TY - JOUR AU - Yu, S. AU - Luo, F. AU - Xu, Y. AU - Zhang, Y. AU - Jin, L.H. TI - Drosophila Innate Immunity Involves Multiple Signaling Pathways and Coordinated Communication Between Different Tissues JF - FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY J2 - FRONT IMMUNOL VL - 13 PY - 2022 PG - 23 SN - 1664-3224 DO - 10.3389/fimmu.2022.905370 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33041863 ID - 33041863 N1 - Export Date: 8 August 2022 AB - The innate immune response provides the first line of defense against invading pathogens, and immune disorders cause a variety of diseases. The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster employs multiple innate immune reactions to resist infection. First, epithelial tissues function as physical barriers to prevent pathogen invasion. In addition, macrophage-like plasmatocytes eliminate intruders through phagocytosis, and lamellocytes encapsulate large particles, such as wasp eggs, that cannot be phagocytosed. Regarding humoral immune responses, the fat body, equivalent to the mammalian liver, secretes antimicrobial peptides into hemolymph, killing bacteria and fungi. Drosophila has been shown to be a powerful in vivo model for studying the mechanism of innate immunity and host-pathogen interactions because Drosophila and higher organisms share conserved signaling pathways and factors. Moreover, the ease with which Drosophila genetic and physiological characteristics can be manipulated prevents interference by adaptive immunity. In this review, we discuss the signaling pathways activated in Drosophila innate immunity, namely, the Toll, Imd, JNK, JAK/STAT pathways, and other factors, as well as relevant regulatory networks. We also review the mechanisms by which different tissues, including hemocytes, the fat body, the lymph gland, muscles, the gut and the brain coordinate innate immune responses. Furthermore, the latest studies in this field are outlined in this review. In summary, understanding the mechanism underlying innate immunity orchestration in Drosophila will help us better study human innate immunity-related diseases. Copyright © 2022 Yu, Luo, Xu, Zhang and Jin. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Balog, József Ágoston AU - Honti, Viktor AU - Kurucz, Judit Éva AU - Kari, Beáta AU - Puskás, László AU - Andó, István AU - Szebeni, Gábor TI - Immunoprofiling of Drosophila Hemocytes by Single-cell Mass Cytometry JF - GENOMICS PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS J2 - GENOM PROTEOM BIOINF VL - 19 PY - 2021 IS - 2 SP - 243 EP - 252 PG - 10 SN - 1672-0229 DO - 10.1016/j.gpb.2020.06.022 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/31940120 ID - 31940120 N1 - Funding Agency and Grant Number: National Research, Development and Innovation Office, HungaryNational Research, Development & Innovation Office (NRDIO) - Hungary [GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00001, GINOP-2.3.2-152016-00030, GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00035, NKFI NN118207, NKFI K120142, NKFI 120140, OTKA K-131484]; New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Innovation and Technology, Hungary [UNKP-19-4-SZTE-36]; Janos Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of SciencesHungarian Academy of Sciences [BO/00139/17/8] Funding text: This work was supported by the grants from the National Research, Development and Innovation Office, Hungary (Grant Nos. GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00001, GINOP-2.3.2-152016-00030 to LGP, GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00035 to E ' K, NKFI NN118207 and NKFI K120142 to IA, NKFI 120140 to E ' K, and OTKA K-131484 to VH). Ga ' bor J. Szebeni was supported by the New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Innovation and Technology, Hungary (Grant No. UNKP-19-4-SZTE-36) and by the Ja ' nos Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Grant No. BO/00139/17/8). We are grateful to Mrs. Olga Kovalcsik for the technical help. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Luo, Fangzhou AU - Yu, Shichao AU - Jin, Li Hua TI - The Posterior Signaling Center Is an Important Microenvironment for Homeostasis of the Drosophila Lymph Gland JF - FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY J2 - FRONT CELL DEV BIOL VL - 8 PY - 2020 PG - 15 SN - 2296-634X DO - 10.3389/fcell.2020.00382 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/31469409 ID - 31469409 N1 - Cited By :3 Export Date: 19 January 2022 Correspondence Address: Jin, L.H.; Department of Genetics, China; email: lhjin2000@hotmail.com AB - Hematopoiesis is a necessary process for development and immune defense in Drosophila from the embryonic period to adulthood. There are two main stages in this process: the first stage occurs in the head mesoderm during the embryonic stage, and the second occurs in a specialized hematopoietic organ along the dorsal vessel, the lymph gland, during the larval stage. The lymph gland consists of paired lobes, each of which has distinct regions: the cortical zone (CZ), which contains mature hemocytes; the medullary zone (MZ), which contains hematopoietic progenitors; and the posterior signaling center (PSC), which specifically expresses the early B-cell factor (EBF) transcription factor Collier (Col) and the HOX factor Antennapedia (Antp) to form a microenvironment similar to that of the mammalian bone marrow hematopoietic stem cell niche. The PSC plays a key role in regulating hematopoietic progenitor differentiation. Moreover, the PSC contributes to the cellular immune response to wasp parasitism triggered by elevated ROS levels. Two recent studies have revealed that hematopoietic progenitor maintenance is directly regulated by Col expressed in the MZ and is independent of the PSC, challenging the traditional model. In this review, we summarize the regulatory networks of PSC cell proliferation, the controversy regarding PSC-mediated regulation of hematopoietic progenitor differentiation, and the wasp egg infection response. In addition, we discuss why the PSC is an ideal model for investigating mammalian hematopoietic stem cell niches and leukemia. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Yoon, June-Sun AU - Tian, Hong-gang AU - McMullen, John G. II AU - Chung, Seung Ho AU - Douglas, Angela E. TI - Candidate genetic determinants of intraspecific variation in pea aphid susceptibility to RNA interference JF - INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY J2 - INSECT BIOCHEM MOLEC VL - 123 PY - 2020 PG - 8 SN - 0965-1748 DO - 10.1016/j.ibmb.2020.103408 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/31692738 ID - 31692738 AB - RNA interference (RNAi) plays a key role in insect defense against viruses and transposable elements, and it is being applied as an experimental tool and for insect pest control. However, RNAi efficiency is highly variable for some insects, notably the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum. In this study, we used natural variation in RNAi susceptibility of pea aphids to identify genes that influence RNAi efficiency. Susceptibility to orally-delivered dsRNA against the gut aquaporin gene AQP1 (ds-AQP1) varied widely across a panel of 83 pea aphid genotypes, from zero to total mortality. Genome-wide association between aphid performance on ds-AQP1 supplemented diet and aphid genetic variants yielded 103 significantly associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), including variants in 55 genes, at the 10-4 probability cut-off. When ds-AQP1 was co-administered with dsRNA against six candidate genes, aphid mortality was reduced for three (50%) genes: the orthologs of the Drosophila genes trachealess (CG42865), headcase (CG15532) and a gene coding a peritrophin-A domain (CG8192), indicating that these genes function to promote RNAi efficiency against AQP1 in the pea aphid. Aphid susceptibility (quantified as mortality) to ds-AQP1 was correlated with RNAi against a further gene, snakeskin with essential gut function unrelated to AQP1, for some but not all aphid genotypes tested, suggesting that the determinants of RNAi efficiency may be partly gene-specific. This study demonstrates high levels of natural variation in susceptibility to RNAi and demonstrates the value of harnessing this variation to identify genes influencing RNAi efficiency. LA - English DB - MTMT ER -