=-.386, P=.85).Conclusion: The measured deviations in implant scans in all models, except for one, were similar among the tested software, regardless of the operator. The inter-rater reliability of operators while using tested 3D analysis software was overall high. When observed, low inter-rater reliability was mostly with only one of the metrology grade software.Clinical Significance: Nonmetrology-grade 3D analysis software may be a suitable alternative to metrology-grade software to measure the deviations in digital implant scan body scans. When GOM metrology-software is used, measured deviations in implant scan body scans may vary more across operators.}, keywords = {Software; accuracy; implant; deviation; Scanbody}, year = {2022}, eissn = {1879-176X}, orcid-numbers = {Donmez, Mustafa Borga/0000-0002-3094-7487} } @article{MTMT:34515272, title = {A review on the ceramic additive manufacturing technologies and availability of equipment and materials}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34515272}, author = {Camargo, I. L. de and Fortulan, C. A. and Colorado, H. A.}, doi = {10.1590/0366-69132022683873331}, journal-iso = {CERAMICA}, journal = {CERAMICA}, volume = {68}, unique-id = {34515272}, issn = {0366-6913}, abstract = {Abstract Ceramic additive manufacturing allows the fabrication of small series of complex parts without the high costs of molds usually associated with traditional ceramic processing. Although research into ceramic 3D printing by all technologies started back in the 90s, its industrial application is still quite restricted when compared to polymers and metals, which is related to the limited availability and costs of equipment and materials for such applications. This review examined the advantages and limitations of each process (binder jetting, direct ink writing, directed energy deposition, fused deposition, material jetting, selective laser sintering, selective laser melting, and vat photopolymerization), discussing their particularities. It also summarized the commercially available 3D printers and raw materials for ceramic processing, pointing out to trends and challenges of each technology.}, year = {2022}, eissn = {1678-4553}, pages = {329-347} } @article{MTMT:32910557, title = {Triangular mesh reduction of digitized maxillectomy defects for prosthetic rehabilitation: A 3D deviation study}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/32910557}, author = {Elbashti, Mahmoud E. and Aswehlee, Amel and Rahman, Marwa Abdel and Sumita, Yuka I. and Bornstein, Michael M. and Schimmel, Martin and Abou-Ayash, Samir and Molinero-Mourelle, Pedro}, doi = {10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104090}, journal-iso = {J DENTISTRY}, journal = {JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY}, volume = {122}, unique-id = {32910557}, issn = {0300-5712}, abstract = {Objectives: To evaluate the effect of triangular mesh reduction on the trueness of digitized complete-arch dentate and edentulous maxillectomy defects models. Material and Methods: Twenty gypsum maxillectomy defect models (dentate and edentulous group: n = 10) were digitized using the Trios 3 intraoral scanner, scanning the teeth, mucosa and maxillectomy defect. These datasets (reference, R0) were saved as standard tessellation language (STL) files, and triangular mesh reduction was performed using the Meshmixer reduction tool. Digital test-datasets with file sizes reduced by 50%(R1), 75%(R2), and 90%(R3) were generated (each: n = 20). Each test-dataset was compared to the R0 file using a 3D evaluation software (GOM Inspect), applying automated pre-alignment followed by a best-fit alignment, and root mean square (RMS) 3-dimensional (3D) deviations were calculated. Statistical analyses were performed, at a level of significance of alpha=0.05. Results: The number of triangles, and STL file size were synchronized with each other and inversely proportional to the amount of mesh reduction. The resulting mean percentages of the STL file sizes were 50.00% for R1, 24.93% for R2, and 10.00% for R3. There were no 3D deviations at 50% triangular mesh reduction. The 3D deviations increased with the amount of mesh reduction: at 75% reduction the median deviations were lower (dentate:0.0016 mm, IQR:0.0015-0.0018; edentulous:0.0016 mm, IQR:0.0015-0.0016), than at 90% (dentate:0.004 mm, IQR:0.0038-0.0041; edentulous:0.003 mm, IQR:0.0036-0.0039). A statistically significant increase in 3D deviations was observed with higher degrees of mesh reduction (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Triangular mesh reduction results in a significant increase in 3D deviations if the reduction is more than 75%. Clinical Significance: Digital models of patients with maxillectomy defects can be saved with a mesh reduction of 50% without affecting the trueness. The use of a 50% mesh reduction decreases the required storage capacity by 50%.}, keywords = {FABRICATION; accuracy; FEASIBILITY; Trueness; Impression; maxillectomy; Triangular mesh reduction; 3D deviation; OBTURATOR PROSTHESIS}, year = {2022}, eissn = {1879-176X}, orcid-numbers = {Elbashti, Mahmoud E./0000-0002-0215-5335; Schimmel, Martin/0000-0001-9700-5534; Molinero-Mourelle, Pedro/0000-0001-5493-0295} } @article{MTMT:32910561, title = {Evaluation of intaglio surface trueness, wear, and fracture resistance of zirconia crown under simulated mastication: a comparative analysis between subtractive and additive manufacturing}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/32910561}, author = {Kim, Yong-Kyu and Han, Jung-Suk and Yoon, Hyung-In}, doi = {10.4047/jap.2022.14.2.122}, journal-iso = {J ADV PROSTHODONT}, journal = {JOURNAL OF ADVANCED PROSTHODONTICS}, volume = {14}, unique-id = {32910561}, issn = {2005-7806}, abstract = {PURPOSE. This in-vitro analysis aimed to compare the intaglio trueness, the antagonist???s wear volume loss, and fracture load of various single-unit zirconia prostheses fabricated by different manufacturing techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Zirconia crowns were prepared into four different groups (n = 14 per group) according to the manufacturing techniques and generations of the materials. The intaglio surface trueness (root-mean-square estimates, RMS) of the crown was measured at the marginal, axial, occlusal, and inner surface areas. Half of the specimens were artificially aged in the chewing simulator with 120,000 cycles, and the antagonist???s volume loss after aging was calculated. The fracture load for each crown group was measured before and after hydrothermal aging. The intaglio trueness was evaluated with Welch???s ANOVA and the antagonist???s volume loss was assessed by the Kruskal-Wallis tests. The effects of manufacturing and aging on the fracture resistance of the tested zirconia crowns were determined by two-way ANOVA. RESULTS. The trueness analysis of the crown intaglio surfaces showed surface deviation (RMS) within 50 ??m, regardless of the manufacturing methods (P = .053). After simulated mastication, no significant differences in the volume loss of the antagonists were observed among the zirconia groups (P = .946). The manufacturing methods and simulated chewing had statistically significant effects on the fracture resistance (P < .001). CONCLUSION. The intaglio surface trueness, fracture resistance, and antagonist???s wear volume of the additively manufactured 3Y-TZP crown were clinically acceptable, as compared with those of the 4Y-or 5Y-PSZ crowns produced by subtractive milling. [J Adv Prosthodont 2022;14:122-32]}, keywords = {ADAPTATION; CERAMICS; FUTURE; Zirconia; Flexural strength; Fracture resistance; Additive manufacturing; Subtractive manufacturing; monolithic zirconia; Intaglio surface trueness; Antagonist wear}, year = {2022}, eissn = {2005-7814}, pages = {122-132}, orcid-numbers = {Kim, Yong-Kyu/0000-0002-7405-8753; Yoon, Hyung-In/0000-0002-9597-6342} } @article{MTMT:32554934, title = {Accuracy of commercial 3D printers for the fabrication of surgical guides in dental implantology}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/32554934}, author = {Rouzé, l'Alzit F. and Cade, R. and Naveau, A. and Babilotte, J. and Meglioli, M. and Catros, S.}, doi = {10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103909}, journal-iso = {J DENTISTRY}, journal = {JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY}, volume = {117}, unique-id = {32554934}, issn = {0300-5712}, year = {2022}, eissn = {1879-176X} } @article{MTMT:32910559, title = {Efficient cleaning of ceramic green bodies with complex architectures fabricated by stereolithography-based additive manufacturing via high viscoelastic paste}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/32910559}, author = {Xing, Zhanwen and Zhou, Hongzhi and Liu, Weiwei and Nie, Jianbin and Chen, Yao and Li, Wenli}, doi = {10.1016/j.addma.2022.102809}, journal-iso = {ADDIT MANUFACT}, journal = {ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING}, volume = {55}, unique-id = {32910559}, issn = {2214-8604}, abstract = {Complete removal of uncured ceramic paste from the surface of a green body with complex profiles fabricated by stereolithography-based additive manufacturing is critical to the ultimate achievement of the designed 3D part with high definition and ideal surface roughness. The present work provided a novel cleaning strategy for the design of cleaning agents on the basis of competitive absorption of viscosity-reducing dispersants on the surface of ceramic particles within viscoelastic pastes. In combination with cleaning agent design and auxiliary cleaning equipment, distinct dispersants were selected to enhance the flowability of the uncured paste during the ultra-sonic cleaning and spraying processes. The morphology and reconstruction characteristics of specific structures illustrated the advantages and disadvantages of the two cleaning methods. The cleaning effect for small holes by ultrasonic cleaning was superior, but the structural damage of the green body was more serious. After spray cleaning, the surface roughness was lower with less damage to the green body, and there was less residual paste after cleaning. The results demonstrated that the selection of a cleaning strategy was beneficial to posttreatment of stereolithography-fabricated ceramic green bodies, achieving subsequent superior surface quality and accu-racy of the internal feature size.}, keywords = {SCAFFOLDS; cleaning; plasticizer; stereolithography; Engineering, Manufacturing; Ceramic paste; Green body}, year = {2022}, eissn = {2214-7810} } @article{MTMT:32729017, title = {Influence of 3D analysis software on measured deviations of CAD-CAM resin crowns from virtual design file: An in-vitro study}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/32729017}, author = {Yilmaz, Burak and Marques, Vinicius Rizzo and Donmez, Mustafa Borga and Rodriguez, Cuellar Alfonso and Lu, Wei-En and Abou-Ayash, Samir and Cakmak, Gulce}, doi = {10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103933}, journal-iso = {J DENTISTRY}, journal = {JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY}, volume = {118}, unique-id = {32729017}, issn = {0300-5712}, abstract = {Objectives: To evaluate a nonmetrology-grade and a metrology-grade 3D analysis software when measuring the deviations of computer-aided-design/ computer-aided-manufacturing (CAD-CAM) fabricated crowns from the virtual design file. Materials and methods: A right first molar on a mandibular dentate model was prepared and scanned with an intraoral scanner, i500 (Medit). A complete coverage crown was designed in standard tessellation language (STL) format and 20 resin crowns were fabricated with CAD-CAM. The crowns were then digitized using the same intraoral scanner (test-scans). Root mean square (RMS) method was used to evaluate the deviations between the test-scans and the design file of the crowns on 3 surfaces (overall, external, and internal) using a metrology-grade, Geomagic Control X (3D Systems) and a nonmetrology-grade, Medit Link (Medit) software. The data were analyzed with Welch two-sample t-tests to compare two software for the non-inferiority of the nonmetrology-grade software with a 50 mu m threshold and the potential superiority of the metrology-grade software (alpha = 0.05). Results: The Welch two-sample t-tests for the non-inferiority analysis showed that the differences between the nonmetrology-grade and the metrology-grade software were below the threshold of 50 mu m for each surface tested (p <0.001). The differences between the two-tested software were nonsignificant for each surface analyzed when superiority was considered (p >=.194). Conclusion: The nonmetrology-grade software performed similar to the metrology-grade software when analyzing the deviations of CAD-CAM crowns. Therefore, the nonmetrology-grade 3D analysis software may be considered for the deviation measurements of similar restorations. Clinical significance: The trueness of crowns after fabrication may affect their fit, and 3D analysis of trueness prior to the delivery appointment with the tested nonmetrology-grade software after fabrication may facilitate potential clinical adjustments and delivery of the crowns.}, keywords = {3D analysis; RESTORATIONS; deviation; Nonmetrology-grade software}, year = {2022}, eissn = {1879-176X}, orcid-numbers = {Donmez, Mustafa Borga/0000-0002-3094-7487; Cakmak, Gulce/0000-0003-1751-9207} } @article{MTMT:32499750, title = {Effect of printing layer thickness on the trueness and margin quality of 3d-printed interim dental crowns}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/32499750}, author = {Çakmak, G. and Cuellar, A.R. and Donmez, M.B. and Schimmel, M. and Abou-Ayash, S. and Lu, W.-E. and Yilmaz, B.}, doi = {10.3390/app11199246}, journal-iso = {APPL SCI-BASEL}, journal = {APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL}, volume = {11}, unique-id = {32499750}, abstract = {The information in the literature on the effect of printing layer thickness on interim 3D-printed crowns is limited. In the present study, the effect of layer thickness on the trueness and margin quality of 3D-printed composite resin crowns was investigated and compared with milled crowns. The crowns were printed in 3 different layer thicknesses (20, 50, and 100 µm) by using a hybrid resin based on acrylic esters with inorganic microfillers or milled from polymethylmethacry-late (PMMA) discs and digitized with an intraoral scanner (test scans). The compare tool of the 3D analysis software was used to superimpose the test scans and the computer-aided design file by using the manual alignment tool and to virtually separate the surfaces. Deviations at different surfaces on crowns were calculated by using root mean square (RMS). Margin quality of crowns was examined under a stereomicroscope and graded. The data were evaluated with one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests. The layer thickness affected the trueness and margin quality of 3D-printed interim crowns. Milled crowns had higher trueness on intaglio and intaglio occlusal surfaces than 100 µm-layer thickness crowns. Milled crowns had the highest margin quality, while 20 µm and 100 µm layer thickness printed crowns had the lowest. The quality varied depending on the location of the margin. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.}, keywords = {accuracy; Layer thickness; 3D printing; Additive manufacturing; Trueness; Interim crowns; Margin quality; Provisional crowns}, year = {2021}, eissn = {2076-3417} }