TY - JOUR AU - Gharpure, Akshay AU - Vander Wal, Randy TI - Improving graphenic quality by oxidative liberation of crosslinks in non-graphitizable carbons JF - CARBON J2 - CARBON VL - 209 PY - 2023 PG - 15 SN - 0008-6223 DO - 10.1016/j.carbon.2023.118010 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33855964 ID - 33855964 AB - This work assesses the potential for improving the crystallinity of non-graphitizable carbon materials by oxidative liberation of crosslinks. A model non-graphitizable carbon - sucrose char and two commercial carbon blacks of varied nanostructure have been used to study crystallinity improvements at two oxidative burnout levels. The virgin materials have been compared to their partially oxidized counterparts at a series of heat treatment temperatures using X-ray diffraction for bulk crys-tallinity analysis and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy for nanostructural characterization. Remarkable improvements were observed in the case of sucrose char where non-graphitizable sponge-like particles transformed into highly ordered graphenic flakes by the mechanism of oxidative liberation of crosslinks. The in-plane crystallite size and stacking height tripled after the liberation of the restrictive crosslinks. Molecular level changes after partial oxidation have been assessed using Raman spectroscopy while X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is used to assess changes in elemental composition. Notable improvements were also observed in carbon blacks with the development of longer and lower tortuosity lamellae accompanied by expanded particle sizes. Fringe analysis algorithms have been applied to obtain lamellae statistics and highlight nuances in the nanostructure changes after partial oxidation and heat treatment. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Li, Xueping AU - Zeng, Qiang TI - HRTEM analysis of the aggregate structure and ultrafine microporous characteristics of Xinjiang Zhundong coal under heat treatment JF - SCIENTIFIC REPORTS J2 - SCI REP VL - 12 PY - 2022 IS - 1 PG - 13 SN - 2045-2322 DO - 10.1038/s41598-022-09113-z UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/32949798 ID - 32949798 AB - Understanding the change in coal structure during heat treatment is the basis of efficient and clean utilization of coal. In this study, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) was used to analyse the changes in the aggregate structure and ultramicropores of Zhungdong coal samples (Xinjiang, China) that were heated from ambient temperature to 800 degrees C respectively. Then, the relationship between their HRTEM characteristics and the corresponding reaction activation energy were also analyzed. The results show that the length, curvature, order, layer spacing and stacking height of the aromatic layers of the coal sample vary with an increasing temperature, and are related to the activation energy of the reaction. As the temperature reaches 300 degrees C, the HRTEM characteristics of the heated coal samples are obviously different from those of the raw coal sample. It is shown that the length of lattice fringes is in the range of 0.3-1.15 nm which accounts for approximately 95% of the total number of fringes. The overall orientation of lattice fringes is not good, but there are two main directions. After heating, the number of naphthalenes in the coal samples decreased, while the number of larger aromatic layers increased. The distance between the aromatic layers of the coal sample decreased with an increasing stacking height, the order of the aromatic layers was enhanced, and the number of aromatic sheets with a larger curvature increased. The coal ultramicropores are mainly concentrated from 0.4 to 0.7 nm. Heat treatment reduces the total number of ultramicropores, but the maximum number of pores is increased. The non-six-membered ring and lattice defects lead to the bending of the fringes, the distribution of fatty structures affects the orientation of the fringes, and the relationship between the pore and molecular structure does not exist independently. After heat treatment, the aggregate structure and ultramicropore size of coal have a high correlation with the activation energy. The activation energy is closely related to the 0.6 nmultramicropores. However, the current experiment could not explain the underlying causes of these relationships. The aggregated state in coal is the macromolecular group formed between different aromatic structures, fat structures and other molecules, which is formed by the interaction of internal defects and pores in the molecular group. The structural differences at different temperatures therefore reflect the interaction of different macromolecules in coal. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jagdale, Pravin AU - Nair, Jijeesh Ravi AU - Khan, Aamer AU - Armandi, Marco AU - Meligrana, Giuseppina AU - Hernandez, Francisco Robles AU - Rusakova, Irene AU - Piatti, Erik AU - Rovere, Massimo AU - Tagliaferro, Alberto AU - Winter, Martin AU - Gerbaldi, Claudio TI - Waste to life: Low-cost, self-standing, 2D carbon fiber green Li-ion battery anode made from end-of-life cotton textile JF - ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA J2 - ELECTROCHIM ACTA VL - 368 PY - 2021 PG - 10 SN - 0013-4686 DO - 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137644 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/32330110 ID - 32330110 AB - In this study, self-standing and flexible Li-ion battery negative electrodes made of interconnected two-dimensional carbonized cotton fibers are developed by using a controlled pyrolysis method, and their electrochemical performance in laboratory-scale lithium-based cells is investigated at ambient temperature. By applying this binder- and current collector-free cotton-based carbon fiber electrode, both the Li+-ion intercalation and capacity decay mechanisms are explored using conventional organic carbonate-based liquid electrolyte. The cotton-based carbon fiber electrode shows excellent cycling performance and delivers a high discharge capacity in the voltage range of 0.02 - 1.2 V. The post cycling analysis of carbon fiber using HR-TEM shows the major SEI layer components formed at the surface of the active fibers during the charge/discharge process. The same electrode is used to assemble a lab-scale Li-ion full cell with high mass loading LiFePO4-based composite electrode, which demonstrates excellent cycling stability, high Coulombic efficiency and remarkable rate capability at ambient temperature. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Chang, Qinghua AU - Gao, Rui AU - Gao, Ming AU - Yu, Guangsuo AU - Mathews, Jonathan P. AU - Wang, Fuchen TI - Experimental analysis of the evolution of soot structure during CO2 gasification JF - FUEL J2 - FUEL VL - 265 PY - 2020 PG - 11 SN - 0016-2361 DO - 10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116699 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/31439970 ID - 31439970 AB - The morphology and nanostructure evolution during gasification was examined for a coal-derived soot and, to permit comparisons to other research, two carbon black samples. The investigation examined four different conversion extents at 1273 and 1473 K. The primary particle diameter decreased significantly during the initial stage and then changed slowly. The gasification behavior varied with the initial nanostructure and treatment temperature. At 1273 K the consumption behavior followed a hybrid mode comprised of shrinking core and homogeneous reaction models. However, at 1473 K, a previously unobserved gasification behavior occurred with the soot forming concentric spheres. Here the gasification progressed by initially forming micropores, followed by insufficient permeation of oxidant with the subsequent consumption of the core, ultimately forming hollow particles. Raman spectra and X-ray diffraction patterns indicated there was a transformation from initially ordered to less well-ordered structure. Partial gasification induced disordering to different extents, accompanied by a slight maturing associated with thermal annealing. The crystallites were preferentially consumed along the graphitic edges for coal-derived soot. At the start of gasification, the density of the soot increased but subsequently declined. Abundant micropores with multimodal distributions were newly generated and continually developed during gasification. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Chang, Qinghua AU - Gao, Rui AU - Gao, Ming AU - Yu, Guangsuo AU - Wang, Fuchen TI - The structural evolution and fragmentation of coal-derived soot and carbon black during high-temperature air oxidation JF - COMBUSTION AND FLAME J2 - COMBUST FLAME VL - 216 PY - 2020 SP - 111 EP - 125 PG - 15 SN - 0010-2180 DO - 10.1016/j.combustflame.2019.11.045 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/31439969 ID - 31439969 AB - The structural evolution of SF-soot (derived from the rapid pyrolysis of ShenFu bituminous coal) and a carbon black (Printex) was performed for air oxidation at 1273 and 1473 K. The morphology and nanostructure transformations were examined at conversion fractions similar to 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8. Three modes of behavior were evident. The behavior of SF-soot followed an internal oxidation model (IOM) at 1273 K. The oxygen was able to fully permeate into the particle core, producing a sphere with variable removal of the interior structure with conversion. However, at the higher temperature, the SF-soot formed a concentric spherical structure with gradual consumption of the inner sphere due to restricted oxygen penetration. The fragmentation of hollow interior particles, on which the available literature is not extensive, was observed from HRTEM and SEM micrographs for the first time. During the oxidation of SF-soot, micropores were mainly generated during the 0-0.2 conversion, while the mesopore surface rapidly increased during the 0.6-0.8 conversion. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and Raman spectra both show that the oxidation of SF-soot is mainly a disordering process. The graphitic microcrystals were mainly consumed along the longitudinal orientation during the 0-0.2 conversion but were mainly consumed along the horizontal during the 0.4-0.8 conversion. The true densities of SF-soot and carbon black initially increase and then decrease monotonically during oxidation. (C) 2019 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The Combustion Institute. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bagi, Sujay AU - Sharma, Vibhu AU - Aswath, Pranesh B. TI - Role of dispersant on soot-induced wear in Cummins ISB engine test JF - CARBON J2 - CARBON VL - 136 PY - 2018 SP - 395 EP - 408 PG - 14 SN - 0008-6223 DO - 10.1016/j.carbon.2018.04.066 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/30483082 ID - 30483082 AB - Wear performance of two fully formulated engine oils was evaluated using the Cummins ISB engine test. One of the oil formulations used a multifunctional DVII (Dispersant Viscosity Index Improver) component with enhanced antiwear characteristics to improve durability of engine components while the other formulation comprised of a conventional additive package. After the completion of engine-dynamometer tests, valvetrain components operating primarily in boundary lubrication regime were inspected for wear and weight loss in order to understand soot induced wear effects. In addition, soot was extracted and characterized using temperature resolved XRD, TEM, XANES, BET, Raman and EDS. XRD phase analysis of residue left behind after soot oxidation showed presence of crystalline compounds embedded in the soot structure (CaSO4, Ca-3(PO4)(2), Zn-3(PO4)(2) and ZnO). These species form ash pre-cursors which get trapped in the DPF (Diesel Particulate Filter) placed in the engine exhaust stream. The turbostratic structure of both soot samples remains the same prior to oxidation; however, the embedded crystalline and amorphous species in the soot structure slightly change with oil formulation. Surface area of the soot measured using BET was found to be inversely proportional to the weight of residue. Additionally, used oil analysis was performed to understand variation in viscosity, wear elements and soot content before and after the test. Findings in this study provide deeper insights into the mechanism for improved wear protection provided by DVII. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lukács (Tóth), Pál AU - Vikström, Therese AU - Molinder, Roger AU - Wiinikka, Henrik TI - Structure of carbon black continuously produced from biomass pyrolysis oil JF - GREEN CHEMISTRY J2 - GREEN CHEM VL - 20 PY - 2018 IS - 17 SP - 3981 EP - 3992 PG - 12 SN - 1463-9262 DO - 10.1039/C8GC01539B UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/30660278 ID - 30660278 AB - Renewable-based carbon black was produced using pyrolysis oil derived from pine and spruce stem wood as feedstock in a continuous, high-temperature spray process. The particle size, micro- and nanostructure of the carbon black particles were investigated using High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy. The effect of process parameters on the structural properties of the product was studied. Conditions that yielded products structurally similar to commercial carbon black were identified. The results indicate that biomass pyrolysis oil can be used as a feedstock to produce renewable-based carbon black in a continuous process that is flexible and scalable. The structural properties of the products depended on process temperature and were consistent with those of commercial carbon black. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Michelsen, H A TI - Probing soot formation, chemical and physical evolution, and oxidation: A review of in situ diagnostic techniques and needs JF - PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE J2 - P COMBUST INST VL - 36 PY - 2017 IS - 1 SP - 717 EP - 735 PG - 19 SN - 1540-7489 DO - 10.1016/j.proci.2016.08.027 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/26575831 ID - 26575831 LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hu, C AU - Liu, ACY AU - Weyland, M AU - Madani, SH AU - Pendleton, P AU - Rodriguez-Reinoso, F AU - Kaneko, K AU - Biggs, MJ TI - A multi-method study of the transformation of the carbonaceous skeleton of a polymer-based nanoporous carbon along the activation pathway JF - CARBON J2 - CARBON VL - 85 PY - 2015 SP - 119 EP - 134 PG - 16 SN - 0008-6223 DO - 10.1016/j.carbon.2014.12.051 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/25282604 ID - 25282604 LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - THES AU - Hu, C TI - Transformation of carbonaceous skeleton during the activation and thermal annealing of nanoporous carbons PY - 2015 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/26813660 ID - 26813660 N1 - University of Adelaide LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ghiassi, H AU - Lukács (Tóth), Pál AU - Lighty, JS TI - Sooting behaviors of n-butanol and n-dodecane blends JF - COMBUSTION AND FLAME J2 - COMBUST FLAME VL - 161 PY - 2014 IS - 3 SP - 671 EP - 679 PG - 9 SN - 0010-2180 DO - 10.1016/j.combustflame.2013.10.011 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/2849955 ID - 2849955 AB - This work focuses on understanding the formation and oxidation of soot when adding n-butanol, an oxygenated fuel, to n-dodecane. A two-stage burner was used to characterize the oxidation of soot from different n-butanol blends, 10%, 30%, and 60 mol% in n-dodecane. The two-stage burner isolates the soot oxidation process from the formation process. Soot is formed in a first-stage premixed burner under fuel-rich conditions, while in a second stage, the soot is oxidized under slightly fuel-rich conditions. A scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) was used to measure the soot particle size distributions in the flame at different heights during oxidation. Results showed a decrease in particle mass concentration (g/cm(3)) as the fraction of n-butanol increased, which indicates the capability of n-butanol to reduce soot particle number and mass. On the other hand, the results demonstrated that the increasing n-butanol reduces the difference between initial mass of soot particles entering and the final mass of soot particles leaving the second burner. This result implies that increasing the n-butanol concentration decreases the rate of soot oxidation. Two different fuel quality indicators are used to quantify our observations. The first one, "sooting tendency", is calculated to show how the amount of soot formed in the flame is affected by using different n-butanol percentages. The second one, "sooting stability", is defined for quantifying the stability of soot particles against oxidation. The results demonstrated that by increasing the n-butanol percentage, soot formation was suppressed. However, sooting stability increased with higher concentrations of n-butanol. The soot nanostructure was quantified by high-resolution electron microscopy and digital image processing. Image analysis revealed layer arrangement is in correlation with sooting stability. The results of interlayer spacing showed a decrease by increasing n-butanol at the same sampling height. (C) 2013 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - CONF AU - Ghiassi, H AU - Perez, P AU - Lighty, J S TI - The role of surface functional groups and nanostructure on the oxidation rate of soot derived from an oxygenated fuel T2 - Western States Section of the Combustion Institute Spring Technical Meeting 2014 PY - 2014 SP - 152 EP - 163 PG - 12 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/25250287 ID - 25250287 LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Mitchell, JBA AU - LeGarrec, JL AU - Saidani, G AU - Lefeuvre, F AU - di, Stasio S TI - Synchrotron Radiation Studies of Additives in Combustion, III: Ferrocene JF - ENERGY AND FUELS J2 - ENERG FUEL VL - 27 PY - 2013 IS - 8 SP - 4891 EP - 4898 PG - 8 SN - 0887-0624 DO - 10.1021/ef400758a UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/23318664 ID - 23318664 LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lukács (Tóth), Pál AU - Palotás, Árpád Bence AU - E G, Eddings AU - R T, Whitaker AU - J S, Lighty TI - A novel framework for the quantitative analysis of high resolution transmission electron micrographs of soot II.. Robust multiscale nanostructure quantification TS - Robust multiscale nanostructure quantification JF - COMBUSTION AND FLAME J2 - COMBUST FLAME VL - 160 PY - 2013 IS - 5 SP - 920 EP - 932 PG - 1 SN - 0010-2180 DO - 10.1016/j.combustflame.2013.01.003 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/2320108 ID - 2320108 LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Artyushkova, null AU - K, null AU - Pylypenko, null AU - S, null AU - Dowlapalli, null AU - M, null AU - Atanassov, null AU - P, null TI - Structure-to-property relationships in fuel cell catalyst supports: Correlation of surface chemistry and morphology with oxidation resistance of carbon blacks JF - JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES J2 - J POWER SOURCES VL - 214 PY - 2012 SP - 303 EP - 313 PG - 11 SN - 0378-7753 DO - 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.04.095 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/22479918 ID - 22479918 LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Esangbedo, null AU - C, null AU - Boehman, null AU - A L, null AU - Perez, null AU - J M, null TI - Characteristics of diesel engine soot that lead to excessive oil thickening JF - TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL J2 - TRIBOL INT VL - 47 PY - 2012 SP - 194 EP - 203 PG - 10 SN - 0301-679X DO - 10.1016/j.triboint.2011.11.003 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/22054730 ID - 22054730 LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sakai, M Iguma H Kondo K Aizawa T TI - Nanostructure analysis of primary soot particles directly sampled in diesel spray flame via HRTEM JF - SAE TECHNICAL PAPERS J2 - SAE TECHNICAL PAPERS VL - 9 PY - 2012 SN - 0148-7191 DO - 10.4271/2012-01-1722 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/23127403 ID - 23127403 LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - THES AU - Jens, Leschner TI - High-Resolution Electron Tomography on Beam-Sensitive Carbon Materials PY - 2011 SP - 131 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/23380979 ID - 23380979 LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - THES AU - Echavarria, Carlos Andres TI - Evolution of soot size distribution during soot formation and soot oxidation-fragmentation in premixed flames: experimental and modeling study PY - 2010 SP - 196 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/23381163 ID - 23381163 N1 - University of Utah LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ouf, FX Yon J AU - Ausset, P AU - Coppalle, A AU - Maille, M TI - Influence of Sampling and Storage Protocol on Fractal Morphology of Soot Studied by Transmission Electron Microscopy JF - AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY J2 - AEROSOL SCI TECH VL - 44 PY - 2010 IS - 11 SP - 1005 EP - 1017 PG - 13 SN - 0278-6826 DO - 10.1080/02786826.2010.507228 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/21244079 ID - 21244079 LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - THES AU - Choi, Seuk Cheun TI - Measurement and analysis of the dimensionless extinction constant for diesel and biodiesel soot: influence of pressure, wavelength and fuel-type PY - 2009 SP - 253 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/23381219 ID - 23381219 N1 - Megjegyzés-21244078 Drexel University LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - THES AU - Малиновская, Ольга Сергеевна TI - Синтез многофункциональных углеродных нанотрубок и исследование их свойств с помощью микроскопии PY - 2009 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/23754071 ID - 23754071 N1 - Москва Мифи LA - Russian DB - MTMT ER - TY - THES AU - Dhaubhadel, R TI - An experimental study of dense aerosol aggregations PY - 2008 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/21244067 ID - 21244067 N1 - Kansas State University LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Khalid, Al-Qurashi AU - André, L Boehman TI - Impact of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on the oxidative reactivity of diesel engine soot JF - COMBUSTION AND FLAME J2 - COMBUST FLAME VL - 155 PY - 2008 IS - 4 SP - 675 EP - 695 PG - 21 SN - 0010-2180 DO - 10.1016/j.combustflame.2008.06.002 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/20867540 ID - 20867540 LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - THES AU - Al-Qurashi, Khalid TI - THE IMPACT OF CARBON DIOXIDE AND EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION ON THE OXIDATIVE REACTIVITY OF SOOT FROM ETHYLENE FLAMES AND DIESEL ENGINES PY - 2007 SP - 227 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/23348439 ID - 23348439 LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dhaubhadel, R AU - Gerving, CS AU - Chakrabarti, A AU - Sorensen, CM TI - Aerosol gelation: Synthesis of a novel, lightweight, high specific surface area material JF - AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY J2 - AEROSOL SCI TECH VL - 41 PY - 2007 IS - 8 SP - 804 EP - 810 PG - 7 SN - 0278-6826 DO - 10.1080/02786820701466291 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/20867492 ID - 20867492 LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - CHAP AU - Sharma, Atul AU - Mullins, OliverC TI - Insights into Molecular and Aggregate Structures of Asphaltenes Using HRTEM T2 - Asphaltenes, Heavy Oils, and Petroleomics PB - Springer New York SN - 9780387317342 PB - Springer New York PY - 2007 SP - 205-229 DO - 10.1007/0-387-68903-6_8 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/23754040 ID - 23754040 N1 - SE 8 LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bond, TC AU - Bergstrom, RW TI - Light absorption by carbonaceous particles: An investigative review JF - AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY J2 - AEROSOL SCI TECH VL - 40 PY - 2006 IS - 1 SP - 27 EP - 67 PG - 41 SN - 0278-6826 DO - 10.1080/02786820500421521 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/21227594 ID - 21227594 LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kocbach, A AU - Li, Y AU - Yttri, K E AU - Cassee, F R AU - Schwarze, P E AU - Namork, E TI - Physicochemical characterisation of combustion particles from vehicle exhaust and residential wood smoke JF - PARTICLE AND FIBRE TOXICOLOGY J2 - PART FIBRE TOXICOL VL - 3 PY - 2006 IS - 1 SN - 1743-8977 DO - 10.1186/1743-8977-3-1 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/20447169 ID - 20447169 N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 9 LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Nienow, AM AU - Roberts, JT TI - Heterogeneous chemistry of carbon aerosols JF - ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY J2 - ANNU REV PHYS CHEM VL - 57 PY - 2006 SP - 105 EP - 128 PG - 24 SN - 0066-426X DO - 10.1146/annurev.physchem.57.032905.104525 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/20867494 ID - 20867494 LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - GEN AU - R, Abbot TI - Evaluation of Ultra Clean Fuels from Natural Gas. Final report, US Department of Energy TS - Final report, US Department of Energy PY - 2006 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/20877774 ID - 20877774 LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Song, JH AU - Alam, M AU - Boehman, AL AU - Kim, U TI - Examination of the oxidation behavior of biodiesel soot JF - COMBUSTION AND FLAME J2 - COMBUST FLAME VL - 146 PY - 2006 IS - 4 SP - 589 EP - 604 PG - 16 SN - 0010-2180 DO - 10.1016/j.combustflame.2006.06.010 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/20867495 ID - 20867495 LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Yang, JH AU - Cheng, SH AU - Wang, X AU - Zhang, Z AU - Liu, XR AU - Tang, GH TI - Quantitative analysis of microstructure of carbon materials by HRTEM JF - TRANSACTIONS OF NONFERROUS METALS SOCIETY OF CHINA J2 - T NONFERR METAL SOC VL - 16 PY - 2006 IS - suppl SP - 796 EP - 803 PG - 8 SN - 1003-6326 DO - 10.1016/S1003-6326(06)60303-8 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/20877775 ID - 20877775 LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dowlapalli, M AU - Atanassov, P AU - Xie, J AU - Rice, G TI - Electrochemical oxidation resistance of carbonaceous materials JF - ECS TRANSACTIONS J2 - ECS TRANS VL - 1 PY - 2005 IS - 8 SP - 41 EP - 50 PG - 10 SN - 1938-5862 DO - 10.1149/1.2214543 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/20877773 ID - 20877773 LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - GEN AU - Edgardo, Coda Zabetta AU - Mikko, Hupa TI - Gas-born carbon particles generated by combustion: a review on the formation and relevance. Report 05-01 TS - Report 05-01 CY - Process Chemistry Centre PY - 2005 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/20877771 ID - 20877771 LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - GEN AU - Edgardo, Coda Zabetta AU - Clifford, Ekholm AU - Mikko, Hupa AU - Tommi, Paanu AU - Mika, Laurén AU - Seppo, Niemi TI - Nanoparticles from diesel engines operated with bio-derived oils. Report 05-03 TS - Report 05-03 CY - Process Chemistry Centre PY - 2005 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/20867546 ID - 20867546 LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - THES AU - Hasan, M TI - Filtration and oxidation characteristics of a diesel oxidation catalyst and a catalyzed particulate filter : development of a 1-D 2-layer model PY - 2005 SP - 232 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/23751816 ID - 23751816 LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Shaddix, CR AU - Palotás, Árpád Bence AU - Megaridis, CM AU - Choi, MY AU - Yang, NYC TI - Soot graphitic order in laminar diffusion flames and a large-scale JP-8pool fire JF - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER J2 - INT J HEAT MASS TRANS VL - 48 PY - 2005 IS - 17 SP - 3604 EP - 3614 PG - 11 SN - 0017-9310 DO - 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2005.03.006 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/1293489 ID - 1293489 AB - High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) has been performed on soot samples collected from two smoking laminar ethylene diffusion flames (one steady and one unsteady) and from the active-flaming region of a 5-m diameter JP-8 pool fire. The motivation for this study is to improve the understanding of the influence of soot microstructure on its optical properties. The soot sampling positions in the steady ethylene flame correspond to locations of maximum soot mass growth, partial soot oxidation, and quenched oxidation along a common streamline. Visual examination of the HRTEM images suggests that the graphitic crystalline layers of soot undergo increased densification along the sampled streamline in the steady laminar flame. Quantitative image analysis reveals a small decrease in the mean graphitic interlayer spacing (d(002)) with increasing residence time in the high-temperature region. However, the differences in the mean interlayer spacing are far smaller than the spread of interlayer spacings measured for any given soot sample. Post-flame samples from the unsteady ethylene flame show interlayer spacing distributions similar to the lower region of the steady flame. The soot samples from the pool fire show little evidence of oxidized soot and have interlayer spacings similar to the unsteady ethylene flame. Previous research in the carbon black field has demonstrated a direct relation between the graphitic interlayer spacing and the optical absorptivity of the carbon. Consequently, the current HRTEM results offer support to recent measurements of the dimensionless extinction coefficient of soot that suggest that the optical absorptivity of agglomerating soot shows only minor variations for different fuels and flame types. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 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