@article{MTMT:34293412,
	title = {Developing linkages between technology-intensive exports and GVC participation. a perspective from India and G20 countries},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34293412},
	author = {Arora, Kashika},
	doi = {10.1080/02692171.2023.2268548},
	journal-iso = {INT REV APPL ECON},
	journal = {INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF APPLIED ECONOMICS},
	volume = {37},
	unique-id = {34293412},
	issn = {0269-2171},
	abstract = {The G20, representing the world's major developed and developing countries, is experiencing a unique situation with a troika of developing countries - Indonesia, India, and Brazil - holding significant positions for the first time. India, holding the G20 presidency, has a unique opportunity to strengthen its ties while assuming the responsibility of leading the world towards economic recovery. To understand India's priorities regarding trade and supply chain resilience within the G20, it is essential to examine the background of India's trade relationships with G20 member countries. This paper explores the connection between technology-intensive exports and global value chain (GVC) participation for the period 1995 to 2018 using advanced time-series analysis. The results point towards the importance of forward linkages for India's exports of both high and low-tech exports and the backward linkage for medium-tech exports. The results show a connection between technological capabilities and exports to G20 nations through India's participation in the GVC. In light of these findings, the paper offers guidance for the development of timely and well-informed sector-specific strategies.},
	keywords = {FDI; G20 countries; R&D expenditure; high-tech exports; GVC participation; ARDL co-integration},
	year = {2024},
	eissn = {1465-3486},
	pages = {804-827}
}

@article{MTMT:34293415,
	title = {Exchange rate expectations and exports. Firm-level evidence from China},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34293415},
	author = {Bao, Xiaohua and Huang, Hailiang and Qiu, Larry D. and Wang, Xiaozhuo},
	doi = {10.1111/roie.12709},
	journal-iso = {REV INT ECON},
	journal = {REVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS},
	volume = {32},
	unique-id = {34293415},
	issn = {0965-7576},
	abstract = {The notion that the exchange rate affects exports is well understood. However, whether exporters respond to the expectations of the exchange rate is unknown. Hence, in this study, we construct a measure of exchange rate expectations based on news articles from the Factiva database. We use machine learning to identify and classify news articles about the appreciation of the renminbi (RMB, Chinese currency). Our empirical estimation shows that from 2000 to 2006, Chinese firms reduced their exports in response to a higher expectation of RMB appreciation. They switched their sales from export to domestic markets. The responses are larger in low-productivity firms, state-owned enterprises, processing trade, and final goods trade.},
	keywords = {Exports; exchange rate expectation; RMB appreciation},
	year = {2024},
	eissn = {1467-9396},
	pages = {635-661}
}

@article{MTMT:34293429,
	title = {The Global Financial Crisis and China's Export in Belt and Road Countries. An Analysis Using Product-Level Data},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34293429},
	author = {Cheng, Jiajia and Yu, Zhuangxiong and Mukhopadhaya, Pundarik and Yang, Yang},
	doi = {10.1080/1540496X.2023.2213378},
	journal-iso = {EMERG MARK FINANC TR},
	journal = {EMERGING MARKETS FINANCE AND TRADE},
	volume = {60},
	unique-id = {34293429},
	issn = {1540-496X},
	abstract = {Using SITC-3 product-level data from the CEPII-BACI database, we find that the share of imports from China by countries in the one-belt region slowed down significantly after the global financial crisis (GFC) in 2008, which predates the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), while there was no slowdown in the one-road region. Analysis using the difference-in-differences (DID) method reveals that the GFC inhibited China's export to countries in the one-belt region and this effect has become stronger over time. This conclusion remains robust for other control groups over various time segment points and different product dimensions. Further analysis shows that the slowdown of China's export expansion in landlocked countries, and in Europe, and the Middle East is the main contributing factor to the post-crisis slowdown in Chinese exports in the one-belt countries. Mechanism analysis shows that shrinkage in the geographical import networks of the one-belt countries, which has been aggravated by countries' concentration of import sources and relative trade proximity with China, explains the slowdown in general. Heterogeneous analyses reveal that after the GFC, the share of imports from China fell least in primary and resource-based products, then in medium-tech and high-tech products, and fell most in low-tech products.},
	keywords = {global financial crisis; Belt and Road Initiative; trade networks; the Belt and Road},
	year = {2024},
	eissn = {1558-0938},
	pages = {217-232},
	orcid-numbers = {Yu, Zhuangxiong/0000-0003-1557-0930; Mukhopadhaya, Pundarik/0000-0002-7052-4606; Yang, Yang/0000-0002-0056-4186}
}

@article{MTMT:34293426,
	title = {Digital intensity, trade costs and exports' quality upgrading},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34293426},
	author = {Chiappini, Raphael and Gaglio, Cyrielle},
	doi = {10.1111/twec.13448},
	journal-iso = {WORLD ECON},
	journal = {WORLD ECONOMY},
	volume = {47},
	unique-id = {34293426},
	issn = {0378-5920},
	abstract = {This paper studies the relationships between digitalisation, trade costs, quality upgrading and trade flows, using an extended version of a gravity model. Based on information from various sources of data, we estimate these relationships sequentially for a sample of 18 manufacturing and 14 service sectors in 40 countries over the period 2000-2014. Using input-output tables from World Input-Output Database, we define an original measure of digitalisation at the country-sector level that reflects the use of digital inputs into a country's production function. Using trade databases from the CEPII and OECD, we estimate a series of gravity models of trade augmented with this measure of digitalisation. Our results show that sectoral digital intensity positively affects sectoral exports. We provide evidence that this result is not ruled out by other possible factors, such as internet adoption or participation in a global value chain. A heterogeneous analysis also reveals that the effect of digital intensity is stronger for manufacturing trade and for trade between emerging economies. We explore two possible mechanisms explaining this positive relationship. First, we find that digital intensity facilitates trade between countries by reducing communication and transport costs. Second, we show that digital intensity improves the quality of exported products.},
	keywords = {Gravity model; trade costs; trade flows; digital intensity; export upgrading},
	year = {2024},
	eissn = {1467-9701},
	pages = {709-747},
	orcid-numbers = {Chiappini, Raphael/0000-0003-4819-8792}
}

@article{MTMT:34616197,
	title = {On the Role of Import Intermediaries in Canada},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34616197},
	author = {Fung, Loretta and Schmitt, Nicolas},
	doi = {10.3138/cpp.2022-079},
	journal-iso = {CAN PUBLIC POL},
	journal = {CANADIAN PUBLIC POLICY-ANALYSE DE POLITIQUES},
	volume = {50},
	unique-id = {34616197},
	issn = {0317-0861},
	abstract = {Cet article etudie de maniere empirique le role des intermediaires dans le secteur de l'importation au Canada et examine la maniere dont les politiques publiques peuvent les affecter. Entre autres resultats notables de l'etude, il se degage que les intermediaires jouent un role tres different de celui des fabricants et des detaillants en ce qui concerne les produits differencies et complexes, mais que leur role est qualitativement le meme dans les pays de l'Accord de libre-echange nord-americain (ALeNA) et dans les pays hors ALeNA, et que la part des importations des intermediaires est toujours stimulee par une masse plus importante de petits fabricants et detaillants nationaux. Ces resultats laissent a penser que les grossistes importateurs jouent un role important dans l'economie canadienne, en particulier en ce qui concerne les fabricants nationaux, et que les decideurs politiques devraient etre attentifs a l'incidence des politiques sur ce secteur.This article empirically investigates the role of import intermediaries in Canada and discusses how public policies can affect them. Among the main results is that intermediaries are shown to play a very different role with respect to manufacturers and retailers regarding differentiated and complex products, but their role is qualitatively the same across North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and non-NAFTA countries, and the share of intermediaries' imports is always boosted by a greater mass of small domestic manufacturers and retailers. These results suggest that import wholesalers play an important role in the Canadian economy, especially with respect to domestic manufacturers, and that policy-makers should be mindful of policy impacts on this sector.},
	keywords = {importations; grossistes; fabricants; detaillants; differenciation du produit},
	year = {2024},
	eissn = {1911-9917},
	pages = {87-107}
}

@article{MTMT:34616201,
	title = {FDI deregulation and firm innovation: Evidence from firm patents},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34616201},
	author = {Gao, Yunshu and Yin, Sisi and Ferrett, Ben and Gao, Bo},
	doi = {10.1016/j.chieco.2023.102060},
	journal-iso = {CHINA ECON REV},
	journal = {CHINA ECONOMIC REVIEW},
	volume = {83},
	unique-id = {34616201},
	issn = {1043-951X},
	abstract = {This paper studies whether inward FDI deregulation promotes innovation by firms in the host country. A theoretical framework, in which the entry of additional foreign firms is associated with both spillover and competition effects, is built to guide the empirical evaluation. Exploiting data on Chinese firm-level patents in a difference-in-differences setting, this paper finds a positive and significant impact of FDI deregulation on firm innovation. Moreover, we find that FDI deregulation had a heterogeneous effect on firms: the impact was prominent on firms with high productivity while being insignificant on firms with low productivity.},
	keywords = {firm heterogeneity; firm innovation; vertical linkages; FDI deregulation},
	year = {2024},
	eissn = {1873-7781}
}

@article{MTMT:34616206,
	title = {The dynamics of importer-exporter connections},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34616206},
	author = {Gimenez-Perales, Victor},
	doi = {10.1016/j.euroecorev.2023.104638},
	journal-iso = {EUR ECON REV},
	journal = {EUROPEAN ECONOMIC REVIEW},
	volume = {161},
	unique-id = {34616206},
	issn = {0014-2921},
	abstract = {This paper studies the dynamics of importer-exporter connections when importers source inputs from multiple exporters. I first develop a trade model in which heterogeneous importers invest in expanding the set of potential exporters they know and from which they can source. The model delivers three novel predictions. The lower the degree of substitutability among final goods and the higher the degree of substitutability among inputs of an importer: (i) the lower the growth rate in importer's connections, (ii) the more likely are connections to be discontinued, and (iii) the lower the trade value growth per surviving connection. I then provide evidence in favor of these predictions by using customs transaction data from Colombia. Finally, I show that the mechanism unveiled in this paper matters for the heterogeneity of the trade adjustment to macroeconomic shocks across sectors.},
	keywords = {SURVIVAL; CONNECTIONS; dynamic model; importers},
	year = {2024},
	eissn = {1873-572X},
	orcid-numbers = {Gimenez-Perales, Victor/0000-0003-4886-1355}
}

@article{MTMT:34779144,
	title = {When Tariffs Disrupt Global Supply Chains},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34779144},
	author = {Grossman, Gene M. and Helpman, Elhanan and Redding, Stephen J.},
	doi = {10.1257/aer.20211519},
	journal-iso = {AM ECON REV},
	journal = {AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW},
	volume = {114},
	unique-id = {34779144},
	issn = {0002-8282},
	abstract = {We study unanticipated tariffs in a setting with firm-to-firm supply relationships. Firms conduct costly searches and negotiate with potential suppliers that pass a reservation level of match productivity. Global supply chains form in anticipation of free trade. Then, the home government surprises with an input tariff. This can lead to renegotiation with initial suppliers or search for replacements. Calibrating the model’s parameters to match initial import shares and the estimated responses to the US tariffs imposed on China, we find an overall welfare loss of 0.12 percent of GDP, with substantial contributions from changes in input sourcing and search costs. (JEL D72, F13, F14, L14, O19, P33)},
	year = {2024},
	eissn = {1944-7981},
	pages = {988-1029}
}

@article{MTMT:34616199,
	title = {Free trade agreements (FTAs) and export structures: evidence from Thailand},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34616199},
	author = {Jongwanich, Juthathip},
	doi = {10.1080/13547860.2023.2300584},
	journal-iso = {J ASIA PAC ECON},
	journal = {JOURNAL OF THE ASIA PACIFIC ECONOMY},
	unique-id = {34616199},
	issn = {1354-7860},
	abstract = {This study aims to investigate the role of (in-effect) FTAs in influencing export structures, defined as intensive margin, extensive margin (products and markets) and sophistication at product level using Thailand's FTA-partner countries as a case study during 2006-2020. The results show that FTAs tended to generate favorable impacts in enhancing export structures in Thailand, except the extensive margin in terms of new products. The preferential treatments noticeably expanded (existing) export products of Thailand into the FTA-partner countries (the extensive margin in terms of markets) and helped maintain traditional products exporting into these countries. Impacts of FTAs in improving the intensive and extensive margins were pronounced in Middle-income partners and in manufacturing products. ASEAN and China were export destinations where FTAs driven the intensive and extensive margins (markets) played a noticeable role. Importance of AFTA and ASEAN-China FTA was also observed when export sophistication is concerned. Imports through FTAs only helped enhance export sophistication.},
	keywords = {F14; Export sophistication; O53; F15; export margins; O03; FTAs},
	year = {2024},
	eissn = {1469-9648}
}

@article{MTMT:33248731,
	title = {The influence of subnational corruption on the conversion of foreign proprietorship. Stumbling block or lubricant? Evidence from Sino-foreign joint ventures},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33248731},
	author = {Liu, Ting and Huang, Ye},
	doi = {10.1007/s10490-022-09841-w},
	journal-iso = {ASIA PAC J MANAG},
	journal = {ASIA PACIFIC JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT},
	volume = {41},
	unique-id = {33248731},
	issn = {0217-4561},
	abstract = {Existing research shows that subnational corruption can be used to expound the ownership choices of foreign firms entering a new foreign market. Yet, most studies either overlook the evolution of foreign firms' ownership structure after entering the host market, or mainly focus on the national level. This study investigates how subnational corruption affects the conversion of Sino-foreign joint ventures (JVs) into wholly foreign-owned enterprises (WFOEs) in China. In a sample of Sino-foreign JVs operating in China between 1998 and 2007, we find that the relationship between subnational corruption and the conversion of foreign proprietorship of Sino-foreign JVs is U-shaped. Furthermore, the U-shaped relationship between subnational corruption and the conversion of foreign proprietorship of JV is stronger when the JV is in a higher degree of marketization, while it is weaker when the local partner is a state-owned enterprise (SOE) rather than a privately owned enterprise (POE). Overall, our findings emphasize how subnational corruption shapes the dynamic ownership choices of foreign firms operating in the host market.},
	keywords = {marketization; Subnational corruption; Sino-foreign joint venture (JV); Foreign proprietorship; Local state ownership},
	year = {2024},
	eissn = {1572-9958},
	pages = {135-170}
}

@article{MTMT:34616202,
	title = {The effects of state-level foreign manufacturing imports on domestic inter-state and intra-state sales in the U.S.A},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34616202},
	author = {Paudel, Nawaraj S. and Lahiri, Sajal},
	doi = {10.1016/j.eap.2023.11.037},
	journal-iso = {ECON ANALYS POLICY},
	journal = {ECONOMIC ANALYSIS AND POLICY},
	volume = {81},
	unique-id = {34616202},
	issn = {0313-5926},
	abstract = {United States is the largest importer of goods in the world. Imports of capital goods, industrial machinery, and automotive parts account around 90 percent of total imports. Imports of intermediate inputs are often the catalyst for increased domestic economic growth. Using the well-known structural gravity model and Commodity Flow Survey (CFS) data on domestic trade in the United States for the years 1993, 1997, 2002, 2007, 2012 and 2017, we analyze the impact of foreign imports of manufacturing goods by the states on their domestic sales: both intra-state and inter-state sales. We find fairly strong support for our hypothesis that foreign imports by a state promote both sales to itself and to other states; but the effect is stronger for inter-state sales than to intra-state sales. We carry out a series of robustness checks, and the qualitative results remain the same. The results of this paper has important policy implications and suggest that elimination of the transaction costs in international trade are likely to have positive effect on the U.S. economy.},
	keywords = {Gravity model; Domestic trade; U.S.A; Foreign imports; Linder's hypothesis},
	year = {2024},
	eissn = {0313-5926},
	pages = {297-305}
}

@article{MTMT:34616196,
	title = {To diversify or not? The link between global sourcing of ICT goods and firm performance},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34616196},
	author = {Schiersch, Alexander and Bertschek, Irene and Niebel, Thomas},
	doi = {10.1080/10438599.2024.2309675},
	journal-iso = {ECON INNOVAT NEW TECH},
	journal = {ECONOMICS OF INNOVATION AND NEW TECHNOLOGY},
	unique-id = {34616196},
	issn = {1043-8599},
	abstract = {We analyse variation in firm performance as a function of the international diversification of ICT imports by firms. Drawing on administrative data from 2010 and 2014 on nearly 4000 German manufacturing firms, we find that firms with ICT sourcing that is diversified across multiple countries perform better than similar, less-diversified firms. This finding holds true for two performance metrics (value added and gross operational surplus) as well as for two indicators of diversification. Our paper thus contributes to deliberations on Europe's digital sovereignty.},
	keywords = {F14; FIRM PERFORMANCE; F23; L14; D24; Global sourcing; digital sovereignty; ICT goods imports; L23},
	year = {2024},
	eissn = {1476-8364}
}

@article{MTMT:34616205,
	title = {Optimal Infrastructure after Trade Reform in India},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34616205},
	author = {Verma, Priyam},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jdeveco.2023.103208},
	journal-iso = {J DEV ECON},
	journal = {JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS},
	volume = {166},
	unique-id = {34616205},
	issn = {0304-3878},
	abstract = {Lower tariffs typically raise productivity, production, and trade, increasing the benefits from building infrastructure. Infrastructure spending by governments should therefore increase after countries open up to trade. I test this hypothesis empirically using a trade reform in India and find that a 1 percentage point reduction in tariffs increased states' infrastructure spending by 0.5% between 1991 and 2001. To understand the mechanisms behind my empirical findings, I develop and calibrate a multi-region model of international trade, private capital accumulation, and infrastructure spending, in which each government chooses such spending to maximize their state's welfare. I find if governments choose infrastructure following the reform optimally, infrastructure would have increased by 60% on average. The actual increase, based on my empirical findings, was about 29%. Counterfactual exercises show that raising aggregate infrastructure towards its optimal following the trade reform will result in state GDP to increase by 7% points on average.},
	keywords = {TRADE; infrastructure; Tariffs},
	year = {2024},
	eissn = {1872-6089}
}

@article{MTMT:34616203,
	title = {Import Uncertainty and Export Dynamics},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34616203},
	author = {Vijil, Mariana and Wagner, Laurent and Woldemichael, Martha Tesfaye},
	doi = {10.1093/wber/lhad043},
	journal-iso = {WORLD BANK ECON REV},
	journal = {WORLD BANK ECONOMIC REVIEW},
	volume = {38},
	unique-id = {34616203},
	issn = {0258-6770},
	abstract = {A supply chain is only as strong as its weakest link. Firms are constantly managing uncertainties, including unexpected delays in the provision of a critical input that can slow down or halt the production process, possibly making the manufacturer miss a delivery deadline. As most exporters are also importers of intermediate goods, supply chain unreliability related to import processing times at the border could impact downstream export dynamics. The role of unpredictability in border-clearance times for imports in manufacturing firms' entry, exit, and survival in export markets is investigated using the PPML estimator on a rich dataset built on firm-level information for 48 developing countries over 2006-2014. Uncertainty in the time to clear imported inputs impacts neither the entry nor the exit rate, but translates into lower survival rates for new exporters, reducing the number of firms that continue serving the foreign market beyond their first year of entry. This effect grows larger over time, owing to rising reputational costs to input-importing exporters and is mainly driven by South-North trade, possibly reflecting the time-sensitivity of buyers in developed countries. Results also reveal heterogeneous effects across export industries, and the mediating role of sunk costs of entry in foreign markets, which attenuate the negative effect of uncertainty on survival rates as firms delay exiting the export market.},
	keywords = {FIRMS; export dynamics; Customs; trade costs; import uncertainty; supply chain unreliability},
	year = {2024},
	eissn = {1564-698X},
	pages = {24-50}
}

@article{MTMT:34616198,
	title = {The linkage misalignment of productive services and firms' domestic value-added ratio--Evidence from Chinese micro-firm data},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34616198},
	author = {Zhang, Chonghui and Yuan, Lingjing and Yu, Xiao and Chen, Xiaohua},
	doi = {10.1016/j.techfore.2023.123085},
	journal-iso = {TECHNOL FORECAST SOC},
	journal = {TECHNOLOGICAL FORECASTING AND SOCIAL CHANGE},
	volume = {199},
	unique-id = {34616198},
	issn = {0040-1625},
	abstract = {Promoting the deep integration of advanced manufacturing and modern service industries is essential for enhancing the competitiveness of manufacturing enterprises, cultivating a modern industrial system, and achieving high-quality, sustainable development; however, the low allocation efficiency of productive service resources has led to an extremely limited, long-term process in enhancing China's manufacturing industries' competitiveness. Based on scientific quantification of productive service linkage, this study uses micro level data from China to empirically test its impact and mechanism on the domestic value-added ratio of enterprises' exports. The results reveal a relatively high degree of mismatch of productive service input in China, which primarily reduces enterprises' domestic value-added ratio through import induced and markup reducing effects. The conclusions remain highly consistent across benchmark regression and further robustness tests, including instrumental variable estimation and a quasi-natural experiment. Further analysis reveals that enterprises in regions with a higher degree of marketization, firms facing tighter financing constraints, those with smaller gaps from the technology frontier, and enterprises in industries with comparative advantages are more easily influenced by productive services linkage misalignment. Finally, this study proposes targeted policy recommendations based on the research findings.},
	keywords = {micro analysis; Productive services; Linkage misalignment; Domestic value-added ratio},
	year = {2024},
	eissn = {1873-5509}
}

@article{MTMT:34616209,
	title = {Global value chains and energy-related sustainable practices. Evidence from Enterprise Survey data},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34616209},
	author = {Agostino, Mariarosaria and Giunta, Anna and Ruberto, Sabrina and Scalera, Domenico},
	doi = {10.1016/j.eneco.2023.107068},
	journal-iso = {ENERG ECON},
	journal = {ENERGY ECONOMICS},
	volume = {127},
	unique-id = {34616209},
	issn = {0140-9883},
	abstract = {Participation in global value chains (GVCs) can affect the deployment of clean energy technologies and influence firm-level energy management. However, the sign of this influence is debated, especially for less developed economies, since GVCs can favor the absorption of more advanced technologies and the adoption of greener energy practices, but on the other hand they can help export polluting productions from countries with strict environmental regulations to weakly regulated developing countries. Drawing on Enterprise Surveys conducted in 2018-2020 on a large cross-section of firms operating in different industries and countries, and applying regression analyses and propensity score matching, this is the first firm-level study aiming to shed light on the relationship between firm participation in GVCs and the adoption of energy-related sustainable practices. In addition, the analysis allows for a heterogeneous impact of GVCs, conditional on firms' characteristics and external conditions, such as institutional quality. Overall, we find that participation in GVCs is positively associated with firm propensity to adopt green energy practices. For smaller and younger firms, operating in poorer institutional contexts, and/or less endowed in terms of human capital or financial resources, being engaged in GVCs has milder effects on the adoption of greener practices. By contrast, manufacturing companies located in high-income countries are those showing the strongest impact of GVCs on energy management.},
	keywords = {Renewable energy sources; global value chains (GVC); Energy-related sustainable practices},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1873-6181}
}

@article{MTMT:34616208,
	title = {Perspectives on trade and structural transformation},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34616208},
	author = {Alessandria, George and Johnson, Robert C. and Yi, Kei-Mu},
	doi = {10.1080/13600818.2023.2279665},
	journal-iso = {OXFORD DEV STUD},
	journal = {OXFORD DEVELOPMENT STUDIES},
	volume = {51},
	unique-id = {34616208},
	issn = {1360-0818},
	abstract = {This paper surveys macroeconomic and microeconomic perspectives on the role of international trade in structural transformation. We start by describing canonical frameworks that have been used to quantify how trade influences sectoral shares of employment and value added. We then pivot to survey micro-empirical evidence on the impact of changes in trade on the allocation of labor across sectors and productivity at the firm level. In this, we put special emphasis on the role of participation in global value chains and inward foreign direct investment in mediating these effects. Next, we evaluate evidence on the barriers to trade faced by low-income countries, with special attention to recent work that measures these costs taking firm dynamics into account. We conclude by discussing how these micro-perspectives can be integrated into macro models to advance our understanding of structural change.},
	keywords = {Foreign direct investment; Global value chains; F43; F1; F23; F62; Firm-level costs of trade; Micro-evidence and macro models},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1469-9966},
	pages = {455-475}
}

@article{MTMT:33902919,
	title = {The Real Exchange Rate, Innovation, and Productivity},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33902919},
	author = {Alfaro, Laura and Cunat, Alejandro and Fadinger, Harald and Liu, Yanping},
	doi = {10.1093/jeea/jvac058},
	journal-iso = {J EUR ECON ASSOC},
	journal = {JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC ASSOCIATION},
	volume = {21},
	unique-id = {33902919},
	issn = {1542-4766},
	abstract = {We build a dynamic heterogeneous-firm model in which real depreciations raise export demand and the cost of importing intermediates, and also affect borrowing constraints and the profitability of engaging in research and development (R&D). A number of stylized facts on manufacturing firms for a large set of countries discipline our estimation: Firms in emerging East Asia are very export oriented and rely little on imported intermediates, whereas the opposite holds for Latin America and Eastern Europe; firms from industrialized countries export as much as they import. Exporters experience an increase in cash flow, R&D, and productivity growth in response to real exchange rate (RER) depreciations; importers experience the opposite outcomes. In counterfactual simulations of temporary RER movements, the effects on innovation and productivity growth are heterogeneous across regions, sizeable and persistent. In emerging Asia, real depreciations are associated with higher probabilities to engage in R&D, faster growth of average firm-level productivity and cash flow, and higher export entry rates; we find negative average effects on these outcomes for firms in other emerging economies, and no significant average effects for firms in industrialized economies.},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1542-4774},
	pages = {637-689}
}

@article{MTMT:33248716,
	title = {Does global value chain participation boost high technology exports?},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33248716},
	author = {Altun, Abdullah and Avsar, Ilker Ibrahim and Turan, Taner and Yanikkaya, Halit},
	doi = {10.1002/jid.3708},
	journal-iso = {J INT DEV},
	journal = {JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT},
	volume = {35},
	unique-id = {33248716},
	issn = {0954-1748},
	abstract = {This study examines the role of global value chain (GVC) participation in high technology exports using data over 120 countries during the 1995-2019 period. Our results suggest that GVC participation matters for high-tech exports. While GVC participation with higher income countries is significantly associated with high-tech exports, GVC participation with lower income countries has no effect. However, regardless of the origin countries, high-tech GVC participation raises high-tech exports. Moreover, GVC participation has a positive impact on high-tech exports to lower income countries. Finally, we present evidence that the determinants of high-tech exports vary by the income level of destination countries.},
	keywords = {Dynamic panel data; income level; bilateral GVC participation; high-tech exports; high-tech GVC participation},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1099-1328},
	pages = {820-837}
}

@article{MTMT:33902908,
	title = {Do Turkish firms benefit from GVC participation?},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33902908},
	author = {Altun, Abdullah and Turan, Taner and Yanikkaya, Halit},
	doi = {10.1108/IJOEM-02-2022-0334},
	journal-iso = {INT J EMERG MARKET},
	journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EMERGING MARKETS},
	unique-id = {33902908},
	issn = {1746-8809},
	abstract = {PurposeThe study evaluates the effects of GVC participation on firm productivity and profitability. Hence this study aims to find evidence whether there is a clear difference between the productivity and profitability effects of simple and complex backward and forward participations for Turkish firms.Design/methodology/approachThe authors employ a firm level data from the Turkiye's both first and second top 500 industrial enterprises from 1993 to 2019. In addition, the authors calculate country-sector level both backward and forward GVC participation indices with their simple and complex sub-indices for each year from 1990 to 2015 from the Full Eora data of the Eora Global Supply Chain Database. The authors estimate the model with OLS and fixed effects. To understand the role of the 2008 global crisis, the authors also undertake estimations for the pre-crisis and post-crisis. The authors also divide the data by R&D intensity of sectors.FindingsWhile backward GVC participation lowers both labor productivity and profitability growth, forward GVC participation promotes both. Moreover, simple and complex backward participation have similarly negative effects on productivity and profitability growth, simple and complex forward participation have the completely opposite effects though. The authors then provide substantial evidence for the differing effects of participation on productivity and profitability growth between pre-crisis and post-crisis periods. Interestingly, backward participation has a negative impact for both hi-tech and low-tech firms while forward participation boosts the productivity growth only for low-tech firms, probably due to the relatively more upstream position of low-tech firms.Originality/valueTo the best of the knowledge, no previous study has yet examined the profitability effects of GVC for firms. Second, in addition to overall backward and forward GVC participation rates, the authors also calculate and utilize simple and complex GVC measures in the estimations. Third, to reveal whether the global financial crisis leads to a shift in the productivity and profitability effects of GVCs, the authors separately run the regressions for the pre- and post-crisis periods. Fourth, the authors then investigate the argument that hi-tech sectors/firms could benefit more from joining GVCs compared to firms in low-tech technology sectors.},
	keywords = {Global value chains; J24; Firm profitability; L25; D57; Labor productivity; D22; Turkiye; F40; F61},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1746-8817}
}

@article{MTMT:33902923,
	title = {Two-sided heterogeneity. New implications for input trade},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33902923},
	author = {Ara, Tomohiro},
	doi = {10.1111/roie.12652},
	journal-iso = {REV INT ECON},
	journal = {REVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS},
	volume = {31},
	unique-id = {33902923},
	issn = {0965-7576},
	abstract = {This article develops a heterogeneous firm model to analyze selection effects at different production stages on trade-induced intra-industry resource reallocations. Using a two-country symmetric setting in which both inputs and final goods are costly to trade subject to selection, we show that the trade elasticity of intermediate goods is endogenously greater than that of final goods due to an extra adjustment in the extensive margin. We also show that the welfare gains from input trade liberalization are greater than those from output trade liberalization if and only if the domestic input share is smaller than the domestic output share.},
	keywords = {SELECTION; input trade; two-sided heterogeneity; vertical linkages},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1467-9396},
	pages = {1032-1067}
}

@article{MTMT:34293428,
	title = {Lower prices or higher quality? Firms' response to increased competition following trade liberalization},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34293428},
	author = {Bas, Maria and Strauss-Kahn, Vanessa},
	doi = {10.1007/s10290-023-00503-7},
	journal-iso = {REV WORLD ECON},
	journal = {REVIEW OF WORLD ECONOMICS},
	unique-id = {34293428},
	issn = {1610-2878},
	abstract = {This paper investigates the impact of increased competition at the product-market level on firms' strategic price decisions. We analyse this issue in a context of trade liberalization where only some firms benefit from the input tariff cuts. We focus on China which is characterized by a unique dual trade regime, where some imports of intermediate goods are subject to tariff (i.e., the ordinary status) whereas other (i.e., the processing status) have been exempted of tariffs for the last 30 years. The recent Chinese trade liberalization allowed ordinary importers to improve their competitiveness relative to processing firms. Facing stronger pressures in their export markets, processing firms must adjust their strategy. We find that ordinary firms took advantage of the Chinese' input trade liberalization to improve the quality of their exported products and processing firms respond to this quality sorting by decreasing their export prices and markups. This finding is more pronounced for lower-end product sold in in advanced economies, where the quality sorting of competitors is more relevant.},
	keywords = {COMPETITION; Trade liberalization; Imported inputs; export prices; firm-level data},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1610-2886}
}

@article{MTMT:33902906,
	title = {Import competition and firm productivity. Evidence from German manufacturing},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33902906},
	author = {Braeuer, Richard and Mertens, Matthias and Slavtchev, Viktor},
	doi = {10.1111/twec.13409},
	journal-iso = {WORLD ECON},
	journal = {WORLD ECONOMY},
	volume = {46},
	unique-id = {33902906},
	issn = {0378-5920},
	abstract = {We study how different types of import competition affect firm productivity using firm-product data from German manufacturing (2000-2014). Competition from high-income countries causes affected domestic firms to increase their productivity and lower their prices. Oppositely, import competition from low-wage countries does not lead to firm productivity gains. Instead, domestic firms' sales and input usage decline. Our findings confirm the intuition of ladder models that the effect of competition depends on the "closeness" of competitors. They are in line with widespread X-inefficiencies throughout the economy, which firms reduce in response to competition from high-income countries.},
	keywords = {PRODUCTIVITY; import competition; Multi-product firms},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1467-9701},
	pages = {2285-2305}
}

@article{MTMT:34616204,
	title = {The carbon footprint of global trade: Assessing the impact of trade liberalization on the carbon emissions of Chinese listed companies},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34616204},
	author = {Cai, Meng and Li, Dan and Jin, Jiaming and Cui, Luoyuan},
	doi = {10.1111/1477-8947.12371},
	journal-iso = {NAT RESOUR FORUM},
	journal = {NATURAL RESOURCES FORUM},
	unique-id = {34616204},
	issn = {0165-0203},
	abstract = {There is growing concern about the relationship between carbon emissions and trade liberalization. Have carbon emissions been affected by trade liberalization? To what extent has it been affected? To answer this question, we creatively constructed a dataset of Chinese listed companies and its re-appraisal, using the difference-in-difference method to investigate the impact of trade liberalization on carbon emissions at the micro level. Our results show that WTO accession leads to lower carbon emission intensity for Chinese exporters engaged in general trade compared to those engaged in processing trade, which are not directly affected by China's WTO accession. In other words, trade liberalization is beneficial for the reduction of carbon emissions and sustainable development. We also test the robustness of our results. In addition, we decompose the question of how trade liberalization affects companies' carbon emissions into research and development mechanism and productivity mechanism for analysis. Our study refines the model of carbon emission and trade issues by incorporating company import indicators and carbon emission indicators into the company production model. It also has important policy implications. Green trade and reduce carbon emissions should be advocated when developing the economy through trade liberalization.},
	keywords = {Sustainable development; carbon emission; Listed companies; Trade liberalization},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1477-8947}
}

@article{MTMT:34293417,
	title = {The role of imports in reducing emissions: evidence from Chinese listed companies},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34293417},
	author = {Cai, Meng and Cui, Riming and Li, Dan},
	doi = {10.1007/s10668-023-03901},
	journal-iso = {ENVIRON DEV SUSTAIN},
	journal = {ENVIRONMENT DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY},
	unique-id = {34293417},
	issn = {1387-585X},
	abstract = {Does international trade affect the environment while promoting economic growth? This question has received increasing attention in recent years. Previous research on the trade-environment relationship has mostly focused on the macro- and export levels. In this paper, we develop a theoretical model from a micro-perspective, creatively constructed a dataset of Chinese listed companies, and use the propensity score matching (PSM) method to conduct empirical tests to investigate the impact of companies' import behavior on environmental performance at the micro-level. Our study shows that companies that import intermediate goods are more environmentally friendly and validates the robustness of this result. Furthermore, we discuss the potential mechanisms that affect pollution emissions. This paper also has important policy implications that policymakers should consider reducing import tariffs on intermediate goods, thereby reducing import costs for enterprises and promoting green trade. Business owners should develop rational production strategies, strengthen technological innovation, establish social responsibility, and improve the environmental performance of their companies.},
	keywords = {Sustainable development; Environmental performance; Pollution emission; Import behavior},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1573-2975}
}

@article{MTMT:33248718,
	title = {Do imports of intermediate inputs generate higher productivity? Evidence from Ecuadorian manufacturing firms},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33248718},
	author = {Camino-Mogro, Segundo and Carrillo-Maldonado, Paul},
	doi = {10.1111/twec.13343},
	journal-iso = {WORLD ECON},
	journal = {WORLD ECONOMY},
	volume = {46},
	unique-id = {33248718},
	issn = {0378-5920},
	abstract = {This paper examines the causal effect of importing on firm productivity. We use an augmented Cobb-Douglas production function in which the static and dynamic effects of importing and exporting are estimated for formal manufacturing firms in Ecuador. We use a rich administrative data set that covers the period 2007-2018 and estimate total factor productivity (TFP) at the firm level. Our results show that both static and dynamic effects are important sources of gains from importing. We find that static and dynamic gains in productivity from importing intermediates are higher in more innovative industries than in less innovative industries, which implies an industrial heterogeneity effect. We also find that the elasticity of substitution between imported and domestic intermediates in all the industries are substitute inputs. Finally, we provide robust evidence in favour of self-selection on the entry and exit side sides of the market. Our estimation results provide support to the learning-by-importing hypothesis.},
	keywords = {PRODUCTIVITY; Ecuador; self-selection; learning-by-importing; Imported intermediates},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1467-9701},
	pages = {1471-1521}
}

@article{MTMT:34616207,
	title = {Intermediaries' Imports and Export Product Quality: A Perspective of Supply Chain Network Correlation},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34616207},
	author = {Chen, Aizhen and Zhao, Dongyan and Wang, Haijie},
	doi = {10.1080/1540496X.2023.2236288},
	journal-iso = {EMERG MARK FINANC TR},
	journal = {EMERGING MARKETS FINANCE AND TRADE},
	unique-id = {34616207},
	issn = {1540-496X},
	abstract = {This article investigates how intermediaries' imported inputs affect nondirect import firms' product quality. Based on WIOD input-output tables and microlevel China customs trade data, the result shows that intermediaries can significantly improve nondirect import firms' export quality mainly through imported quality rather than imported quantity. In addition, the promotion effect of intermediaries' import quality is greater for nondirect import firms with a larger scale, higher export intensity and longer export year; the imported quality of ordinary intermediaries has a greater effect than that of professional intermediaries. Furthermore, the imported quality of intermediaries is also conducive to alleviating the negative effect of the quality directly imported by peer firms in the same industry. This study not only explores intermediaries' supporting role in the supply chain but also puts forward some policy implications of export product quality upgrading for SMEs.},
	keywords = {F14; Imported inputs; Export product quality; intermediaries; D83; D22; nondirect import firms},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1558-0938}
}

@article{MTMT:34616200,
	title = {Containing China versus Choking the Asian Economy},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34616200},
	author = {Cheong, Inkyo and Lim, Byeongho and Ryu, Yeri},
	doi = {10.35611/jkt.2023.27.5.137},
	journal-iso = {J KOREA TRADE},
	journal = {JOURNAL OF KOREA TRADE},
	volume = {27},
	unique-id = {34616200},
	issn = {1229-828X},
	abstract = {Purpose - Although many existing studies on the US-China hegemonic conflict and decoupling have been published, most of them are qualitative and use descriptive analysis methods. Papers that quantitatively analyzed decoupling mainly estimate the effect of a tariff increase. However, this paper quantitatively analyzed the ripple effect by focusing on decoupling technology spillover between the United States and China. And, for the first time, it was suggested that the blocking of technology spillover could give a fatal blow to the East Asian economy as well as China. Design/methodology - The United States is pursuing decoupling with China, primarily in goods trade and blocking technology transfer. This paper sets up various scenarios and uses three computational general equilibrium (CGE) models to analyze the overall ripple effects of decoupling. A paper using the three CGE models for decoupling ripple effect analysis has not yet been published. Findings - Decoupling will hit the economies of regions with close economic ties to China more than others. According to simulation results of this study, the Chinese economy may suffer severe damage that is difficult to recover from, and the economies of Asian countries are predicted to deteriorate to the point of being choked. Originality/value - Existing papers that assessed the effect of decoupling mostly focus on estimating the effect itself through tariff hikes. This paper is meaningful in that it comprehensively analyzed decoupling by adding the effect of technology spillover blockade. In addition, another meaning can be found in that it quantified for the first time that it will deal a huge blow to the extent of choking the East Asian as well as China.},
	keywords = {Decoupling; trade war; Technology spillover; China containment; Computational general equilibrium (CGE) model},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1229-828X}
}

@article{MTMT:33902920,
	title = {Inputs, networks and quality-upgrading: Evidence from China in India},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33902920},
	author = {Copestake, Alexander and Zhang, Wenzhang},
	doi = {10.1016/j.chieco.2022.101891},
	journal-iso = {CHINA ECON REV},
	journal = {CHINA ECONOMIC REVIEW},
	volume = {77},
	unique-id = {33902920},
	issn = {1043-951X},
	abstract = {This paper exploits China's accession to the WTO to investigate the impact of a supply shock on quality across the Indian production network. After controlling for increased import competition, including in downstream and third-country markets, and for new export opportunities, we find that a fall in input tariffs raises revenue, quality and prices, whilst lowering quality-adjusted prices and the probability of product exit - consistent with a simple model of multi-product manufacturers gaining access to higher-quality components. Upgrading persists for at least ten years; at the peak in 2010, products with a 10% higher pre-accession input tariff, and hence a larger post-accession fall in tariffs, have 5.3% higher quality. This in turn raises quality further down the supply chain, with input-output linkages amplifying the one-step effect by up to 75%. These results highlight a potential beneficial impact of the "China shock" in developing countries, namely supply-driven quality upgrading.},
	keywords = {QUALITY; international trade; Production networks},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1873-7781}
}

@article{MTMT:33248756,
	title = {Role of imported raw materials in the performance of inward foreign direct investments in Ethiopia},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33248756},
	author = {Dayan, Mumin and Leung, Frank Yat Cheong and Ozer, Muammer},
	doi = {10.1108/IJOEM-09-2020-1097},
	journal-iso = {INT J EMERG MARKET},
	journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EMERGING MARKETS},
	volume = {18},
	unique-id = {33248756},
	issn = {1746-8809},
	abstract = {Purpose Drawing on the resource dependence theory (RDT), this paper investigates ownership composition, export intensity, and industry class as moderating factors to investigate the role of imported raw materials in performance of inward foreign direct investment (IFDI) in Ethiopia. Design/methodology/approach The hypotheses were tested using secondary data obtained from the 2016 Central Statistical Agency (CSA) on Large- and Medium-Scale Manufacturing and Electricity Industries Survey. The data included basic quantitative information on the country's manufacturing industry. The data items for the 2016 manufacturing and electricity industries surveyed are the numbers of proprietors or establishments involved in various sectors. The report did not record small firms that employed fewer than 10 people and did not use power-driven machinery. Two-Stage least squares (2SLS) regression analysis was performed to test the proposed hypotheses. Findings The results of this study indicate that three moderators (ownership composition, export intensity, and industry classification) interact with the hypothetical relationships between imported raw materials and performance. These findings enrich the knowledge of IFDI firms' operations in Ethiopia and in other least-developed countries (LDCs). The findings could provide information for IFDI firms that are looking to invest in LDCs. Research limitations/implications Like all social science research, this study has some limitations. First, the research was conducted with the data found in the Report on Large- and Medium-Scale Manufacturing and Electricity Industries Survey In 2016. This was the first year of the second five-year Growth and Transformation Plan (GTP II), a national development plan for the 2016-2020 period. Continual research on IFDI in Ethiopia in the following years will be needed to get a full picture of the effects of the determinants on IFDIs. Practical implications To IFDI investors, the result of this thesis demonstrates several alternatives to overcoming hurdles in manufacturing operation. The results find that J.V. firms make better use of imported raw materials than W.O. subsidiaries in order to achieve better performance. Concerning the choice between focusing on export or domestic markets, the study suggests that domestic market-oriented companies require less imported raw materials to achieve better performance. Concerning the comparative advantage on different industries, this study found the performance of firms in Industry 12 depended on imported raw materials. These findings highlight the challenges and opportunities for potential foreign investors. Ownership composition, market factors, and industry factors should be well considered in making investment decisions. Originality/value This is one of few studies on IFDI in Ethiopia, the most populous LDC. Ownership composition, export intensity, and industry class are used as moderating variables to investigate the difference between imported raw materials and the level of expatriate deployment to IFDI performance. For IFDI investors, the results of this study demonstrate several alternatives to overcoming hurdles in manufacturing operation.},
	keywords = {Foreign direct investment; Knowledge-based view; Least-developed countries; Resource dependency theory; And Ethiopia},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1746-8817},
	pages = {5630-5654},
	orcid-numbers = {Dayan, Mumin/0000-0002-9034-547X; Ozer, Muammer/0000-0003-2833-8196}
}

@article{MTMT:34293420,
	title = {Firms amid conflict: Performance, production inputs, and market competition✩},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34293420},
	author = {Del Prete, Davide and Di Maio, Michele and Rahman, Aminur},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jdeveco.2023.103143},
	journal-iso = {J DEV ECON},
	journal = {JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS},
	volume = {164},
	unique-id = {34293420},
	issn = {0304-3878},
	abstract = {We study the effect of conflict on firms' economic performance and the underlying mechanisms. We develop a simple theoretical framework in which conflict reduces a firm's output, induces input substitution, and increases firms' exit. In our empirical analysis, we combine an original dataset of Libyan firms and geolocalized data on conflict events during the Second Libyan Civil War to show that, in line with the predictions of the model, conflict reduces a firm's revenues and increases exit, relatively more for firms intensive in foreign inputs. We also document that, conditional on survival, the negative effect of conflict on revenues is nonlinear, with its marginal effect decreasing as conflict intensity increases. Two mechanisms drive this result: the heterogeneous conflict-induced reduction in the availability of production inputs and the weaker market competition due to the conflict-induced decrease in the number of a firm's competitors.},
	keywords = {CONFLICT; FIRMS; Market competition; Libya; foreign workers; Foreign Imported inputs},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1872-6089}
}

@article{MTMT:33689155,
	title = {Cutting through the value chain: the long-run effects of decoupling the East from the West},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33689155},
	author = {Felbermayr, Gabriel and Mahlkow, Hendrik and Sandkamp, Alexander},
	doi = {10.1007/s10663-022-09561-w},
	journal-iso = {EMPIRICA},
	journal = {EMPIRICA},
	volume = {50},
	unique-id = {33689155},
	issn = {0340-8744},
	abstract = {With ever-increasing political tensions between China and Russia on one side and the EU and the US on the other, it only seems a matter of time until protectionist policies cause a decoupling of global value chains. This paper uses a computable general equilibrium trade model calibrated with the latest version of the GTAP database to simulate the effect of such a decoupling–implemented by doubling non-tariff barriers–between the two blocks on trade and welfare. Imposing import barriers almost completely eliminates bilateral imports. In addition, changes in price levels lead to higher imports and lower exports of the imposing country group from and to the rest of the world. The targeted country group increases exports to the rest of the world and reduces imports. Welfare falls in all countries involved, suggesting that governments should strive to cooperate rather than turn away from each other. By imposing a trade war on Russia, the political West could inflict severe damage on the Russian economy because of the latter’s smaller relative economic size.},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1573-6911},
	pages = {75-108},
	orcid-numbers = {Mahlkow, Hendrik/0000-0002-3186-1773; Sandkamp, Alexander/0000-0002-1679-8032}
}

@article{MTMT:33902922,
	title = {Are trade preferences a Panacea? The export impact of the African growth and Opportunity Act q},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33902922},
	author = {Fernandes, Ana M. and Forero, Alejandro and Maemir, Hibret and Mattoo, Aaditya},
	doi = {10.1016/j.worlddev.2022.106114},
	journal-iso = {WORLD DEV},
	journal = {WORLD DEVELOPMENT: THE MULTI-DISCIPLINARY INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL DEVOTED TO THE STUDY AND PROMOTION OF WORLD DEVELOPMENT},
	volume = {162},
	unique-id = {33902922},
	issn = {0305-750X},
	abstract = {Does "infant industry" preferential access durably boost exports? Using country-product-year data for 1992-2017 and triple-differences regressions, we show that the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) enhanced apparel exports of African countries on average. But the impact leveled off after the Multi-Fiber Arrangement unleashed competition from Asian countries. Furthermore, the positive average impact masks regional heterogeneity: East Africa's late-bloomers offset Southern Africa's boom-bust pattern. Overall, we find little evidence that preferences durably boosted exports. (c) 2022 The World Bank. Published by Elsevier Ltd.},
	keywords = {Africa; GSP; Exports; tariff preferences; AGOA; Multi -Fiber Arrangement},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1873-5991}
}

@article{MTMT:32796435,
	title = {Input Quality Upgrading from Tariff Reduction and Firm Productivity. Evidence from Ethiopian Manufacturing},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/32796435},
	author = {Gebreamilack, Zenebech Admasu and Feng, Yin},
	doi = {10.1177/23210222211024381},
	journal-iso = {Studies in Microeconomics},
	journal = {Studies in Microeconomics},
	volume = {11},
	unique-id = {32796435},
	issn = {2321-0222},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {2321-8398},
	pages = {76-100},
	orcid-numbers = {Gebreamilack, Zenebech Admasu/0000-0003-1607-439X}
}

@article{MTMT:33248754,
	title = {The role of imported intermediates in productivity change},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33248754},
	author = {Gilles, Enrique and Deaza, Javier and Vivas, Alejandro},
	doi = {10.1080/09535314.2022.2062301},
	journal-iso = {ECON SYST RES},
	journal = {ECONOMIC SYSTEMS RESEARCH},
	volume = {35},
	unique-id = {33248754},
	issn = {0953-5314},
	abstract = {We address the role of imported intermediates in productivity by applying a methodology that proposes an equivalence between input-output analysis and data envelopment analysis, and decomposes sectoral productivity gains into two factors: efficiency change and technical change. We illustrate this by using data for Spain in the 2008-2015 period with three levels of labor skills, capital, and twenty-eight industries, and compare the results of two different settings: one including only domestic intermediates and the other incorporating total (i.e. both domestic and imported) inputs. We find differential results regarding productivity, efficiency, and technical changes that are attributable to imported intermediates. We also find that the main drivers of productivity change are high-skilled labor and the manufacturing sector. Our results suggest the importance of both trade and educational policies that respectively foster international economic complementarities and promote higher qualification of labor.},
	keywords = {EFFICIENCY; Spain; PRODUCTIVITY; Input-output analysis; intermediate imports; Luenberger indicator},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1469-5758},
	pages = {211-227},
	orcid-numbers = {Gilles, Enrique/0000-0001-8622-7860}
}

@article{MTMT:33902917,
	title = {Trade costs and tax transition reform in developing countries},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33902917},
	author = {Gnangnon, Sena Kimm},
	doi = {10.1111/ecot.12359},
	journal-iso = {Econ Transit},
	journal = {Economics of Transition and Institutional Change},
	volume = {31},
	unique-id = {33902917},
	issn = {2577-6975},
	abstract = {Developing countries are striving to reform their tax revenue structure to reduce its dependence on international trade tax revenue. The present study has investigated the effect of trade costs on this type of tax revenue structure reform (also referred in the present analysis to as 'Tax transition Reform'-TTR) through the trade openness channel in developing countries. The analysis has used a set of 124 countries over the period from 1996 to 2019 and several econometric estimators. It shows that higher overall trade costs (notably non-tariff costs) undermine the TTR process, notably in countries that enjoy high degrees of openness to international trade. In other words, countries that wish to pursue their TTR process, while concurrently further opening up their economies to international trade, have to reduce their trade costs.},
	keywords = {trade costs; tax transition reform},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {2577-6983},
	pages = {941-977}
}

@article{MTMT:34293423,
	title = {International Knowledge Spillovers and Economic Growth: New Evidence from High-Tech Imports and R&D Cooperation*},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34293423},
	author = {Gomleksiz, Mustafa},
	doi = {10.26650/ISTJECON2022-1195566},
	journal = {ISTANBUL IKTISAT DERGISI-ISTANBUL JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS},
	volume = {73},
	unique-id = {34293423},
	issn = {2602-4152},
	abstract = {The diffusion of knowledge is an essential triggering factor in the phase of economic growth through externalities mostly based on R & D and innovations embodied in technological products or services. As a form of transmission, knowledge spillovers arising from an external source can emerge through various channels. This study investigates the effect of knowledge spillovers via high-tech imports and international R & D cooperation on long-run economic growth, in a panel of selected emerging and developing economies for the 1995-2019 period. Based on the results of second-generation econometric methods that take into account cross-section dependence and parameter heterogeneity, it is concluded that knowledge spillovers via high-tech imports are a prominent determinant of economic growth. The results also confirm the growth-enhancing effect of domestic knowledge stock as a measure of knowledge absorption capacity. However, it is deduced that knowledge spillovers via R & D cooperation have a weak and somewhat insignificant positive impact on economic growth, when ignoring the complementary relationship between incoming knowledge and the absorptive capacity of countries. Accordingly, the results indicate the essential role of increasing absorptive capacity in gains from R & D spillovers. Lastly, human capital seems to be decisive in the growth process.},
	keywords = {knowledge spillovers; economic growth; High-tech imports; R & D cooperation},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {2602-3954},
	pages = {281-306}
}

@article{MTMT:34293418,
	title = {Love of variety and gains from trade},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34293418},
	author = {Gouel, Christophe and Jean, Sebastien},
	doi = {10.1016/j.euroecorev.2023.104558},
	journal-iso = {EUR ECON REV},
	journal = {EUROPEAN ECONOMIC REVIEW},
	volume = {158},
	unique-id = {34293418},
	issn = {0014-2921},
	abstract = {We show analytically and quantitatively how gains from trade depend on love of variety, defined as the extent to which an additional product variety generates benefits in either final or intermediate consumption. To do this, we use a multi-country, multi-sector heterogeneous-firm gravity trade model where love of variety is parameterized separately from product substitutability using a generalized CES demand function. Counterfactual simulations based on a calibrated version of this model show that the gains from trade commonly vary by a proportion of one to three depending on the value of the love-of-variety elasticity. Trade war simulations also point to the strong sensitivity of the assessed impacts. We conclude that love of variety may be an important determinant of the gains from trade, an aspect that has so far been overlooked for the sake of convenience in the modeling framework and due to lack of empirical estimates.},
	keywords = {gravity; international trade; firm heterogeneity; gains from trade; Love of variety},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1873-572X},
	orcid-numbers = {Gouel, Christophe/0000-0002-3946-5222}
}

@article{MTMT:34245529,
	title = {Internal adjustment and digital transformation of intermediate inputs: Economic performance and environmental effects},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34245529},
	author = {He, Yaxing and Shen, Yanan and Xie, Chi},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.138155},
	journal-iso = {J CLEAN PROD},
	journal = {JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION},
	volume = {419},
	unique-id = {34245529},
	issn = {0959-6526},
	abstract = {With the increasing importance of supply chain security and the vigorous development of the digital economy, the trend of internal adjustment and digital transformation of intermediate input has become more obvious. Therefore, the impact this dual structural adjustment of intermediate input will have on the economy and environment is an interesting and practical topic. Therefore, this article proposes a new decomposition framework for intermediate input and total output, and constructs a production model that considers intermediate inputs and digital transformation. Based on the WIOT, socioeconomic accounts, and environmental accounts of the WIOD from 2000 to 2014, the panel regression model is used to analyze the economic benefits and environmental impacts brought by the internal adjustment of intermediate inputs and digital transformation.The results show that the internal adjustment of intermediate inputs and digital transformation can promote the improvement of total output by influencing multiple aspects of the economy and environment. The internal adjustment of nondigital intermediate inputs promotes the expansion of export scale and reduces the carbon intensity of added value. The digital transformation of intermediate input and internal adjustment of intermediate input strengthen the direct technical connection between domestic and foreign markets and increase the value-added share of the domestic market. However, the adjustment of intermediate input structure may also bring negative economic environmental effects. This article enriches the research on the adjustment of intermediate input structure from the dual perspectives of internalization and digitization, taking into account economic performance and environmental effects. Based on the research results, we put forward some ideas to promote high-quality development from the perspective of adjusting the structure of intermediate investment, such as countries (or regions) should actively promote the development and implementation of digital technology.},
	keywords = {digital transformation; Intermediate inputs; Carbon intensity; internal adjustment},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1879-1786}
}

@article{MTMT:34293411,
	title = {Testing for the Imports-Led Growth and the Growth-Led Imports Hypotheses in Panels for the Small Island World},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34293411},
	author = {Hoarau, Jean-Francois and Lucic, Nicolas},
	doi = {10.3917/redp.334.0569},
	journal-iso = {REV ECON POLIT},
	journal = {REVUE D ECONOMIE POLITIQUE},
	volume = {133},
	unique-id = {34293411},
	issn = {0373-2630},
	abstract = {This article aims at analysing the empirical relationship between real merchandise imports per capita and real GDP per capita for a set of 17 affiliated and 35 sovereign small islands over the period 1970-2019. Noting the lack of long time series for GDP per capita contrary to imports per capita, the goal is to check whether real imports per capita could be considered as a good predictor for standards of living for the small islands world in accordance with the theoretical claims. To this regard, we test for the imports-led growth and the growth-led imports hypotheses by running in a panel data framework both the Toda-Yamamoto Granger causality test based on VAR modelling, and the Pooled Mean Group estimator based on ARDL modelling. Finally, bidirectional causality holds in the short and the long-run for the group of sovereign small islands, giving strong support to the two hypotheses. However, even if in the short-run bidirectional causality seems to exist, only the growth-led imports hypothesis is validated in the long-run for the affiliated small islands. Anyway, our results state that a high level of imports per capita could be considered as a good predictor for a high level of standards of living for small islands.},
	keywords = {PANEL DATA; imports; Causality tests; Political status; Small Island Economies},
	year = {2023},
	pages = {569-600}
}

@article{MTMT:33902914,
	title = {Should the United States rejoin the Trans-Pacific trade deal?},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33902914},
	author = {Itakura, Ken and Lee, Hiro},
	doi = {10.1007/s10368-023-00559-8},
	journal-iso = {INT ECON ECON POL},
	journal = {INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS AND ECONOMIC POLICY},
	volume = {20},
	unique-id = {33902914},
	issn = {1612-4804},
	abstract = {Before the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) was scheduled to enter into force, the United States withdrew from the trade accord. Eleven other TPP signatories decided to revive the agreement, which led to the implementation of the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for TPP (CPTPP). The objectives of this paper are threefold: (i) estimating economic welfare effects under alternative scenarios of the TPP/CPTPP, (ii) evaluating the extent of losses to the US from its withdrawal from TPP and expected gains from rejoining the Trans-Pacific trade accord, and (iii) examining whether the US economy would have to undergo extensive sectoral adjustments from its participation. To examine these issues, we employ a dynamic computable general equilibrium (CGE) model that incorporates agent-specific import preferences. The results suggest that the US loses an opportunity to gain approximately $100 billion per year in its long-run economic welfare by withdrawing from the TPP. However, it could recover most of its projected welfare gains by reengaging with the CPTPP. Since sectoral output adjustments in the US are relatively small, its adjustment costs from participation in the CPTPP would be limited.},
	keywords = {US; TPP; CGE model; CPTPP; GTAP},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1612-4812},
	pages = {235-255},
	orcid-numbers = {Itakura, Ken/0000-0002-3642-6877; Lee, Hiro/0000-0003-2014-109X}
}

@article{MTMT:33902915,
	title = {Global value chains and domestic innovation},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33902915},
	author = {Ito, Keiko and Ikeuchi, Kenta and Criscuolo, Chiara and Timmis, Jonathan and Bergeaud, Antonin},
	doi = {10.1016/j.respol.2022.104699},
	journal-iso = {RES POLICY},
	journal = {RESEARCH POLICY},
	volume = {52},
	unique-id = {33902915},
	issn = {0048-7333},
	abstract = {This paper explores how changes in both position and participation in Global Value Chain (GVC) networks affect firm innovation. The analysis combines matched patent-firm data for Japan with measures of GVC network centrality and GVC participation using the OECD Inter-Country Input-Output (ICIO) Tables over the period from 1995 to 2011. We find that Japan's position in GVCs has shifted from being at the core of Asian value chains towards the periphery relative to other countries in the network, i.e., becoming less "central". We use China's accession to the World Trade Organization as an instrumental variable for changes in Japanese centrality. Our analysis shows that increases in Japanese sectors' forward centrality - i.e. as a key supplier -tend to be positively associated with increasing firms' patent applications in these sectors and that firms in key hubs within GVCs, specifically as key suppliers, appear to benefit from knowledge spillovers from downstream markets.},
	keywords = {Japan; patent; Global value chains; network centrality; micro data},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1873-7625}
}

@article{MTMT:34435040,
	title = {Does Global Value Chain Integration Enhance Export Competitiveness? Evidence from Indonesia’s Industry-Level Analysis},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34435040},
	author = {Jangam, Bhushan Praveen and Rath, Badri Narayan and Ridhwan, Masagus M},
	doi = {10.1080/1540496X.2023.2284304},
	journal-iso = {EMERG MARK FINANC TR},
	journal = {EMERGING MARKETS FINANCE AND TRADE},
	unique-id = {34435040},
	issn = {1540-496X},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1558-0938},
	orcid-numbers = {Jangam, Bhushan Praveen/0000-0002-6262-253X}
}

@article{MTMT:33902912,
	title = {Exporting and sourcing strategies},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33902912},
	author = {Kang, Youngho and Whang, Unjung},
	doi = {10.1111/roie.12671},
	journal-iso = {REV INT ECON},
	journal = {REVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS},
	volume = {31},
	unique-id = {33902912},
	issn = {0965-7576},
	abstract = {This study uses firm-level panel data for South Korea for the period 2006-2015, to investigate changes in firms' sourcing behaviors after these firms start exporting. The data studied includes detailed information on firms' export status, whether their purchases of intermediate inputs were domestic or from foreign markets, and whether the supplier firms were affiliated or non-affiliated. To estimate the effects of exporting on firms' sourcing strategies, we employ a difference-in-differences estimator with propensity score matching. The main finding is that participation in export markets leads to the increased use of intermediate inputs purchased from foreign suppliers; it also increases these firms' sourcing from affiliated parties relative to sourcing from non-affiliated suppliers. These changes in firms' sourcing compositions after their entry into export markets are mainly driven by purchasing rather than subcontracting. These findings point out that firms that newly participate in exporting tend to improve their product competitiveness by increasing the proportion of their intermediate inputs from foreign affiliates. It is also possible that these firms expanded their foreign networks after they begin export activities, and this plays a role in how and where they source their intermediate inputs.},
	keywords = {intermediate imports; sourcing strategy; export participation; foreign affiliates},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1467-9396},
	pages = {1414-1441}
}

@article{MTMT:33577307,
	title = {Related adjustment of firm production after demand shocks},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33577307},
	author = {Kiss, Károly Miklós and Lőrincz, László and Csáfordi, Zsolt and Lengyel, Balázs},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0280461},
	journal-iso = {PLOS ONE},
	journal = {PLOS ONE},
	volume = {18},
	unique-id = {33577307},
	issn = {1932-6203},
	abstract = {Multiproduct firms often diversify into technologically related activities to exploit efficiencies of joint production; however, unrelated products in the company’s portfolio provide access to distinct markets and can help to avoid industry-specific shocks. Yet, the underlying mechanisms of related and unrelated diversification are still poorly understood. Here we investigate diversification decisions of firms in periods when corporations’ markets are hit by a demand shocks. In these times, cost efficiency considerations might drive firms to reduce costs by narrowing product portfolios and focusing on combinations of technologically related products, in which economies of scope and mutual capabilities can be exploited. To test this hypothesis, we consider two measures of demand shocks, decreasing sales volumes on the product market and increasing import competition; and analyze their association with changes of product portfolios of Hungarian firms in the 2003-2012 period. We find that production has become more coherent in terms of technological relatedness after firms were exposed to demand shocks. Evidence suggests related adjustment of firm production after demand shocks such that products unrelated to firms’ core product are dropped from the portfolio but related products are added.},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1932-6203}
}

@article{MTMT:33902926,
	title = {Can value chain integration explain the diverging economic performance within the EU?},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33902926},
	author = {Kugler, Agnes and Reinstaller, Andreas and Friesenbichler, Klaus S.},
	doi = {10.1007/s40812-022-00236-y},
	journal-iso = {ECON POL IND},
	journal = {ECONOMIA E POLITICA INDUSTRIALE /JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND BUSINESS ECONOMICS},
	volume = {50},
	unique-id = {33902926},
	issn = {0391-2078},
	abstract = {This paper studies the interplay of integration into EU value chains and industrial development measured by labour productivity. We focus on the mediating role of domestic institutions compared to technological determinants for the distribution of the economic value generated along the European and global value chains. Our integration indicator measures value chain trade within the Single Market relative to global value chain networks. Using a simultaneous equation model, we find an overall positive effect of integration on labour productivity, which is driven by upstream integration. While the effect of productivity on integration is positive, it decreases with increasing productivity levels. Highly productive industries rather seek global value chain trade than regional integration. Better domestic institutions facilitate EU integration, although they favour industries with less complex product portfolios and lower levels of knowledge cumulativeness. This creates politically unwanted specialisation effects leading to an unequal distribution of the economic value generated.},
	keywords = {PRODUCTIVITY; INSTITUTIONS; Value chains; industrial development; EU integration; Product complexity},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1972-4977},
	pages = {25-47},
	orcid-numbers = {Reinstaller, Andreas/0000-0002-3814-4507}
}

@article{MTMT:34293414,
	title = {The costs of bureaucracy and corruption at customs: Evidence from the computerization of imports in Colombia},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34293414},
	author = {Laajaj, Rachid and Eslava, Marcela and Kinda, Tidiane},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jpubeco.2023.104969},
	journal-iso = {J PUBLIC ECON},
	journal = {JOURNAL OF PUBLIC ECONOMICS},
	volume = {225},
	unique-id = {34293414},
	issn = {0047-2727},
	abstract = {We assess the effects of the computerization of import transactions in Colombia on import volume, port efficiency and the performance of manufacturing firms. Staggered implementation allows us to identify the causal effects of the reform. We find that computerization triggered a significant increase in reported imports in reformed ports compared to nonreformed ones, along with a sizeable increase in tax collection. Our results indicate that a combination of factors underpin the increase in declared imports: an actual increase in firms' imports, a reduction in import underreporting and a redirection of imports from nonreformed to reformed ports that reveals importers' preference for the latter. Other signs of reduced corruption include increased predictability of clearance times and a reduction in the number of customs-related corruption cases prosecuted by the authorities. Importantly, increased imports lead to better firm performance: in municipalities associated with treated customs, sales of manufacturing firms increased by 5.2% for importers and shrunk by 3.9% for nonimporters. These effects increase over time and are concentrated in small- to medium-sized firms, which appear to have been the most affected by the nontariff barriers before computerization.},
	keywords = {Corruption; bureaucracy; FIRM; E-Government; Customs; imports},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {0047-2727}
}

@article{MTMT:33248748,
	title = {Supply Shocks in Supply Chains. Evidence from the Early Lockdown in China},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33248748},
	author = {Lafrogne-Joussier, Raphael and Martin, Julien and Mejean, Isabelle},
	doi = {10.1057/s41308-022-00166-8},
	journal-iso = {IMF ECON REV},
	journal = {IMF ECONOMIC REVIEW},
	volume = {71},
	unique-id = {33248748},
	issn = {2041-4161},
	abstract = {How do firms in global value chains react to input shortages? We examine micro-level adjustments to supply chain shocks, building on the Covid-19 pandemic as a case study. French firms sourcing inputs from China just before the early lockdown in the country experienced a relative drop in imports that increases from February to April 2020. This shock on input purchases transmits to the rest of the supply chain through exposed firm's domestic and export sales. Between February and June, firms exposed to the Chinese early lockdown experienced a 5.5% drop in domestic sales and a 5% drop in exports, in relative terms with respect to comparable non-exposed firms. The drop in foreign sales is entirely attributable to a lower volume of exports driven by a temporary withdrawal from occasional markets. We then dig into the heterogeneity of the transmission across treated firms. Whereas the ex-ante geographic diversification of inputs does not seem to mitigate the impact of the shock, firms with relatively high inventories have been able to absorb the supply shock better.},
	keywords = {Global value chains; Supply chain disruptions; COVID-19 pandemic; Transmission of shocks},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {2041-417X},
	pages = {170-215}
}

@article{MTMT:33902921,
	title = {Trade liberalization and firms' productivity in Vietnam. the role of local business environment},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33902921},
	author = {Le, Quoc Thai and Tomasi, Chiara},
	doi = {10.1080/00343404.2022.2155297},
	journal-iso = {REG STUD},
	journal = {REGIONAL STUDIES},
	volume = {57},
	unique-id = {33902921},
	issn = {0034-3404},
	abstract = {This paper examines how frictions in the local business environment where firms operate alter the productivity gains from trade. Using Vietnamese firm-level data from 2006 to 2012, the analysis provides robust evidence of a positive effect of trade opening on firms' efficiency. However, distortions that operate through certain local market features in the form of unenforceable property rights, an ineffective land-titling system, bureaucratic hurdles and labour market frictions play a crucial role in the transmission of trade liberalization shocks. These findings have important policy implications because they suggest that complementary policies addressing local market constraints need to be implemented alongside trade reforms.},
	keywords = {Trade liberalization; World Trade Organization (WTO) accession; local business environment; firms' productivity; Vietnamese micro-level data},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1360-0591},
	pages = {1681-1713},
	orcid-numbers = {Le, Quoc Thai/0000-0003-2386-2415; Tomasi, Chiara/0000-0002-1962-7351}
}

@article{MTMT:34293416,
	title = {Reexamining the Impact of Global Value Chain Participation on Regional Economic Growth: New Evidence Based on a Nonlinear Model and Spatial Spillover Effects with Panel Data from Chinese Cities},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34293416},
	author = {Li, Can and He, Qi and Ji, Han and Yu, Shengguo and Wang, Jiao},
	doi = {10.3390/su151813835},
	journal-iso = {SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL},
	journal = {SUSTAINABILITY},
	volume = {15},
	unique-id = {34293416},
	abstract = {This study utilizes panel data drawn from 239 Chinese cities, and it employs fixed-effects models, mediation models, and spatial spillover models to reexamine the actual impact of the global value chain's (GVC) participation on regional economic growth. The findings reveal that this impact exhibits a U-shaped nonlinear pattern, with the turning point of GVC occurring at 0.45, which is higher than that of 222 cities. Most cities are on the left side of the U-shaped curve, which corresponds with the second stage of the "in-out-in-again" GVC participation pattern (i.e., the "out" stage). During this stage, a decline in foreign value-added ratio (FVAR), with regard to exports (accompanied by an increase in the domestic value-added ratio), promotes economic growth. Innovation capability acts as a mediator in the relationship between GVC participation and economic growth. Furthermore, GVC participation has significant spillover effects on neighboring cities, with siphon and spillover effects coexisting. Thus, China should focus on establishing domestic value chains and innovation systems, achieving relative independence from existing GVCs dominated by developed countries, enhancing indigenous innovation capabilities, and laying the foundation for the third stage (in-again) of reintegration into GVCs, at the high value-added end, to achieve a higher level of openness. This study explores the nonlinear impact of GVC participation on regional economic growth in China from both theoretical and empirical perspectives, focusing on the finest divisions that remain feasible-cities. This approach expands and supplements the relevant field of research in valuable ways, yielding more realistic research conclusions and policy recommendations.},
	keywords = {Nonlinear analysis; economic growth; spatial spillover; innovation capability; GVC participation},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {2071-1050}
}

@article{MTMT:33902907,
	title = {The Sustainable Impact of Import on Chinese Residents' Happiness: Evidence from CGSS},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33902907},
	author = {Li, Shuyun and Wei, Mingxue and Elahi, Ehsan and Khalid, Zainab and Chen, Shaozhi},
	doi = {10.3390/su15086566},
	journal-iso = {SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL},
	journal = {SUSTAINABILITY},
	volume = {15},
	unique-id = {33902907},
	abstract = {In recent years, China's trade policy has been geared towards expanding imports and enhancing consumer welfare with a focus on sustainability. To investigate the sustainable impact of import trade on the well-being of residents, this study analyzed data from the China General Social Survey (CGSS) and import data from the General Administration of Customs of China spanning from 2003 to 2017. Using the Ordered Logit model, the study found that import trade can significantly improve residents' happiness in a sustainable manner. The impact of import trade on happiness varied among different education and income groups, with higher education and high-income groups showing the most significant effect. Furthermore, imports from G7 countries and sustainable consumer good imports were found to have the most significant positive impact on residents' happiness. The study suggests that import trade can promote sustainable development by upgrading product quality, increasing income, promoting employment, and improving health levels. These findings hold vital references and guiding significance for the formulation of sustainable trade policies and the realization of sustained high quality for the Chinese economy.},
	keywords = {CHINA; INCOME; CONSUMPTION; Happiness; imports},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {2071-1050}
}

@article{MTMT:34293419,
	title = {Export profitability and firm R&D: on China's export diversification under trade war},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34293419},
	author = {Liu, Duan and Wang, Qiuhong and Wang, Aidi and Yao, Shujie},
	doi = {10.1016/j.strueco.2023.07.012},
	journal-iso = {STRUCT CHANGE ECON DYNAM},
	journal = {STRUCTURAL CHANGE AND ECONOMIC DYNAMICS},
	volume = {67},
	unique-id = {34293419},
	issn = {0954-349X},
	abstract = {China has become the world's largest export economy and the Sino-US trade war since 2017 has brought about serious implications for its foreign trade. To mitigate the effect of the trade war, China has tried to diversify exports from the US to other major trade partners. This paper aims to study the impact of the trade war on the export profitability of Chinese manufacturing firms and examine the role of firm R & D activities in their export diversification process. It is found that under the trade war, firm export profitability with intensive exports to the US declined, but the negative shock is less potent for firms with more R & D activities. In addition, the resilience of R & D-intensive firms stems from two distinctive abilities, i.e., the ability to attract new customers in different alternative markets and the ability to optimize the composition of market niches.},
	keywords = {Export diversification; R & D; Sino-US trade war; Firm export profitability},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1873-6017},
	pages = {151-166}
}

@article{MTMT:33902905,
	title = {IMPACT OF IMPORTED INTERMEDIATE GOODS ON ENERGY-ENVIRONMENTAL EFFICIENCY: FIRM-LEVEL EVIDENCE FROM CHINA},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33902905},
	author = {LIU, S. U. and DAKOUO, C. Y. P. R. I. E. N. and WANG, R. O. N. G. B. O. and XIONG, H. A. N. Y. U.},
	doi = {10.1142/S021759082347001X},
	journal-iso = {SINGAP ECON REV},
	journal = {SINGAPORE ECONOMIC REVIEW},
	unique-id = {33902905},
	issn = {0217-5908},
	abstract = {Improving energy-environmental efficiency (EEE) is an important way to achieve China's carbon peak, carbon-neutral goals and green transformational development. The scale of imports of intermediate goods has been increasing rapidly with the deepening of China's opening up to the outside world, which has played a positive role in promoting high-quality development. Considering that enterprises are the main players in transforming energy consumption patterns and high-quality development, we investigated the impact of imported intermediate goods on EEE from a microfield perspective. The empirical results showed that imported intermediate goods significantly contributed to EEE and that firms' innovation capacity and productivity are the corresponding influencing mechanisms. The effects of importing intermediate goods in foreign-invested enterprises, enterprises in the eastern and coastal regions and capital-intensive enterprises are more obvious in improving EEE. Further expansion of imports of intermediate goods, enhancement of enterprises' capacity for independent innovation, deepening structural reforms and accelerated development of the digital economy can help enhance the promotional effect of imports of intermediate goods on enterprises' EEE.},
	keywords = {PSM-DID; Non-radial directional distance function; Imported Intermediate Goods; energy-environmental efficiency},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1793-6837}
}

@article{MTMT:34293427,
	title = {Imported inputs, firms' capabilities and productivity: evidence from emerging South Asian economies},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34293427},
	author = {Luqman, Muhammad and Murtaza, Ghulam},
	doi = {10.1108/IJOEM-05-2022-0745},
	journal-iso = {INT J EMERG MARKET},
	journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EMERGING MARKETS},
	unique-id = {34293427},
	issn = {1746-8809},
	abstract = {PurposeThe main purpose of this study is to examine the impact of imported inputs on firms' productivity in selected South Asian economies, namely Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. Furthermore, this study explores the complementarity between firms' capabilities and imported inputs in an augmented productivity framework.Design/methodology/approachA dataset comprising 7117 manufacturing firms of selected South Asian economies was taken from the World Bank for 2013 and 2014. The empirical analysis was based on stochastic frontier models, the ordinary least square method and instrumental variable estimation techniques.FindingsThe empirical results show that imported inputs have positive and significant effects on the firms' productivity in the selected countries. Moreover, the study findings demonstrate that firms' capabilities play a complementary role in expanding the firms' production frontier.Practical implicationsThe study outcomes suggest that reducing tariffs on imported inputs will enhance the firms' productivity in the selected emerging economies. However, the study further finds that the potential gain of imported inputs is conditional on the firm's capabilities. It implies that firms operating in these countries can improve their performance by allocating more resources to capabilities, such as workers' training, management and internal R&D effort.Originality/valueThe existing literature on the subject is sceptical about the positive impact of imported inputs on firms' productivity in the case of developing countries. In this regard, the shortage of skilled labour and firms' capabilities are compelling rationales that need to be explored. Thus, the potential contribution of the study lies in explaining the moderating role of firm's capabilities operating in the selected emerging economies in the nexus of imported inputs and productivity.},
	keywords = {PRODUCTIVITY; F14; Trade facilitation; J24; Imported inputs; L25; South Asian economies; Firms' capabilities},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1746-8817},
	orcid-numbers = {Luqman, Muhammad/0000-0002-7113-4642; Murtaza, Ghulam/0000-0002-5550-0446}
}

@article{MTMT:32976733,
	title = {Does import competition drive productivity growth? Evidence from Hungary's pre-accession import tariffs},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/32976733},
	author = {Maduko, Franklin},
	doi = {10.1007/s10290-022-00472-3},
	journal-iso = {REV WORLD ECON},
	journal = {REVIEW OF WORLD ECONOMICS},
	volume = {159},
	unique-id = {32976733},
	issn = {1610-2878},
	abstract = {This paper studies the effect of increased competition from imports on the productivity of firms. It proposes an empirical model that estimates productivity from sales revenue. The model addresses concerns associated with unobserved prices and demand conditions in revenue productivity. Unlike De Loecker (Econometrica 79(5):1407-1451, 2011), the model builds on recent evidence on the effect of exporting on firm-level prices by distinguishing between the export and domestic demand markets and integrating both in the supply function of firms. It applies this framework to study the effect that tariffs reduction on EU imports had on the efficiency of manufacturing firms in Hungary during the period 1996-2003, and finds that a 10-percentage point reduction in import tariffs on similar products manufactured by a firm raises the firm's productivity by 1.40%. This is in contrast to 2.35% when revenue productivity is used. The proposed model provides a simple framework that improves productivity estimates from sales data.},
	keywords = {imperfect competition; Production function; Trade liberalization; import competition},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1610-2886},
	pages = {437-466}
}

@article{MTMT:33902909,
	title = {Technological Sovereignty as Ability, Not Autarky},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33902909},
	author = {March, Christoph and Schieferdecker, Ina},
	doi = {10.1093/isr/viad012},
	journal-iso = {INT STUD REV},
	journal = {INTERNATIONAL STUDIES REVIEW},
	volume = {25},
	unique-id = {33902909},
	issn = {1521-9488},
	abstract = {Aspirations toward technological sovereignty increasingly pervade the political debate. Yet, an ambiguous definition leaves the exact goal of those aspirations and the policies to fulfil them unclear. This opens the door for vested interests who benefit from misinterpreting the goal, e.g., as a strive for autarky, nationalism, and the rollback of globalization. To close this gap, we show how certain key technologies challenge state sovereignty as conventionally understood. By interpreting technological sovereignty in this light, we develop a competence-based definition, which puts innovation policy at the core of fulfilling sovereignty aspirations. Moreover, we establish the important role of international cooperation and trade to enhance technological sovereignty understood as ability. Hence, autarky would be detrimental rather than helpful to technological sovereignty. Two case studies illustrate how innovation policy helps to achieve technological sovereignty.},
	keywords = {International Cooperation; innovation policy; EUV lithography; 0; 0; 0; Industrie 4; Industrie 4; technological sovereignty; soberania tecnologica; politica de innovacion; cooperacion internacional; Industria 4; litografia; souverainete technologique; politiques d'innovation; cooperation internationaux; impression lithographique},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1468-2486}
}

@article{MTMT:34293409,
	title = {The Downstream Impact of Upstream Tariffs: Evidence from Investment Decisions in Supply Chains},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34293409},
	author = {Martin, Thorsten and Otto, Clemens A.},
	doi = {10.1017/S0022109023000777},
	journal-iso = {J FINANC QUANT ANAL},
	journal = {JOURNAL OF FINANCIAL AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS},
	unique-id = {34293409},
	issn = {0022-1090},
	abstract = {We study how U.S. manufacturing firms' investment responds to tariff reductions in supplier industries. Our estimates, based on tariff reductions following multinational trade agreements, suggest that a hypothetical 10% reduction of all upstream tariffs would increase downstream investment by 4% to 6%. This estimate is not explained by decreasing uncertainty and stems from tariff reductions for homogeneous and low-R&D inputs, consistent with the investment response resulting from cost reductions rather than superior foreign technology embodied in imported inputs. Evidence from an instrumental variable estimation using the sudden increase in Chinese import penetration suggests that import competition also increases downstream investment.},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1756-6916}
}

@article{MTMT:33902913,
	title = {The complementarity effect of exporting, importing and R&D on the productivity of Ukrainian MNEs},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33902913},
	author = {Massini, Silvia and Piscitello, Lucia and Shevtsova, Yevgeniya},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ibusrev.2022.102055},
	journal-iso = {INT BUS REV},
	journal = {INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS REVIEW},
	volume = {32},
	unique-id = {33902913},
	issn = {0969-5931},
	abstract = {After two decades of research on Emerging Market Multinational Enterprises (EMNE), the debate still concerns the antecedents and strategies of their foreign expansion. However, much less has been said on the effects of international participation on their productivity. Building on insights from the Resource-Based View of the firm and agency theory, we develop hypotheses on the presence of complementarities among export, import and R&D and their impact on productivity. Our empirical analyses on a panel of 23,000 time-year observations of Ukrainian MNEs over the period 2000-2006, confirm that: (i) EMNEs benefit from complementarities stemming from the assimilation and integration of knowledge from international external sources (import and export) with internal knowledge (own R&D investment); (ii) the effect is more pronounced for private-owned enterprises (POEs) rather than state-owned enterprises (SOEs), and (iii) especially when they trade with partners in/from advanced markets.},
	keywords = {Ukraine; R&D; Exporting; absorptive capacity; Agency theory; resource based view; Importing; State-owned enterprises; Complementarities; productivityemerging markets},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1873-6149}
}

@article{MTMT:34293422,
	title = {The Effects of Strategic Goods Control on Productivity: The Case of Korea},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34293422},
	author = {Moon, Min Hye and Jang, Yong Joon},
	doi = {10.11644/KIEP.EAER.2023.27.2.419},
	journal-iso = {E ASIAN ECON REV},
	journal = {EAST ASIAN ECONOMIC REVIEW},
	volume = {27},
	unique-id = {34293422},
	issn = {2508-1640},
	abstract = {This paper empirically examines how controlling strategic goods affects productivity by focusing on Korean industries from 2015 to 2019. We hypothesize that strategic goods control positively affects productivity because it promotes international trade by making up for market failures, building up national credibility, and stabilizing market environment; in turn, international trade contributes to productivity growth. The regression results are congruent with our hypothesis. The effects of strategic goods control on productivity were positive and statistically significant in general. These positive effects were more prominent in the group of industries that include strategic goods and, thus, are technologically intensive. The results also support that international trade is a key medium for the effects of strategic goods control on productivity. Consequently, our empirical results support government policy on strategic goods control, ensuring that strategic goods control can contribute to economic growth by reducing diplomatic friction and stabilizing the global market.},
	keywords = {Total factor productivity; Strategic Goods Control},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {2508-1667},
	pages = {89-114}
}

@article{MTMT:33902918,
	title = {Does "network closure"beef up firms' performance?},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33902918},
	author = {Muscillo, Alessio and Pin, Paolo and Razzolini, Tiziano and Serti, Francesco},
	doi = {10.1016/j.socnet.2023.01.004},
	journal-iso = {SOC NETWORKS},
	journal = {SOCIAL NETWORKS},
	volume = {73},
	unique-id = {33902918},
	issn = {0378-8733},
	abstract = {In this paper we study whether "network closure "in the supply chain can explain the heterogeneity observed in firms' performance. Using unique panel data on trade flows among beef farms in the Italian region of Piedmont, we analyze a sequential supply chain characterized by the co-existence of two production goods: domestic cattle, of lower quality but less risky, and imported cattle, of higher quality but exposed to higher risks. Our findings indicate that network closure, a characteristic commonly linked to the enhancement of trustworthy relations and mutual cooperation, is associated with an increase in the performance of farms adopting the riskier production system. On the other hand, network closure does not affect the performance of farms using the more traditional and mature technology. Thus, trust may promote the use of inputs of superior quality.},
	keywords = {network closure; Import premium; Sequential supply chain},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1879-2111},
	pages = {89-103},
	orcid-numbers = {Muscillo, Alessio/0000-0002-2648-4272; Pin, Paolo/0000-0001-9907-4947; Serti, Francesco/0000-0002-8057-5298}
}

@article{MTMT:34616195,
	title = {Imports, supply chains and firm productivity},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34616195},
	author = {Newman, Carol and Rand, John and Tarp, Finn},
	doi = {10.1016/j.worlddev.2023.106371},
	journal-iso = {WORLD DEV},
	journal = {WORLD DEVELOPMENT: THE MULTI-DISCIPLINARY INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL DEVOTED TO THE STUDY AND PROMOTION OF WORLD DEVELOPMENT},
	volume = {172},
	unique-id = {34616195},
	issn = {0305-750X},
	abstract = {This paper explores how competition-induced productivity gains from imports in intermediate producing sectors transmit through the supply chain. Based on firm-level panel data from Vietnam, we show that in addition to the productivity premium associated with importing intermediate inputs, firms that use domestically-produced inputs from more import-intensive sectors also have higher productivity. We find evidence that import competition leads to product differentiation, in particular higher quality output in sectors where there is greater scope for quality variation, leading to better quality domestically-produced inputs. We also find evidence that nonimporting firms that experience productivity gains due to greater import intensity in upstream sectors change their input mix and become more capital intensive. We conclude that ignoring the gains from trade through this mechanism may significantly underestimate the impact of trade on productivity.},
	keywords = {PRODUCTIVITY; Vietnam; Supply chains; imports},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1873-5991},
	orcid-numbers = {Newman, Carol/0000-0002-1785-0891}
}

@article{MTMT:33248732,
	title = {The role of imported inputs in firms' productivity and exports: evidence from Indonesia},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33248732},
	author = {Pane, Deasy D. and Patunru, Arianto A.},
	doi = {10.1007/s10290-022-00476-z},
	journal-iso = {REV WORLD ECON},
	journal = {REVIEW OF WORLD ECONOMICS},
	volume = {159},
	unique-id = {33248732},
	issn = {1610-2878},
	abstract = {The rise of economic protectionism worldwide has come with the re-emergence of mercantilist policies whereby governments push for exports while restricting imports. Against this populist approach, we show that importing inputs can raise productivity and export. Using firm-level data matched with very detailed customs data of Indonesia's exports and imports during 2008-2012, we apply instrumental variable strategy with import tariffs and import weighted real exchange rates as instruments for import of intermediate inputs. We find causality from imported inputs to productivity increase and export growth. Higher access to input varieties has a larger impact than an increase in import volume on export, implying that the main benefits of importing may come from access to broader alternatives of inputs. Furthermore, the impact is also larger when imports originate from developed countries, suggestive of a positive effect of technology and product quality.},
	keywords = {Total factor productivity; Export performance; imported intermediate inputs},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1610-2886},
	pages = {629-672}
}

@article{MTMT:34293421,
	title = {Trade reform, oligopsony, and labor market distortion: Theory and evidence},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34293421},
	author = {Pham, Hoang},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jinteco.2023.103787},
	journal-iso = {J INT ECON},
	journal = {JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS},
	volume = {144},
	unique-id = {34293421},
	issn = {0022-1996},
	abstract = {In a heterogeneous-firm model with oligopsonistic local labor markets, this paper shows that opening up to trade can affect distortion in such markets. The distortion arises because firms are large and able to exercise market power over their local workers. Using a panel dataset of Chinese manufacturing firms from 1998 to 2007, I measure firm-level labor market distortion and examine their evolution following China's trade policy reform in 2001. I find that labor market distortion is pervasive and the trade policy reform has led to a net reduction of the distortion in China's manufacturing sector, with a larger and significant effect working through the liberalization of input tariffs.& COPY; 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {PRODUCTIVITY; international trade; LABOR market; oligopsony},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1873-0353}
}

@article{MTMT:34293424,
	title = {The enhancing effect of imports of intermediate inputs on firms' exports},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34293424},
	author = {Requena, Francisco and Serrano, Guadalupe and Minguez, Raul},
	doi = {10.1111/twec.13467},
	journal-iso = {WORLD ECON},
	journal = {WORLD ECONOMY},
	volume = {46},
	unique-id = {34293424},
	issn = {0378-5920},
	abstract = {We investigate the impact of imports of intermediate inputs on export value and portfolio among Spanish regular two-way trade of manufacturing firms over the period 1997-2018. After controlling for firm characteristics and addressing endogeneity, we find that firms that import intermediate inputs from non-EUEFTA countries enhance the volume and scope of their EU15 exports. The magnitude of the impact is similar for high-income countries and low-income countries and there are no changes in sourcing patterns before or after the financial crisis.},
	keywords = {firm-level data; exports value; firm scope; imports of intermediate inputs; pre and post-crisis; sourcing countries},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1467-9701},
	pages = {2654-2683}
}

@article{MTMT:33248758,
	title = {The impact of environmental regulations on corporate productivity via import behaviour. the case of China's manufacturing corporations},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33248758},
	author = {Sheng, Jichuan and Xin, Jing and Zhou, Weihai},
	doi = {10.1007/s10668-022-02193-x},
	journal-iso = {ENVIRON DEV SUSTAIN},
	journal = {ENVIRONMENT DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY},
	volume = {25},
	unique-id = {33248758},
	issn = {1387-585X},
	abstract = {With the widespread implementation of environmental regulations worldwide, their impact on corporate productivity has received increasing attention. Current studies primarily examined the impact of environmental regulations on corporate productivity from the mediating effect of innovation and failed to consider the mediating effect of import behaviour. We scrutinised the relationship between the stringency of environmental regulations and the quality of imported products, and its effects on corporate productivity, in the case of China's manufacturing corporations. Moreover, we analysed the heterogeneity of these effects from the perspective of ownership and location. The findings show that the increasing stringency of environmental regulations prompts corporations to improve the quality of imported products rather than to transfer polluting industries; thus, it does not pose a threat to the environment of neighbouring countries. Besides, the increasing stringency of environmental regulations also leads to learning effects and improvements in imported product quality, thereby increasing corporate productivity. Finally, the effects of the interaction between environmental regulations and import behaviour on corporate productivity are heterogeneous, as they depend on the type of ownership and corporate location. Therefore, the focus on import behaviour improves the current understanding and contributes a heuristic investigation to the current debate on the relationship between environmental regulations, import behaviour, and corporate productivity.},
	keywords = {Environmental regulations; mediating effect; Corporate productivity; Manufacturing corporations; Quality of imported products},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1573-2975},
	pages = {3671-3697},
	orcid-numbers = {Sheng, Jichuan/0000-0002-0199-3994}
}

@article{MTMT:34293413,
	title = {Review and assessment of import diversification methods and measures in the primary economic sector},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34293413},
	author = {Streimikiene, Dalia and Lekavicius, Vidas and Siksnelyte-butkiene, Indre},
	doi = {10.46544/AMS.v28i1.08},
	journal-iso = {ACTA MONTAN SLOVACA},
	journal = {ACTA MONTANISTICA SLOVACA},
	volume = {28},
	unique-id = {34293413},
	issn = {1335-1788},
	abstract = {The diversification of import plays a very important role in the current world full of risks and political perturbations. Covid-19 lockdowns and Russian -Ukrainian war cause disruptions in supply chains. Therefore, import diversification is very important for ensuring the country's supply security. There are many measures and tools developed for assessing economic diversification, including import diversification though the majority of studies are addressing export diversification and analyzing the importance of economic diversification for economic growth and macro-economic stability in the primary sector. However, risks of supply disruptions, especially in the current globalized world, can cause many problems for specific industries, regions and countries. There is a literature gap on the analysis of import diversification methods and measures in terms of their suitability for economic analysis and decision-making in all economic sectors, including mining. The paper aims to overcome this gap by analyzing import diversification measures based on a systematic literature review and assessing them according to the main criteria of suitability for economic analysis and decision-making: simplicity, data availability, comparability and transparency. The ranking of import diversification methods and measures was provided based on conducted analysis and assessment.},
	keywords = {Measures; Economic diversification; Multi-criteria assessment; import diversification},
	year = {2023},
	pages = {83-97},
	orcid-numbers = {Streimikiene, Dalia/0000-0002-3247-9912}
}

@article{MTMT:34293410,
	title = {The impact of intermediate product imports on industrial pollution emissions: Evidence from 30 industries in China},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34293410},
	author = {Wan, Lu and Mao, Yuling and Fu, Yizhong and Wan, Xiya},
	doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0292347},
	journal-iso = {PLOS ONE},
	journal = {PLOS ONE},
	volume = {18},
	unique-id = {34293410},
	issn = {1932-6203},
	abstract = {Open and sustainable development is the theme that underpins a country's high-quality economic development. This study uses GMM regression, mediation effect test to conduct empirical tests based on the panel data of China's industrial sectors from 2003 to 2015 to analyze the internal mechanism of the impact of intermediate product imports on China's industrial pollution emissions. The results show that (1) Intermediate product imports can significantly promote the emission reduction of industrial wastes, including wastewater, waste gas and solid waste. (2) Considering the differences in the level of pollution intensity, this paper classified the sample and found the impact is heterogeneous that for the heavily, moderately, lightly polluted industries, intermediate product imports have different negative impacts on their pollution emissions. (3) Intermediate products imports reduce industrial pollution emissions through import competition effect, variety effect and technology spillover effect, and all of them play a partial mediating role.},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1932-6203},
	orcid-numbers = {Wan, Lu/0000-0001-6862-7596}
}

@article{MTMT:33248745,
	title = {The impact of artificial intelligence industry agglomeration on economic complexity},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33248745},
	author = {Yang, Shoufu and Ma, Dan and Shen, Zuiyi and Wen, Lin and Dong, Li},
	doi = {10.1080/1331677X.2022.2089194},
	journal-iso = {ECON RES-EKON ISTRAZ},
	journal = {ECONOMIC RESEARCH-EKONOMSKA ISTRAZIVANJA},
	volume = {36},
	unique-id = {33248745},
	issn = {1331-677X},
	abstract = {Artificial intelligence (AI) is a fundamental driver of technological and economic growth. However, few studies have focused on the impact of AI industry agglomeration on economic complexity. This study uses a unique dataset of 2,503,795 AI enterprises in China collected through web crawlers to measure AI industrial agglomeration and examine the relationship between AI industry agglomeration and economic complexity in 194 Chinese cities based on Marshall industry agglomeration theory. The study's results show that AI industry clustering increases economic complexity. The mechanism analysis indicates that people and knowledge are the channels through which it boosts economic complexity. Unexpectedly, AI industry agglomeration does not improve the economic complexity index (ECI) through the goods path. This study proposes three possible explanations for this result. First, AI industrial clustering may lead to excessive rivalry in China's intermediate product market. Hence, sharing intermediate inputs has no increasing returns effect. Second, the city's high-end talent is not fairly distributed due to China's uneven development. Finally, policies drive the formation of China's AI industrial agglomeration, which does not develop naturally. Consequently, China should implement a talent- and knowledge-driven AI agglomeration. To avoid overcrowding, policies must match regional development.},
	keywords = {Artificial intelligence; economic complexity; industry agglomeration; agglomeration externality},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1848-9664},
	pages = {1420-1448}
}

@article{MTMT:33902910,
	title = {Human capital and domestic value added in exports: evidence from China},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33902910},
	author = {Yue, Wen},
	doi = {10.1080/00036846.2023.2206631},
	journal-iso = {APPL ECON},
	journal = {APPLIED ECONOMICS},
	unique-id = {33902910},
	issn = {0003-6846},
	abstract = {Based on the data of Chinese manufacturing firms from 2000 to 2006, this study takes the university enrolment expansion policy implemented by the Chinese government in 1999 as a quasi-natural experiment, and uses the difference-in-difference (DID) method to identify the effect of human capital expansion on the ratio of domestic value added in exports to gross exports (DVAR) of firms. Results show that human capital expansion significantly improves the firms' DVAR through the 'intermediate product substitution' channel (promoting firms to use more domestic intermediate inputs to replace imported intermediate inputs in production) and the 'markup' channel (promoting the increase of firms' markup). At the same time, significant heterogeneity exists in the effects of human capital expansion on the DVAR of different types of firms. These results provide new empirical evidence from the perspective of firm DVAR for further understanding of the microeconomic effects of human capital.},
	keywords = {Human capital; DID; Higher education expansion; DVAR},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1466-4283}
}

@article{MTMT:34293425,
	title = {How Does Trade Openness Affect Output Growth? A Perspective from the Input Diversity},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34293425},
	author = {Yu, Jiajie and Meng, Shuang},
	doi = {10.3390/su15119039},
	journal-iso = {SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL},
	journal = {SUSTAINABILITY},
	volume = {15},
	unique-id = {34293425},
	abstract = {Globalization has led to a rapid increase in the international trade of intermediate goods, which plays a vital role in economic growth. This study investigates whether trade openness facilitates output growth by improving access to intermediate inputs. In particular, it has been examined whether industrial sectors with higher intermediate input diversity grow relatively faster in countries that are more open to trade. Through the adoption of the difference-in-differences approach, we find strong evidence that this is indeed the case based on a large cross-country sample. The empirical estimation indicates that industries more diversified in intermediate inputs will grow by 2.6 percentage points faster in more outward-oriented countries. Furthermore, our results are robust to various specification checks and are unlikely to be driven by omitted variables, outliers, or reverse causality. By identifying the mechanism through which trade openness facilitates output growth, our study highlights the additional gains from trade liberalization that may be undermined by increased protectionism, especially for industrial sectors that rely on diversified intermediate inputs.},
	keywords = {Intermediate inputs; trade openness; output growth; Herfindahl index},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {2071-1050},
	orcid-numbers = {Yu, Jiajie/0000-0003-3708-6605; Meng, Shuang/0000-0002-9147-0408}
}

@article{MTMT:33902916,
	title = {What You Import Matters},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33902916},
	author = {Zhou, Jishun and Hong, Xiaoyu},
	doi = {10.1080/1540496X.2023.2181070},
	journal-iso = {EMERG MARK FINANC TR},
	journal = {EMERGING MARKETS FINANCE AND TRADE},
	volume = {59},
	unique-id = {33902916},
	issn = {1540-496X},
	abstract = {This study examines whether the type of imported good affects manufacturing upgrading. Based on city-level data for China from 2003 to 2013, we show that the expansion of imports significantly promotes the upgrading of the manufacturing industry. Parts imports, capital goods imports, and consumer goods imports are positively associated with manufacturing upgrading, while primary goods imports have a negative impact. The mechanism test shows that technology improvement and consumption expansion are important channels. The regression results at the disaggregated industry level further confirm these channels.},
	keywords = {Technological improvement; Import structure; manufacturing upgrading},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1558-0938},
	pages = {2456-2469}
}

@article{MTMT:33248738,
	title = {Global value chains, trade liberalization, and productivity. a stochastic frontier analysis of Chinese manufacturing firms},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33248738},
	author = {Zhu, Haoliang},
	doi = {10.1080/00036846.2022.2097190},
	journal-iso = {APPL ECON},
	journal = {APPLIED ECONOMICS},
	volume = {55},
	unique-id = {33248738},
	issn = {0003-6846},
	abstract = {This article estimates the total factor productivity (TFP) growth of Chinese manufacturing firms and quantifies how international sourcing and trade liberalization affect TFP growth. To this end, we estimate stochastic frontier production that decomposes TFP growth into technical changes, returns to scale, and technical efficiency changes. Furthermore, we consider two channels through which external factors affect TFP growth: technical change and technical efficiency change components. We measure international sourcing and trade liberalization by foreign value-added shares and input tariffs, respectively. Several novel findings emerge. First, international sourcing and import tariff reduction positively impact TFP growth by improving technical changes and technical efficiency. Second, international sourcing has a negative effect on the technical changes of processing importers, while it has positive effects on the technical change and technical efficiency change of ordinary importers. Third, input tariff reduction has a substantial and positive impact on the technical efficiency change of processing importers and the technical change of ordinary importers.},
	keywords = {EFFICIENCY; Trade liberalization; Total factor productivity; international outsourcing},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1466-4283},
	pages = {1422-1435}
}

@article{MTMT:33248728,
	title = {Export Prices, Imported Inputs, and Domestic Supply Networks},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33248728},
	author = {Akgunduz, Yusuf Emre and Fendoglu, Salih},
	doi = {10.1057/s41308-022-00159-7},
	journal-iso = {IMF ECON REV},
	journal = {IMF ECONOMIC REVIEW},
	volume = {70},
	unique-id = {33248728},
	issn = {2041-4161},
	abstract = {We study the impact of import intensity in production of exporters and their suppliers on exchange rate pass-through to export prices. For identification, we use rich micro-level databases - domestic firm-to-firm sales and firm-product-level customs - from a large emerging market, Turkey. We find that ignoring suppliers' import reliance misses nearly half of the picture: while exporters' degree of reliance on own imported goods is 24%, this number reaches nearly 40% once their suppliers are taken into account. A higher degree of import reliance by exporters' suppliers significantly increases pass-through to export prices by inducing higher imports-driven marginal costs passing over to downstream exporters. Moreover, exporters with a higher concentration in their domestic supply networks have a higher pass-through.},
	keywords = {Exports; Exchange rate pass-through; Import reliance; Domestic supply networks},
	year = {2022},
	eissn = {2041-417X},
	pages = {383-419}
}

@article{MTMT:33248746,
	title = {Robot adoption and export performance: Firm-level evidence from Spain},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33248746},
	author = {Alguacil, Maite and Lo Turco, Alessia and Martinez-Zarzoso, Inmaculada},
	doi = {10.1016/j.econmod.2022.105912},
	journal-iso = {ECON MODEL},
	journal = {ECONOMIC MODELLING},
	volume = {114},
	unique-id = {33248746},
	issn = {0264-9993},
	abstract = {Export activities are crucial for firm performance. Existing evidence shows that technology adoption is an essential determinant of firm competitiveness. Nevertheless, scarce attention has been devoted to robotisation, a new technology that firms increasingly adopt. We investigate the effect of robot adoption on the intensive and extensive margins of exports of Spanish manufacturing firms over the period 1990-2014. We combine the pro-pensity score matching (PSM) and difference in differences (DID) techniques and find that firms adopting robots experience a sharp increase in their export probability, export sales and share of exports in total output. This result persists after a wide array of robustness checks, including the use of instrumental variables. Robot adoption fa-vours export entry and survival and fosters the export activity of intermediate goods' producers. The positive impact of robot adoption on exports is driven by its positive effect on firm total factor productivity, product innovation and importing.},
	keywords = {Robots; FIRM; Exports; PSM; Extensive margin; Intensive margin; imports; DID},
	year = {2022},
	eissn = {1873-6122},
	orcid-numbers = {Alguacil, Maite/0000-0002-6501-9170}
}

@article{MTMT:33248724,
	title = {Risks and Global Supply Chains: What We Know and What We Need to Know},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33248724},
	author = {Baldwin, Richard and Freeman, Rebecca},
	doi = {10.1146/annurev-economics-051420-113737},
	journal-iso = {ANNU REV ECON},
	journal = {ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECONOMICS},
	volume = {14},
	unique-id = {33248724},
	issn = {1941-1383},
	abstract = {Recent supply disruptions catapulted the issue of risk in global supply chains (GSCs) to the top of policy agendas and created the impression that shortages would have been less severe if GSCs had been either shorter and more domestic or more diversified. But is this right? We start our answer by reviewing studies that look at risks to and from GSCs and at how GSCs have recovered from past shocks. We then look at whether GSCs are too risky, starting with business research on how firms approach the cost-resilience trade-off. We propose the risk-versus-reward framework from portfolio theory as a good way to evaluate whether anti-risk policy is justified. We then discuss how exposures to foreign shocks are measured and argue that exposure is higher than direct indicators imply. Finally, we consider the future of GSCs in light of current policy proposals and advancing technology before pointing to the rich menu of topics for future research on the risk-GSC nexus.},
	keywords = {RISK; globalization; RESILIENCE; GSCs; Global supply chains; input reliance},
	year = {2022},
	eissn = {1941-1391},
	pages = {153-180}
}

@article{MTMT:32796389,
	title = {Services trade and labor market outcomes. Evidence from Italian firms},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/32796389},
	author = {Bamieh, Omar and Bripi, Francesco and Fiorini, Matteo},
	doi = {10.1111/roie.12581},
	journal-iso = {REV INT ECON},
	journal = {REVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS},
	volume = {30},
	unique-id = {32796389},
	issn = {0965-7576},
	year = {2022},
	eissn = {1467-9396},
	pages = {673-701}
}

@article{MTMT:33248715,
	title = {The Comparative Advantage of Firms},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33248715},
	author = {Boehm, Johannes and Dhingra, Swati and Morrow, John},
	doi = {10.1086/720630},
	journal-iso = {J POLIT ECON},
	journal = {JOURNAL OF POLITICAL ECONOMY},
	volume = {130},
	unique-id = {33248715},
	issn = {0022-3808},
	abstract = {Resource-based theories propose that firms grow by diversifying into products that use common capabilities. We provide evidence for common-input capabilities, using a policy that removed entry barriers in input markets to show that the similarity of a firm's and an industry's input mix determines firm production choices. We model industry choice and economies of scope from input capabilities. When the model is estimated for Indian manufacturing, input complementarities make firms 5% more likely to produce in an industry and are quantitatively as important as time-invariant drivers of coproduction rates. Upstream entry barriers were equivalent to a 9.5% tariff on inputs.},
	year = {2022},
	eissn = {1537-534X},
	pages = {3025-3100}
}

@article{MTMT:32321540,
	title = {Innovation drivers of external competitiveness in the great recession},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/32321540},
	author = {Brancati, Emanuele and Brancati, Raffaele and Guarascio, Dario and Zanfei, Antonello},
	doi = {10.1007/s11187-021-00453-0},
	journal-iso = {SMALL BUS ECON},
	journal = {SMALL BUSINESS ECONOMICS},
	volume = {58},
	unique-id = {32321540},
	issn = {0921-898X},
	abstract = {This paper explores the main drivers of firms' external competitiveness in times of crisis. We focus on the aftermath of the Great Recession (2008-2015) and present evidence based on a comprehensive survey of Italian companies (the MET dataset). Overall, our results highlight not only the strict correlation between internationalization and innovative activities but also a positive change of attitude of Italian firms towards these strategies. We show that, while structural factors play a key role for external competitiveness, other critical aspects trigger superior performances, especially strategic profiles, technological capabilities, and proactive behaviors such as innovativeness and R&D investment. Importantly, we document disproportionate effects of innovation for smaller and less productive companies. This points at dynamic strategies as a potential tool to fill the gap between larger/more productive companies and the set of less structured firms, a segment representing an ideal target for policy measures.},
	keywords = {innovation; competitiveness; internationalization; SMEs; d; R&},
	year = {2022},
	eissn = {1573-0913},
	pages = {1497-1516},
	orcid-numbers = {Guarascio, Dario/0000-0002-2748-6472}
}

@article{MTMT:33248719,
	title = {How dual value chain embedding affects energy efficiency in China},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33248719},
	author = {Chen, Guo and Cheng, Shixiong and Gao, Qizheng and Li, Baoxi},
	doi = {10.3389/fenvs.2022.967470},
	journal-iso = {FRONT ENV SCI-SWITZ},
	journal = {FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE},
	volume = {10},
	unique-id = {33248719},
	abstract = {Since the financial crisis, especially after the outbreak of COVID-19, the global trade division of labor has been changing rapidly. The global value chain (GVC) keeps shrinking while the domestic value chain (DVC) continues to develop. Therefore, it is important to re-examine the impact of different modes of value chain division of labor on China's energy efficiency. In this study, we first constructed an input-output model of provinces embedded in the world to measure the dual embedding of domestic and global value chains. Then we used a three-dimensional fixed-effect model to study the impact and mechanism of dual value chain embedding on energy efficiency. We found that domestic value chain embedding inhibits energy efficiency improvement and global value chain embedding promotes energy efficiency improvement. A series of robustness and endogeneity tests support these findings. The heterogeneity tests revealed that the effects of dual value chain embedding on energy efficiency are more pronounced in low-polluting industries, high-tech industries, years before 2008, and coastal regions. The mechanism test revealed that DVC embedding inhibits energy efficiency by exacerbating the low-end lock-in effect, reducing environmental regulation and scale efficiency, and it increases energy efficiency by increasing technological progress efficiency. GVC embedding improves energy efficiency by weakening the low-end lock-in effect and increasing technical efficiency and scale efficiency, and it inhibits energy efficiency improvement by reducing environmental regulation and technological progress efficiency.},
	keywords = {Energy efficiency; global value chain; domestic value chain; dual embedding; final demand},
	year = {2022},
	eissn = {2296-665X}
}

@article{MTMT:33248730,
	title = {Better, Faster, Stronger: Global Innovation and Trade Liberalization},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33248730},
	author = {Coelli, Federica and Moxnes, Andreas and Ulltveit-Moe, Karen Helene},
	doi = {10.1162/rest_a_00951},
	journal-iso = {REV ECON STAT},
	journal = {REVIEW OF ECONOMICS AND STATISTICS},
	volume = {104},
	unique-id = {33248730},
	issn = {0034-6535},
	abstract = {This paper estimates the effect on innovation of increased market access facilitated by trade liberalization. We use a novel empirical design that exploits tariff cuts during the 1990s, along with detailed data on innovation among firms from 65 countries. Our results reveal a large effect of tariff cuts on innovation as measured by patent data, suggesting that multilateral liberalization has promoted innovation and growth. These effects are not driven by the deterioration of innovation quality, and the results are robust to controlling for changes in the patent system and to industry-wide trends in innovation.},
	year = {2022},
	eissn = {1530-9142},
	pages = {205-216}
}

@article{MTMT:33248752,
	title = {The effects of a trade shock on gender-specific labor market outcomes in Brazil},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33248752},
	author = {Connolly, Laura},
	doi = {10.1016/j.labeco.2021.102085},
	journal-iso = {LABOUR ECON},
	journal = {LABOUR ECONOMICS},
	volume = {74},
	unique-id = {33248752},
	issn = {0927-5371},
	abstract = {As countries around the world increasingly engage in international trade, labor markets respond, creating both winners and losers. In this paper, I analyze the impact of a trade shock on gender-specific local labor market outcomes in Brazil. I use an instrumental variable approach and population census data for Brazil to estimate the effect of both increased imports from China and increased exports to China on male and female local labor market outcomes from 2000 to 2010. Regions more exposed to imports from China experience slower wage growth in the traded and formal sectors, but the declines are significantly larger for men, particularly in sectors with low shares of female employment. Exports have a positive association with wage growth, but no relationship with employment growth. Import-induced wage declines are coupled with significant employment growth in the formal sector. The gains for women are nearly double those for men, increasing the share of female employment in the formal sector. Regions more exposed to Chinese imports also experience an increase in the female employment to population ratio and a decrease in male and female unemployment rates. Thus, trade with China induces new workers into the labor market, reduces unemployment, and reallocates labor to the formal sector. These employment gains are strongest for women, signaling reduced employment barriers for females. Further, as employment reallocates to the formal sector, occupation segregation declines, highlighting an additional avenue through which trade can have gendered labor market effects.},
	keywords = {gender; BRAZIL; LABOR market; TRADE; Occupation segregation},
	year = {2022},
	eissn = {1879-1034}
}

@article{MTMT:32321518,
	title = {Industrial plans, export destinations and product quality},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/32321518},
	author = {Dong, Jiemiao and Mi, Yinxia and Yu, Zhuangxiong},
	doi = {10.1111/twec.13169},
	journal-iso = {WORLD ECON},
	journal = {WORLD ECONOMY},
	volume = {45},
	unique-id = {32321518},
	issn = {0378-5920},
	abstract = {This paper explores the links between policy support, export destinations and product quality. Depending on the export industry and target destination (policy support, income level), the theories suggest a competing relationship between policy support and high-income exporting on quality upgrading. Consistent with the notion that policy support only matters when exporting to low-income destinations, empirical results show that policy support improves exporters' product quality and mitigates the inefficiency of the quality valuation mechanism when exporting to low-income countries, but reduces product quality by distorting the quality valuation mechanism when exporting to high-income countries. These results are robust within different measures of policy support and product quality. Heterogeneity analyses show that the impact of policy support and its relationship with high-income exporting only held for firms with high extensive margins, while foreign ownership and export duration can mitigate the quality reduction impact caused by policy support for high-income exporting.},
	keywords = {Product quality; export destination; industrial plans},
	year = {2022},
	eissn = {1467-9701},
	pages = {812-840}
}

@article{MTMT:33902925,
	title = {The impact of the Russian Aggression against Ukraine on the Russia-EU Trade},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33902925},
	author = {Estrada, Mario Arturo Ruiz and Koutronas, Evangelos},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jpolmod.2022.06.004},
	journal-iso = {J POLICY MODEL},
	journal = {JOURNAL OF POLICY MODELING},
	volume = {44},
	unique-id = {33902925},
	issn = {0161-8938},
	abstract = {This paper intends to establish conceptual foundations for analyzing the economic dimensions of a territorial military conflict. The Intraregional Trade Disruption from War Simulator (ITDW-Simulator) attempts to estimate the heterogeneous macroeconomic effects of the military conflict. The model suggests two primary indicators and four secondary indicators. The final trade suffocation index ((TS-Index)) and the final investment desgrowth from war function (-delta(w)) measure trade disruption's potential impact on international trade patterns and economic development. The agriculture exports, industrial and manufacturing exports, service exports, and FDI flows capture the trade and investment interdependency. The model investigates the impact of the Russo-Ukraine military conflict on the bilateral trade and investment between the Russian Federation and the European Union. (C) 2022 The Society for Policy Modeling. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {European Union; international trade; Ukraine; Russia; Trade suffocation},
	year = {2022},
	eissn = {1873-8060},
	pages = {599-616}
}

@article{MTMT:33248753,
	title = {Import liberalization and export product mix},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33248753},
	author = {Fan, Haichao and Luong, Tuan Anh and Lai, Edwin L. -C and Zhang, Lina},
	doi = {10.1111/caje.12573},
	journal-iso = {CAN J ECON},
	journal = {CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS / REVUE CANADIENNE D ECONOMIQUE},
	volume = {55},
	unique-id = {33248753},
	issn = {0008-4085},
	abstract = {This paper develops a monopolistic competition model of multi-product firms to explain the effect of trade liberalization on the product mix of multi-product exporting firms. The model shows that input-tariff reduction leads to increases in a firm's export values, especially for products that are farther from a firm's core competency. To test the theoretical predictions, we use the merged data built upon the highly disaggregated Chinese firm-level production data and customs data for 2000-2006. Consistent with the theory, the positive impact of input trade liberalization on export value is found to be more pronounced for peripheral products, and input-tariff reduction also expands a firm's product scope, affecting firm's average productivity.},
	year = {2022},
	eissn = {1540-5982},
	pages = {419-457}
}

@article{MTMT:33248734,
	title = {Does trade in services improve carbon efficiency? -Analysis based on international panel data},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33248734},
	author = {Feng, Rui and Shen, Chen and Huang, Liangxiong and Tang, Xuan},
	doi = {10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121298},
	journal-iso = {TECHNOL FORECAST SOC},
	journal = {TECHNOLOGICAL FORECASTING AND SOCIAL CHANGE},
	volume = {174},
	unique-id = {33248734},
	issn = {0040-1625},
	abstract = {Trade in services has become an important driving force of high-quality and low-carbon growth in the global economy. Existing literature has largely focused on carbon efficiency from the perspective of trade in (final or intermediate) goods, but this study is one of the first to use data from multiple countries to investigate the theoretical and empirical impacts of trade in services on carbon efficiency. Taking into consideration the factors of market size, technological innovation and structural adjustments, this study discusses the impact of import and export trade in services on carbon efficiency. Using a carbon efficiency index calculated with the slacks-based measure model under the variable return to scale assumption in combination with the Global Malmquist-Luenberger index, panel data from 55 countries around the world from 2001 to 2015 was used to empirically test the relationship. The following results were found: trade in services significantly improved carbon efficiency; other conditions being equal, an increase of 1% in total trade in services increased the carbon efficiency index by approximately 0.00194 units; the improvement in carbon efficiency as a result of trade in services was greater in exports; and imported services had an inhibitory effect on carbon efficiency. These results are robust and remain after accounting for endogenous issues. Further tests showed that service exports had a positive effect on carbon efficiency in different countries and industries, and imported services had different effects in each direction in different countries and different industries. In addition, following a change in national leader, the financial crisis in 2008, and the signing of the Kyoto Protocol, trade in services had a greater promotional effect on carbon efficiency. This article can serve as a theoretical reference on optimizing global trade in services and improving carbon efficiency.},
	keywords = {Moderation model; global Malmquist-Luenberger index; Trade in services; Carbon efficiency; International panel data},
	year = {2022},
	eissn = {1873-5509}
}

@article{MTMT:32321535,
	title = {Importing inputs for climate change mitigation. The case of agricultural productivity},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/32321535},
	author = {Garcia-Verdu, Rodrigo and Meyer-Cirkel, Alexis and Sasahara, Akira and Weisfeld, Hans},
	doi = {10.1111/roie.12551},
	journal-iso = {REV INT ECON},
	journal = {REVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS},
	volume = {30},
	unique-id = {32321535},
	issn = {0965-7576},
	abstract = {This paper investigates the effects of temperature on agricultural TFP growth rates during the period 1992-2015. We argue that higher temperatures impede TFP growth, particularly in low-income countries (LICs) using less imported inputs. Our estimates imply that a 1 degrees C rise in annual average temperatures reduces TFP growth rates by 5.2 percentage points in the LICs in question. However, LICs using greater amounts of imported inputs are less affected by temperatures, suggesting a new source of gains from imported inputs mitigating the adverse effects of rising temperatures.},
	year = {2022},
	eissn = {1467-9396},
	pages = {34-56},
	orcid-numbers = {Sasahara, Akira/0000-0002-4384-0806}
}

@article{MTMT:33248722,
	title = {Currency Shocks and Firm Behaviour in Ethiopia and Uganda},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33248722},
	author = {Gebrewolde, Tewodros and Koelle, Michael and Krishnan, Pramila and Mengistu, Andualem},
	doi = {10.1093/jae/ejac018},
	journal-iso = {J AFR ECON},
	journal = {JOURNAL OF AFRICAN ECONOMIES},
	volume = {31},
	unique-id = {33248722},
	issn = {0963-8024},
	abstract = {We examine the links between currency shocks and firm behaviour, with data from Ethiopia and Uganda-two countries with different exchange-rate regimes. We construct measures of currency shocks using matched customs and firm-level data, based on both the actual currency of invoicing and bilateral exchange rates. We find that currency depreciation based on the currency of invoicing to importers in Ethiopia lower the likelihood of using imported inputs, lower the share of imported inputs for firms and lower productivity. In contrast, there are no effects on any similar firm-level outcomes for Uganda. The use of bilateral currency shocks obtains confused results in both countries, signalling the value of using the currency of invoicing in this analysis.},
	keywords = {PRODUCTIVITY; FIRMS; Ethiopia; currency shock},
	year = {2022},
	eissn = {1464-3723},
	pages = {I59-I82}
}

@article{MTMT:32796456,
	title = {Productivity effects of processing and ordinary export market entry. A time‐varying treatments approach},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/32796456},
	author = {Girma, Sourafel and Görg, Holger},
	doi = {10.1111/roie.12580},
	journal-iso = {REV INT ECON},
	journal = {REVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS},
	volume = {30},
	unique-id = {32796456},
	issn = {0965-7576},
	year = {2022},
	eissn = {1467-9396},
	pages = {836-853},
	orcid-numbers = {Görg, Holger/0000-0002-0485-261X}
}

@article{MTMT:32796433,
	title = {Are importing and exporting complements or substitutes in an emerging economy? The case of Colombia},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/32796433},
	author = {Gómez‐Sánchez, Andrés Mauricio and Mañez, Juan A. and Sanchis‐Llopis, Juan A.},
	doi = {10.1111/roie.12582},
	journal-iso = {REV INT ECON},
	journal = {REVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS},
	volume = {30},
	unique-id = {32796433},
	issn = {0965-7576},
	year = {2022},
	eissn = {1467-9396},
	pages = {819-835},
	orcid-numbers = {Sanchis‐Llopis, Juan A./0000-0001-9664-4668}
}

@article{MTMT:33248726,
	title = {Input prices, productivity, and trade dynamics: long-run effects of liberalization on Chinese paint manufacturers},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33248726},
	author = {Grieco, Paul L. E. and Li, Shengyu and Zhang, Hongsong},
	doi = {10.1111/1756-2171.12420},
	journal-iso = {RAND J ECON},
	journal = {RAND JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS},
	volume = {53},
	unique-id = {33248726},
	issn = {0741-6261},
	abstract = {We develop a dynamic model to analyze the impact of input tariff liberalization on input prices, trading decisions, and productivity. Although input tariffs directly affect input price benefits of importing, their impact on trade participation generates indirect benefits through productivity improvements and complementarity between importing and exporting. To disentangle these effects, we separately measure importing's effect on input prices and productivity and examine Chinese paint manufacturers' reaction to input tariff liberalization. We find that a mild short-term effect of tariff liberalization is amplified in the long run by induced trade participation, resulting in even higher productivity and lower input prices.},
	keywords = {DYNAMICS; PRODUCTIVITY; CHINA; direct importing; imported intermediate inputs},
	year = {2022},
	eissn = {1756-2171},
	pages = {516-560},
	orcid-numbers = {Li, Shengyu/0000-0002-8465-3871}
}

@article{MTMT:33248725,
	title = {Trade Policy Uncertainty},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33248725},
	author = {Handley, Kyle and Limao, Nuno},
	doi = {10.1146/annurev-economics-021622-020416},
	journal-iso = {ANNU REV ECON},
	journal = {ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECONOMICS},
	volume = {14},
	unique-id = {33248725},
	issn = {1941-1383},
	abstract = {Trade policy uncertainty (TPU) has become an important source of economic uncertainty and research. We review the main sources and measures of TPU. We then provide a conceptual framework for modeling TPU and methods for estimating and quantifying its effects. We analyze its role in trade agreements and discuss open questions for future research.},
	keywords = {UNCERTAINTY; Trade agreements; trade policy},
	year = {2022},
	eissn = {1941-1391},
	pages = {363-395}
}

@article{MTMT:33248723,
	title = {Quality of imported intermediates, innovation behaviour and markups: Firm-level evidence from China},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33248723},
	author = {Huang, Xianhai and Wang, Yi and Zhu, Zhujun and Song, Xueyin},
	doi = {10.1111/twec.13270},
	journal-iso = {WORLD ECON},
	journal = {WORLD ECONOMY},
	volume = {45},
	unique-id = {33248723},
	issn = {0378-5920},
	abstract = {This paper examines whether higher quality imported intermediates can increase firms' markups. Based on the conceptual model, we first find that improving the quality of imported intermediates affects firms' decision-making in terms of innovation and firm-level markups through the price channel and the cost channel. We combine the annual survey data of Chinese industrial firms (ASIF), Chinese customs transactions and patent data to verify the theoretical propositions. The results report that: (1) there is a significantly positive correlation between the quality of imported intermediates and firms' markups; (2) innovation acts as a potential channel through which the quality of imported intermediates increases firms' markups; (3) by decomposing markups into the price channel and the cost channel, we find that the quality of imported intermediates affects firms' markups through the cost channel. Our results suggest that higher quality imported intermediates may improve firms' market power through innovation.},
	keywords = {innovation; firm-level markups; quality of imported intermediates},
	year = {2022},
	eissn = {1467-9701},
	pages = {2796-2819},
	orcid-numbers = {Zhu, Zhujun/0000-0003-3373-8725}
}

@article{MTMT:33048751,
	title = {Imported intermediates, technology spillover, and green development: Evidence from Chinese firms},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33048751},
	author = {Huang, Yingfei and Pei, Jiansuo},
	doi = {10.3389/fenvs.2022.909055},
	journal-iso = {FRONT ENV SCI-SWITZ},
	journal = {FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE},
	volume = {10},
	unique-id = {33048751},
	abstract = {Firms are critical stakeholders to achieve sustainable development. Thus, corporate environmental performance is a subject of broad concern. In an era of globalization, the relationship between trade and environment is hotly debated. One of the central questions is—will imported intermediates contribute to pollution abatement? Using Chinese firm-level data from 2000 to 2013, the article measures the technology spillover of imported intermediates and empirically tests the inhibitory effect and influence mechanism on pollution intensity with a fixed effects model and an instrumental variable approach. We find that: 1) the technology spillover directly increases innovation and indirectly affects innovation by importing diversity. Imported intermediates empower firms with insufficient innovation to control pollution. However, the incentive effect declines when innovation gradually improves. 2) The technology spillover diffuses along the industrial chain. Downstream firms benefit from the diffusion and thus have lower pollution intensity than upstream firms. 3) The technology spillover contributes to the end-of-pipe emission reduction. Also, it improves energy efficiency and promotes source governance. Furthermore, the environmental benefits of imported intermediates differ along a number of dimensions including sourcing countries, firm ownership, and location. Thus, we pinpoint a new channel concerning trade-induced technique effect. Meanwhile, our results confirm the rationale of liberalization and facilitation policies for imported intermediates, that is, trade policies have the potential to better contribute to sustainable development goals.},
	year = {2022},
	eissn = {2296-665X},
	pages = {1-15}
}

@article{MTMT:33248736,
	title = {Does Trade Facilitation Promote Export Technological Sophistication? Evidence From the European Transition Countries},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33248736},
	author = {Hu, Yuanhong and Jiang, Min and Sun, Sheng and Dai, Yixin},
	doi = {10.1177/21582440221106675},
	journal-iso = {SAGE OPEN},
	journal = {SAGE OPEN},
	volume = {12},
	unique-id = {33248736},
	issn = {2158-2440},
	abstract = {In this paper, we examine the impact of trade facilitation on the export technological sophistication from the European transition economies over 2004 to 2020. It is found that, in terms of trend, the export technological sophistication of labor-intensive and traditional resource-intensive industries is primarily concentrated in a lower range. In contrast, the export technological sophistication of capital and technology-intensive industries is generally low. Trade facilitation in each country shows a slow upward trend. The regression results show that trade facilitation significantly impacts the export technological sophistication of transition economies in general. In terms of heterogeneity, the impact is significant only in the Baltics economies, upper-middle-income and above countries, and to varying degrees in all types of light and heavy industries, differentiated industries, and technology-type industries. The mechanism analysis shows that the "reconfiguration" effect, "pushback" effect, and "spillover" effect are virtual channels through which trade facilitation affects the export technological sophistication.},
	keywords = {principal component analysis; Trade facilitation; export technological sophistication; European transition economies; doing business report},
	year = {2022},
	eissn = {2158-2440},
	orcid-numbers = {Hu, Yuanhong/0000-0001-8719-663X}
}

@article{MTMT:33248729,
	title = {Trading textiles along the new silk route: The impact on Pakistani firms of gaining market access to China},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33248729},
	author = {Jamil, Nida and Chaudhry, Theresa Thompson and Chaudhry, Azam},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jdeveco.2022.102935},
	journal-iso = {J DEV ECON},
	journal = {JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS},
	volume = {158},
	unique-id = {33248729},
	issn = {0304-3878},
	year = {2022},
	eissn = {1872-6089},
	orcid-numbers = {Jamil, Nida/0000-0002-4113-5337}
}

@article{MTMT:32321515,
	title = {Global value chain linkages and domestic value-added content. Empirical evidence},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/32321515},
	author = {Jangam, Bhushan Praveen and Rath, Badri Narayan},
	doi = {10.1108/SEF-09-2020-0383},
	journal-iso = {STUD ECON FIN},
	journal = {STUDIES IN ECONOMICS AND FINANCE},
	volume = {39},
	unique-id = {32321515},
	issn = {1086-7376},
	abstract = {Purpose This paper aims to examine the relationship between global value chains (GVCs) and domestic value-added content (DVA) in a panel of 58 countries for the period 2005-2015. Design/methodology/approach First, the authors quantify the refined measures of GVC linkages by using the Borin and Mancini (2019) decomposition technique. Second, the authors apply the feasible generalised least squares method to test the relationship between GVCs and DVA empirically. Findings First, the authors find that GVC links are crucial to the enhancement of DVA. Second, a study at the sectoral level reveals that GVC links in the primary sector raise DVA whilst reducing DVA in the services sector. Third, the authors find that only upstream activities enhance value-added content. Fourth, the authors note the augmenting role played by national policies in mediating the gains associated with GVCs. Finally, the authors note that the outcomes associated with GVCs are consistent when the sample of countries is divided into groups based on income. Practical implications The results lead us to urge policymakers to promote greater integration of business activities into GVCs to reap their benefits. Originality/value This paper contributes to the research on the impact of GVCs on DVA by emphasising the significance of the types of GVC activities and policies that improve DVA.},
	keywords = {Global value chains; F1; F12; cross-sectional dependence; Domestic value-added content; Value chain activities; FGLS; F15},
	year = {2022},
	pages = {593-616}
}

@article{MTMT:33902924,
	title = {Exchange Rate Appreciations and the Distribution of Productivity: Is Importing Inputs Sustainable for Emerging Countries?},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33902924},
	author = {Jiang, Chun and Wu, Fan and Yan, Huan},
	doi = {10.3390/su142215005},
	journal-iso = {SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL},
	journal = {SUSTAINABILITY},
	volume = {14},
	unique-id = {33902924},
	abstract = {A static model is used to investigate how the exchange rate movement affect the distribution of productivity within an industry. Quantile regression is then used to empirically test the effects of RMB exchange rate appreciation on the distribution of labor productivity within industries. Based on China's manufacturing micro-enterprise survey data from 1998 to 2007, we characterize how exchange rate changes affect the distribution of productivity through three mechanisms. We find that the exchange rate appreciation increases the dispersion of the productivity distribution and decrease the efficiency of resource allocation and aggregate productivity. The distribution of the import intensity may be the main cause for the increase in the productivity dispersion and the deterioration of the industrial resource allocation efficiency, which implies that foreign inputs improve the mean productivity of firms but decrease the resource allocation efficiency. China should tradeoff the gain in productivity and loss in allocation efficiency when it aims to implement a more elastic RMB exchange rate regime.},
	keywords = {productivity dispersion; exchange rate appreciation; imported intermediate input},
	year = {2022},
	eissn = {2071-1050}
}

@article{MTMT:33248757,
	title = {Exchange Rates, Optimization of Industrial Resources Allocation Efficiency, and Environmental Pollution: Evidence from China Manufacturing},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33248757},
	author = {Jiang, Chun and Wu, Fan},
	doi = {10.3390/su14053121},
	journal-iso = {SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL},
	journal = {SUSTAINABILITY},
	volume = {14},
	unique-id = {33248757},
	abstract = {The impact of exchange-rate fluctuations on resource reallocation is of particular interest to researchers and policymakers with China's further opening to the international market and the transformation of economic growth. With high-speed growth, pollution issues have become an international concern. This paper examines how RMB exchange-rate movements affect resource allocation efficiency within industries at different pollution levels, based on the data of Chinese industrial enterprises during 1998-2007. Unlike previous studies, we analyze how within-industry productivity dispersion reacts to exchange-rate appreciation from the perspective of the heterogeneity across firms in their exposure to foreign competition in each industry. Our findings suggest that appreciation causes an increase in productivity dispersion, which implies a decrease in resource allocation efficiency. The increased dispersion of industries with higher pollution levels is more diminutive than lower levels. The productivity dispersion is intended to shrink for high-polluting industries due to the real exchange-rate appreciation. Appreciation plays a positive role in efficiency for pollution-intensive industries.},
	keywords = {ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION; exchange rate; productivity dispersion},
	year = {2022},
	eissn = {2071-1050}
}

@article{MTMT:33248755,
	title = {The Temporal Features of China's Opening to the Outside World and Its Theoretical Construction},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33248755},
	author = {Jiang Xiaojuan and Meng Lijun},
	doi = {10.1080/02529203.2022.2051889},
	journal-iso = {SOCIAL SCIENCES IN CHINA},
	journal = {SOCIAL SCIENCES IN CHINA},
	volume = {43},
	unique-id = {33248755},
	issn = {0252-9203},
	abstract = {Over the past 40-plus years of reform and opening up, China has taken a unique path of development that complies with both its national conditions and the laws of development. This paper analyzes the uniqueness and the universality of Chinese experience and the theoretical logic that has permeated the process of China's opening up and kept pace with the times. Within this framework we analyze the key issues and suitable options for China's future opening up.},
	keywords = {opening up; incremental opening up; opening up strategy; institutional opening up},
	year = {2022},
	pages = {173-193}
}

@article{MTMT:33248751,
	title = {Trade openness, export structure, and labor productivity in developing countries: Evidence from panel VAR approach},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33248751},
	author = {Kacou, Kacou Yves Thierry and Kassouri, Yacouba and Evrard, Talnan Hongwopena and Altuntas, Mehmet},
	doi = {10.1016/j.strueco.2021.11.015},
	journal-iso = {STRUCT CHANGE ECON DYNAM},
	journal = {STRUCTURAL CHANGE AND ECONOMIC DYNAMICS},
	volume = {60},
	unique-id = {33248751},
	issn = {0954-349X},
	abstract = {A B S T R A C T This paper investigates the relationship between trade openness and labor productivity by accounting for the level of openness and the structure of exports in 61 developing countries over 1999-2018. Using panel vector autoregressive and Granger causality tests, we provide new evidence on the trade-productivity literature. We show that the trade-led productivity hypothesis does not hold for all countries, and only countries with higher levels of openness display essential productivity gains. We provide evidence for both export-led productivity and productivity-driven export hypotheses in our analysis. It is also evidenced that productivity gains can make domestic market production more efficient by reducing imports and improving the structure of exports. Following the prediction of the Dutch Disease phenomenon, we demonstrate that dependence on primary commodity exports is associated with lower labor productivity. Finally, we find that commodity-based economies should improve the overall labor productivity of their economies to accelerate economic diversification.},
	keywords = {Exports; trade openness; Labor productivity; Export structure; imports},
	year = {2022},
	eissn = {1873-6017},
	pages = {194-205}
}