TY - JOUR AU - Ji, Hui AU - Han, Chun TI - LarvaSPA, A Method for Mounting Drosophila Larva for Long-Term Time-Lapse Imaging JF - JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS J2 - JOVE-J VIS EXP PY - 2020 IS - 156 PG - 9 SN - 1940-087X DO - 10.3791/60792 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/31491106 ID - 31491106 AB - Live imaging is a valuable approach for investigating cell biology questions. The Drosophila larva is particularly suited for in vivo live imaging because the larval body wall and most internal organs are transparent. However, continuous live imaging of intact Drosophila larvae for longer than 30 min has been challenging because it is difficult to noninvasively immobilizeimmobilizing larvae for a long time. Here we present a larval mounting method called LarvaSPA that allows for continuous imaging of live Drosophila larvae with high temporal and spatial resolution for longer than 10 hours. This method involves partially attaching larvae to the coverslip using a UV-reactive glue and additionally restraining larval movement using a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) block. This method is compatible with larvae at developmental stages from second instar to wandering third instar. We demonstrate applications of this method in studying dynamic processes of Drosophila somatosensory neurons, including dendrite growth and injury-induced dendrite degeneration. This method can also be applied to study many other cellular processes that happen near the larval body wall. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lorber, Dana AU - Rotkopf, Ron AU - Volk, Talila TI - A minimal constraint device for imaging nuclei in liveDrosophilacontractile larval muscles reveals novel nuclear mechanical dynamics JF - LAB ON A CHIP J2 - LAB CHIP VL - 20 PY - 2020 IS - 12 SP - 2100 EP - 2112 PG - 13 SN - 1473-0197 DO - 10.1039/d0lc00214c UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/31491105 ID - 31491105 AB - Muscle contractions produce reiterated cytoplasmic mechanical variations, which potentially influence nuclear mechanotransduction, however information regarding the dynamics of muscle nuclei (myonuclei) in the course of muscle contraction is still missing. Towards that end, a minimal constraint device was designed in which intact liveDrosophilalarva is imaged, while its muscles still contract. The device is placed under spinning disc confocal microscope enabling imaging of fluorescently labeled sarcomeres and nuclei during muscle contraction, without any external stimulation. As a proof of principle we studied myonuclei dynamics in wild-type, as well as inNesprin/klarmutant larvae lacking proper nuclear-cytoskeletal connections. Myonuclei in control larvae exhibited comparable dynamics in the course of multiple contractile events, independent of their position along the muscle fiber. In contrast, myonuclei of mutant larvae displayed differential dynamics at distinct positions along individual myofibers. Moreover, we identified a linear link between myonuclear volume and its acceleration values during muscle contraction which, inNesprin/klarmutants exhibited an opposite tendency relative to control. Estimation of the drag force applied on individual myonuclei revealed that force fluctuations in time, but not the average force, differed significantly between control andNesprin/klarmutant, and were considerably higher in the mutant myonuclei. Taken together these results imply significant alterations in the mechanical dynamics of individual myonuclei in theNesprin/klarmyonuclei relative to control. Such differences provide novel mechanical insight intoNesprinfunction in contractile muscles, and might reveal the mechanical basis underlyingNesprin-related human diseases. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Molnár Sansum, Judit AU - Dobos, Balázs TI - Cultural Autonomy in Hungary. Inward or Outward Looking? TS - Inward or Outward Looking? JF - NATIONALITIES PAPERS J2 - NATL PAPERS VL - 48 PY - 2020 IS - Special Issue 2 SP - 251 EP - 266 PG - 16 SN - 0090-5992 DO - 10.1017/nps.2019.80 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/31122987 ID - 31122987 LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - von Bredow, Yvette M. AU - von Bredow, Christoph-Ruediger AU - Trenczek, Tina E. TI - A novel site of haematopoiesis and appearance and dispersal of distinct haemocyte types in the Manduca sexta embryo (Insecta, Lepidoptera) JF - DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY J2 - DEV COMP IMMUNOL VL - 111 PY - 2020 PG - 20 SN - 0145-305X DO - 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103722 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/31470097 ID - 31470097 N1 - Justus–Liebig–Universität Gießen, Institut für Allgemeine Zoologie und Entwicklungsbiologie, Zelluläre Erkennungs– und Abwehrprozesse, Stephanstraße 24, Gießen35390, Germany Technische Universität Dresden, Fakultät Biologie, Institut für Zoologie, Professur für Allgemeine Zoologie und Entwicklungsbiologie, Zellescher Web 20 b, Dresden, 01217, Germany Cited By :2 Export Date: 19 January 2022 CODEN: DCIMD Correspondence Address: von Bredow, Y.M.; Justus–Liebig–Universität Gießen, Stephanstraße 24, Gießen, Germany; email: Yvette.von.Bredow@mail.de AB - With a set of haemocyte specific markers novel findings on haematopoiesis in the Manduca sexta embryo are presented. We identify a hitherto unknown paired haematopoietic cluster, the abdominal haemocyte cluster in abdominal segment 7 (A7-HCC). These clusters are localised at distinct positions and are established at around katatrepsis. Later in embryogenesis, the A7-HCCs disintegrate, thereby releasing numerous embryonic plasmatocytes which disperse both anteriorly and posteriorly. These cells follow stereotypic migration routes projecting anteriorly. The thoracic larval haematopoietic organs are established at around midembryogenesis. We identify embryonic oenocytoids in the M. sexta embryo for the first time. They appear in the head region roughly at the same time as the A7-HCCs occur and successively disperse in the body cavity during development. Localisation of the prophenoloxidase (proPO) mRNA and of the proPO protein are identical. Morphological, cytometric and antigenic traits show three independently generated haemocyte types during embryogenesis. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wan, Bin AU - Yang, Lei AU - Zhang, Jiao AU - Qiu, Liming AU - Fang, Qi AU - Yao, Hongwei AU - Poirie, Marylene AU - Gatti, Jean-Luc AU - Ye, Gongyin TI - The Venom of the Ectoparasitoid WaspPachycrepoideus vindemiae(Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) Induces Apoptosis ofDrosophila melanogasterHemocytes JF - INSECTS J2 - INSECTS VL - 11 PY - 2020 IS - 6 PG - 14 SN - 2075-4450 DO - 10.3390/insects11060363 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/31470141 ID - 31470141 AB - The pupal ectoparasitoidPachycrepoideus vindemiaeinjects venom into its fly hosts prior to oviposition. We have shown that this venom causes immune suppression inDrosophila melanogasterpupa but the mechanism involved remained unclear. Here, we show using transgenicD. melanogasterwith fluorescent hemocytes that the in vivo number of plasmatocytes and lamellocytes decreases after envenomation while it has a limited effect on crystal cells. After in vitro incubation with venom, the cytoskeleton of plasmatocytes underwent rearrangement with actin aggregation around the internal vacuoles, which increased with incubation time and venom concentration. The venom also decreased the lamellocytes adhesion capacity and induced nucleus fragmentation. Electron microscopy observation revealed that the shape of the nucleus and mitochondria became irregular after in vivo incubation with venom and confirmed the increased vacuolization with the formation of autophagosomes-like structures. Almost all venom-treated hemocytes became positive for TUNEL assays, indicating massive induced apoptosis. In support, the caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK attenuated the venom-induced morphological changes suggesting an involvement of caspases. Our data indicate thatP. vindemiaevenom inhibitsD. melanogasterhost immunity by inducing strong apoptosis in hemocytes. These assays will help identify the individual venom component(s) responsible and the precise mechanism(s)/pathway(s) involved. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lőrincz, Péter AU - Lakatos, Zsolt AU - Varga, Ágnes AU - Maruzs, Tamás AU - Simon-Vecsei, Zsófia Judit AU - Darula, Zsuzsanna AU - Benkő, Péter AU - Csordás, Gábor AU - Lippai, Mónika AU - Andó, István AU - Hegedűs, Krisztina AU - Medzihradszky F., Katalin AU - Takáts, Szabolcs AU - Juhász, Gábor TI - MiniCORVET is a Vps8-containing early endosomal tether in Drosophila JF - ELIFE J2 - ELIFE VL - 5 PY - 2016 PG - 27 SN - 2050-084X DO - 10.7554/eLife.14226 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/30901168 ID - 30901168 N1 - Cited By :33 Export Date: 30 June 2022 AB - Yeast studies identified two heterohexameric tethering complexes, which consist of 4 shared (Vps11, Vps16, Vps18 and Vps33) and 2 specific subunits: Vps3 and Vps8 (CORVET) versus Vps39 and Vps41 (HOPS). CORVET is an early and HOPS is a late endosomal tether. The function of HOPS is well known in animal cells, while CORVET is poorly characterized. Here we show that Drosophila Vps8 is highly expressed in hemocytes and nephrocytes, and localizes to early endosomes despite the lack of a clear Vps3 homolog. We find that Vps8 forms a complex and acts together with Vps16A, Dor/Vps18 and Car/Vps33A, and loss of any of these proteins leads to fragmentation of endosomes. Surprisingly, Vps11 deletion causes enlargement of endosomes, similar to loss of the HOPS-specific subunits Vps39 and Lt/Nps41. We thus identify a 4 subunit-containing miniCORVET complex as an unconventional early endosomal tether in Drosophila. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Leitao, Alexandre B AU - Sucena, Elio TI - Drosophila sessile hemocyte clusters are true hematopoietic tissues that regulate larval blood cell differentiation JF - ELIFE J2 - ELIFE VL - 4 PY - 2015 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 38 PG - 16 SN - 2050-084X DO - 10.7554/eLife.06166 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/24797542 ID - 24797542 N1 - Cited By :64 Export Date: 19 January 2022 Correspondence Address: Leitão, A.B.; Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Apartado 14, Portugal; email: aleitao@igc.gulbenkian.pt AB - Virtually all species of coelomate animals contain blood cells that display a division of labor necessary for homeostasis. This functional partition depends upon the balance between proliferation and differentiation mostly accomplished in the hematopoietic organs. In Drosophila melanogaster, the lymph gland produces plasmatocytes and crystal cells that are not released until pupariation. Yet, throughout larval development, both hemocyte types increase in numbers. Mature plasmatocytes can proliferate but it is not known if crystal cell numbers increase by self-renewal or by de novo differentiation. We show that new crystal cells in third instar larvae originate through a Notch-dependent process of plasmatocyte transdifferentiation. This process occurs in the sessile clusters and is contingent upon the integrity of these structures. The existence of this hematopoietic tissue, relying on structure-dependent signaling events to promote blood homeostasis, creates a new paradigm for addressing outstanding questions in Drosophila hematopoiesis and establishing further parallels with vertebrate systems. © 2015, eLife Sciences Publications Ltd. All rights reserved. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Liu, D AU - Shaukat, Z AU - Saint, RB AU - Gregory, SL TI - Chromosomal instability triggers cell death via local signalling through the innate immune receptor Toll JF - ONCOTARGET J2 - ONCOTARGET VL - 6 PY - 2015 IS - 36 SP - 38552 EP - 38565 PG - 14 SN - 1949-2553 DO - 10.18632/oncotarget.6035 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/25258523 ID - 25258523 N1 - Hiányzó Jelleg: 'JOUR\n\nArticle' LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Márkus, Róbert AU - Lerner, Zita AU - Honti, Viktor AU - Csordás, Gábor AU - Zsámboki, János AU - Cinege, Gyöngyi Ilona AU - Párducz, Árpád AU - Lukacsovich, Tamás AU - Kurucz, Judit Éva AU - Andó, István TI - Multinucleated Giant Hemocytes Are Effector Cells in Cell-Mediated Immune Responses of Drosophila JF - JOURNAL OF INNATE IMMUNITY J2 - J INNATE IMMUN VL - 7 PY - 2015 IS - 4 SP - 340 EP - 353 PG - 14 SN - 1662-811X DO - 10.1159/000369618 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/2853634 ID - 2853634 N1 - Megjegyzés-25258522 Hiányzó Jelleg: 'JOUR\n\nArticle' Admin megjegyzés-25258522 tblcategory: (Category) ('JOUR\n\nArticle') #Jelleg AB - We identified and characterized a so far unrecognized cell type, dubbed the multinucleated giant hemocyte (MGH), in the ananassae subgroup of Drosophilidae. Here, we describe the functional and ultrastructural characteristics of this novel blood cell type as well as its characterization with a set of discriminative immunological markers. MGHs are encapsulating cells that isolate and kill the parasite without melanization. They share some properties with but differ considerably from lamellocytes, the encapsulating cells of Drosophila melanogaster, the broadly used model organism in studies of innate immunity. MGHs are nonproliferative effector cells that are derived from phagocytic cells of the sessile tissue and the circulation, but do not exhibit phagocytic activity. In contrast to lamellocytes, MGHs are gigantic cells with filamentous projections and contain many nuclei, which are the result of the fusion of several cells. Although the structure of lamellocytes and MGHs differ remarkably, their function in the elimination of parasites is similar, which is potentially the result of the convergent evolution of interactions between hosts and parasites in different geographic regions. MGHs are highly motile and share several features with mammalian multinucleated giant cells, a syncytium of macrophages formed during granulomatous inflammation. © 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Krautz, R AU - Arefin, B AU - Theopold, U TI - Damage signals in the insect immune response JF - FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE J2 - FRONT PLANT SCI VL - 5 PY - 2014 SN - 1664-462X DO - 10.3389/fpls.2014.00342 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/24237859 ID - 24237859 LA - English DB - MTMT ER -