TY - JOUR AU - Tveden-Nyborg, Pernille TI - Vitamin C Deficiency in the Young Brain-Findings from Experimental Animal Models JF - NUTRIENTS J2 - NUTRIENTS VL - 13 PY - 2021 IS - 5 PG - 35 SN - 2072-6643 DO - 10.3390/nu13051685 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/32417393 ID - 32417393 AB - Severe and long-term vitamin C deficiency can lead to fatal scurvy, which is fortunately considered rare today. However, a moderate state of vitamin C (vitC) deficiency (hypovitaminosis C)-defined as a plasma concentration below 23 mu M-is estimated to affect up to 10% of the population in the Western world, albeit clinical hallmarks in addition to scurvy have not been linked to vitC deficiency. The brain maintains a high vitC content and uniquely high levels during deficiency, supporting vitC's importance in the brain. Actions include both antioxidant and co-factor functions, rendering vitamin C deficiency likely to affect several targets in the brain, and it could be particularly significant during development where a high cellular metabolism and an immature antioxidant system might increase sensitivity. However, investigations of a non-scorbutic state of vitC deficiency and effects on the developing young brain are scarce. This narrative review provides a comprehensive overview of the complex mechanisms that regulate vitC homeostasis in vivo and in the brain in particular. Functions of vitC in the brain and the potential consequences of deficiency during brain development are highlighted, based primarily on findings from experimental animal models. Perspectives for future investigations of vitC are outlined. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Furusawa, Hajime AU - Sato, Yasunori AU - Tanaka, Yasukazu AU - Inai, Yoko AU - Amano, Akiko AU - Iwama, Mizuki AU - Kondo, Yoshitaka AU - Handa, Setsuko AU - Murata, Akira AU - Nishikimi, Morimitsu AU - Goto, Sataro AU - Maruyama, Naoki AU - Takahashi, Ryoya AU - Ishigami, Akihito TI - Vitamin C is not essential for carnitine biosynthesis in vivo: Verification in vitamin C-depleted senescence marker protein-30/gluconolactonase knockout mice JF - BIOLOGICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN J2 - BIOL PHARM BULL VL - 31 PY - 2008 IS - 9 SP - 1673 EP - 1679 PG - 7 SN - 0918-6158 DO - 10.1248/bpb.31.1673 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/24658271 ID - 24658271 N1 - Export Date: 2 August 2022 CODEN: BPBLE LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Debreceni, Balázs AU - Farkas, Viktória AU - Fischer, GM AU - Sándor, Attila TI - Effect of aromatic ring-containing drugs on carnitine biosynthesis in rats with special regard to p-aminomethylbenzoic acid. JF - METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL J2 - METABOLISM VL - 54 PY - 2005 IS - 12 SP - 1582 EP - 1586 PG - 5 SN - 0026-0495 DO - 10.1016/j.metabol.2005.06.004 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/1426924 ID - 1426924 AB - Secondary carnitine deficiencies are associated with metabolic disorders or may be the consequence of the side effects of some drugs. The mechanisms may be either a facilitated urinary excretion or an inhibited biosynthesis. Based on our earlier findings with drugs and benzoic acid analogue metabolites, in the present study, we studied the possible inhibitory effect of some benzoic acid analogue drugs. In the pathway of carnitine biosynthesis, we tested the last step, the hydroxylation of gamma-butyrobetaine (Bu) to carnitine in the liver. (Liver is the only organ in rats where this step takes place.) Of the 5 tested compounds, the p-aminomethylbenzoic acid (PAMBA) was found to be inhibitory. In tracer experiments with radioactive Bu, PAMBA (a single injection of 1.2 mmol/kg) reduced the conversion of [Me-(3)H]Bu to [Me-(3)H]carnitine from 62.6% +/- 5.11% to 46.8% +/- 5.02% (means +/- SEM, P < .02). This single dose also markedly reduced the conversion of loading amount of exogenous unlabeled Bu, as measured by enzymatic analysis of carnitine. The conversion of endogenous Bu was also hampered by long-term administration of PAMBA, as indicated by increased Bu and decreased carnitine levels. Furthermore, single injection of PAMBA markedly reduced the Glu level in the liver from 2.87 +/- 0.17 to 1.42 +/- 0.11 mumol/g (P < .001). Trying to get closer to a mechanism by which the flux through the Bu hydroxylase was depressed, we supposed that alfa-ketoglutarate (alpha-KG), an obligatory cofactor of the enzyme, was also be depressed. It was expected because alpha-KG is a reversible copartner of l-glutamate through the Glu-dehydrogenase reaction. We found that PAMBA reduced the alpha-KG level from 207 +/- 17.5 to 180 +/- 19.1 nmol/g (means +/- SEM, P < .02). Considering the conditions of the enzyme in vitro and in vivo, this decrease may contribute to the decreased in vivo flux through the butyrobetaine hydroxylase enzyme. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jacob, RA AU - Pianalto, FS TI - Urinary carnitine excretion increases during experimental vitamin C depletion of healthy men JF - JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY J2 - J NUTR BIOCHEM VL - 8 PY - 1997 IS - 5 SP - 265 EP - 269 PG - 5 SN - 0955-2863 DO - 10.1016/S0955-2863(97)89663-5 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/24658273 ID - 24658273 N1 - Export Date: 2 August 2022 CODEN: JNBIE LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Johnston, CS AU - Solomon, RE AU - Corte, C TI - Vitamin C depletion is associated with alterations in blood histamine and plasma free carnitine in adults JF - JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF NUTRITION J2 - J AM COLL NUTR VL - 15 PY - 1996 IS - 6 SP - 586 EP - 591 PG - 6 SN - 0731-5724 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/24658274 ID - 24658274 LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - MIYASAKI, T AU - SATO, M AU - YOSHINAKA, R AU - SAKAGUCHI, M TI - EFFECT OF VITAMIN-C ON LIPID AND CARNITINE METABOLISM IN RAINBOW-TROUT JF - FISHERIES SCIENCE J2 - FISHERIES SCI VL - 61 PY - 1995 IS - 3 SP - 501 EP - 506 PG - 6 SN - 0919-9268 DO - 10.2331/fishsci.61.501 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/24658277 ID - 24658277 LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rebouche, CJ TI - Renal handling of carnitine in experimental vitamin C deficiency JF - METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL J2 - METABOLISM VL - 44 PY - 1995 IS - 12 SP - 1639 EP - 1643 PG - 5 SN - 0026-0495 DO - 10.1016/0026-0495(95)90087-X UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/24658276 ID - 24658276 N1 - Export Date: 2 August 2022 CODEN: METAA LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - REBOUCHE, CJ TI - THE ABILITY OF GUINEA-PIGS TO SYNTHESIZE CARNITINE AT A NORMAL RATE FROM EPSILON-N-TRIMETHYLLYSINE OR GAMMA-BUTYROBETAINE IN-VIVO IS NOT COMPROMISED BY EXPERIMENTAL VITAMIN-C-DEFICIENCY JF - METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL J2 - METABOLISM VL - 44 PY - 1995 IS - 5 SP - 624 EP - 629 PG - 6 SN - 0026-0495 DO - 10.1016/0026-0495(95)90120-5 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/24658275 ID - 24658275 N1 - Export Date: 2 August 2022 CODEN: METAA LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - REBOUCHE, CJ TI - ASCORBIC-ACID AND CARNITINE BIOSYNTHESIS JF - AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION J2 - AM J CLIN NUTR VL - 54 PY - 1991 IS - 6 SP - S1147 EP - S1152 PG - 6 SN - 0002-9165 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/24658278 ID - 24658278 N1 - Megjegyzés-23307490 SU S LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - HAECKEL, R AU - KAISER, E AU - OELLERICH, M AU - SILIPRANDI, N TI - CARNITINE - METABOLISM, FUNCTION AND CLINICAL-APPLICATION JF - JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY J2 - J CLIN CHEM CLIN BIOCHEM VL - 28 PY - 1990 IS - 5 SP - 291 EP - 295 PG - 5 SN - 0340-076X UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/24658279 ID - 24658279 LA - English DB - MTMT ER -