TY - JOUR AU - Veres, Katalin AU - Csintalan, Zsolt AU - Laufer, Zsanett AU - Engel, Rita AU - Szabó, Krisztina AU - Farkas, Edit TI - Photoprotection and high-light acclimation in semi-arid grassland lichens – a cooperation between algal and fungal partners JF - SYMBIOSIS J2 - SYMBIOSIS VL - 86 PY - 2022 IS - 1 SP - 33 EP - 48 PG - 16 SN - 0334-5114 DO - 10.1007/s13199-021-00823-y UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/32534190 ID - 32534190 N1 - Institute of Ecology and Botany, Centre for Ecological Research, H-2163, Alkotmány u. 2–4, Vácrátót, Hungary Department of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter K. u. 1, Gödöllő, H-2100, Hungary Bükk National Park Directorate, Sánc u. 6, Eger, H-3304, Hungary Export Date: 24 August 2022 CODEN: SYMBE Correspondence Address: Veres, K.; Institute of Ecology and Botany, H-2163, Alkotmány u. 2–4, Hungary; email: veres.katalin@ecolres.hu AB - In lichens, each symbiotic partner cooperates for the survival of the symbiotic association. The protection of the susceptible photosynthetic apparatus is essential for both participants. The mycobiont and photobiont contribute to the protection against the damaging effect of excess light by various mechanisms. The present study investigated the effect of seasonality and microhabitat exposure on photoprotection and photoacclimation in the photo- and the mycobiont of six lichen species with different thallus morphology in inland dune system in the Kiskunság region (Hungary) with shaded, more humid and exposed, drier dune sides. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography, spectrophotometry, chlorophyll a fluorescence kinetic technique were used, and micrometeorological data were collected. The four years data series revealed that the north-east-facing side was characterized by higher relative humidity and lower light intensities compared to the south-west-facing drier and more exposed sides. The south-west facing side was exposed to direct illumination 3–4 hours longer in winter and 1–2 hours shorter in summer than the north-east facing side of the dune, influencing the metabolism of sun and shade populations of various species. Because rapid desiccation caused short active periods of lichens during bright and drier seasons and on exposed microhabitats, the rapid, non-regulated non-photochemical quenching mechanisms in the photobiont had a significant role in protecting the photosynthetic system in the hydrated state. In dehydrated conditions, thalli were mainly defended by the solar screening metabolites produced by the mycobiont and curling during desiccation (also caused by the mycobiont). Furthermore, the efficacy of light use (higher chlorophyll and carotenoid concentration) increased because of short hydrated periods. Still, a lower level of received irradiation was appropriate for photosynthesis in dry seasons and on sun exposed habitats. In humid seasons and microhabitats, more extended active periods lead to increased photosynthesis and production of solar radiation protectant fungal metabolites, allowing a lower level of photoprotection in the form of regulated non-photochemical quenching by the photobiont. Interspecific differences were more pronounced than the intraspecific ones among seasons and microhabitat types. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Veres, Katalin AU - Sinigla, Mónika AU - Szabó, Krisztina AU - Varga, Nóra AU - Farkas, Edit TI - The long-term effect of removing the UV-protectant usnic acid from the thalli of the lichen Cladonia foliacea JF - MYCOLOGICAL PROGRESS J2 - MYCOL PROG VL - 21 PY - 2022 IS - 9 SN - 1617-416X DO - 10.1007/s11557-022-01831-y UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33077671 ID - 33077671 N1 - Funding Agency and Grant Number: ELKH Centre for Ecological Research; National Research Development and Innovation Fund [NKFI K 124341-PI: EF] Funding text: Open access funding provided by ELKH Centre for Ecological Research. This work was supported by the project financed by the National Research Development and Innovation Fund (NKFI K 124341-PI: EF). AB - Terricolous lichens are abundant in semi-arid areas, where they are exposed to high irradiation. Photoprotection is essential for the algae as the photobiont provides the primer carbon source for both symbionts. The UV-protectant lichen metabolites and different quenching procedures of the alga ensure adequate photoprotection. Since the long-term effect of diminishing UV-protectant lichen metabolites is unknown, a major part of lichen secondary metabolites was removed from Cladonia foliacea thalli by acetone rinsing, and the lichens were then maintained under field conditions to investigate the effect on both symbionts for 3 years. Our aim was to determine if the decreased level of UV-protectant metabolites caused an elevated photoprotection in the algae and to reveal the dynamics of production of the metabolites. Photosynthetic activity and light protection were checked by chlorophyll a fluorescence kinetics measurements every 6 months. The concentrations of fumarprotocetraric and usnic acids were monitored by chromatographic methods. Our results proved that seasonality had a more pronounced effect than that of acetone treatment on the function of lichens over a long-term scale. Even after 3 years, the acetone-treated thalli contained half as much usnic acid as the control thalli, and the level of photoprotection remained unchanged in the algae. However, the amount of available humidity was a more critical limiting environmental factor than the amount of incoming irradiation affecting usnic acid production. The lichenicolous fungus Didymocyrtis cladoniicola became relatively more abundant in the acetone-treated samples than in the control samples, indicating a slight change caused by the treatment. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Muhoro, Arthur AU - Farkas, Edit TI - Insecticidal and Antiprotozoal Properties of Lichen Secondary Metabolites on Insect Vectors and Their Transmitted Protozoal Diseases to Humans JF - DIVERSITY (BASEL) J2 - DIVERSITY-BASEL VL - 13 PY - 2021 IS - 8 SN - 1424-2818 DO - 10.3390/d13080342 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/32164754 ID - 32164754 N1 - Export Date: 31 August 2021 Correspondence Address: Farkas, E.É.; Institute of Ecology and Botany, Alkotmány u. 2–4, Hungary; email: farkas.edit@ecolres.hu AB - Since the long-term application of synthetic chemicals as insecticides and the chemotherapy of protozoal diseases have had various negative effects (non-target effects, resistance), research on less harmful biological products is underway. This review is focused on lichens with potential insecticidal and antiprotozoal activity. Literature sources (27) were surveyed from five bibliographic databases and analyzed according to the taxonomic group of the insect, the protozoal disease and the lichen, the type of bioactive compounds (including method of application and mount applied), and the potential bioactivity based on mortalities caused after 24 h of exposure on insects and on parasitic protozoa. Six species of protozoa and five species of mosquitoes, three kinds of larval stages of insects and three protozoa stages were tested. Insecticidal and antiprotozoal effects of crude extracts and seven lichen secondary metabolites (mostly usnic acid) of 32 lichen species were determined. Physiological and morphological changes on parasitic protozoa were observed. Mortality rates caused by LSMs on insect vectors closer to (or somewhat above) the WHO threshold were considered to be insecticides. The results are based on laboratory experiments; however, the efficacy of metabolites should be confirmed in the field and on non-human primates to control the insect vectors and human protozoal diseases transmitted by insects. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Farkas, Edit AU - Biró, Bernadett AU - Szabó, K. AU - Veres, Katalin AU - Csintalan, Zsolt AU - Engel, Rita TI - The amount of lichen secondary metabolites in Cladonia foliacea (Cladoniaceae, lichenised Ascomycota) JF - ACTA BOTANICA HUNGARICA J2 - ACTA BOT HUNG VL - 62 PY - 2020 IS - 1-2 SP - 33 EP - 48 PG - 16 SN - 0236-6495 DO - 10.1556/034.62.2020.1-2.4 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/31394619 ID - 31394619 N1 - Institute of Ecology and BotanyMTA Centre for Ecological Research, Laboratory for Lichenology and Phytochemistry, Alkotmány u. 2-4, Vácrátót, H-2163, Hungary Institute of Botany and Ecophysiology, Szent István University, Páter K. u. 1, Gödöllo, H-2100, Hungary Cited By :8 Export Date: 24 August 2022 Correspondence Address: Farkas, E.; Institute of Ecology and BotanyMTA Centre for Ecological Research, Alkotmány u. 2-4, Hungary; email: farkas.edit@okologia.mta.hu AB - The terricolous species Cladonia foliacea (Cladoniaceae, lichenised Ascomycota) widely distributed in open, dry lowland steppe and rocky mountain grassland vegetation in Europe was chosen as a potential test organism for ecological experiments, since their thalli are producing cortical solar radiation-protective and UV screening pigment dibenzofuran usnic acid and medullary secondary substance depsidone fumarprotocetraric acid. Significant seasonal differences were found in the amounts of lichen secondary metabolites analysed by HPTLC and HPLC-PDA between summer and winter collected thalli in sandy grassland area in Hungary. The concentrations of usnic acid varied between 7.34 and 15.52 mg/g in summer collected samples and 13.90 and 21.61 mg/g in winter collected ones. A comparable amount (11.61±0.29 mg/g) was measured in pulverised samples. The concentrations of fumarprotocetraric acid varied between 0.60 and 3.01 mg/g in summer collected samples and 2.26 and 5.81 mg/g in winter collected thalli. A comparable amount (2.45±0.21 mg/g) was found in pulverised samples. The range of concentration values is comparable with data known from lichens. A higher amount of usnic acid is produced in winter probably to ensure sufficient protection also for summer. The fumarprotocetraric acid content of the medulla might contribute to the solar irradiation reflecting role of the pale lower surface lobes turning upwards in dry condition. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Farkas, Edit AU - Biró, Bernadett AU - Csintalan, Zsolt AU - Veres, Katalin TI - Acetone rinsing tolerance of the lichen species Cladonia foliacea is considerable JF - LICHENOLOGIST J2 - LICHENOLOGIST VL - 52 PY - 2020 IS - 4 SP - 325 EP - 327 PG - 3 SN - 0024-2829 DO - 10.1017/S0024282920000237 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/31394621 ID - 31394621 N1 - Laboratory for Lichenology and Phytochemistry, Institute of Ecology and Botany, Mta Centre for Ecological Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Alkotmany u. 2 4, Vacratot, H-2163, Hungary Institute of Botany and Ecophysiology, Szent Istvan University, Pater K. u. 1, Godollo, H-2100, Hungary Cited By :1 Export Date: 15 December 2020 CODEN: LCHNB Correspondence Address: Farkas, E.; Laboratory for Lichenology and Phytochemistry, Institute of Ecology and Botany, Mta Centre for Ecological Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Alkotmany u. 2 4, Hungary; email: farkas.edit@okologia.mta.hu Laboratory for Lichenology and Phytochemistry, Institute of Ecology and Botany, Mta Centre for Ecological Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Alkotmany u. 2 4, Vacratot, H-2163, Hungary Institute of Botany and Ecophysiology, Szent Istvan University, Pater K. u. 1, Godollo, H-2100, Hungary Cited By :1 Export Date: 3 February 2021 CODEN: LCHNB Correspondence Address: Farkas, E.; Laboratory for Lichenology and Phytochemistry, Alkotmany u. 2 4, Hungary; email: farkas.edit@okologia.mta.hu Funding Agency and Grant Number: Hungarian Scientific Research FundOrszagos Tudomanyos Kutatasi Alapprogramok (OTKA) [OTKA 81232, 101713]; Research Centre of Excellence [11476-3/2016/FEKUT]; National Research Development and Innovation Fund [NKFI K 124341]; British Lichen Society Funding text: We are grateful to Mrs Sandorne Vadkerti (Vacratot) for technical help while collecting specimens in the field. Dr Katalin Molnar (Komarom), Mrs Nora Varga (Vacratot) and Dr Laszlo Lokos (Budapest) are thanked for reading the manuscript. This work was supported by the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA 81232 - PI: EF, 101713 - PI: ZsCs), the Research Centre of Excellence (11476-3/2016/FEKUT for ZsCs and KV) and the project financed by the National Research Development and Innovation Fund (NKFI K 124341 - PI: EF). The travel grant from the British Lichen Society contributed towards a presentation (by EF) of this research during IAL8 2016. Laboratory for Lichenology and Phytochemistry, Institute of Ecology and Botany, Mta Centre for Ecological Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Alkotmany u. 2 4, Vacratot, H-2163, Hungary Institute of Botany and Ecophysiology, Szent Istvan University, Pater K. u. 1, Godollo, H-2100, Hungary Cited By :1 Export Date: 22 April 2021 CODEN: LCHNB Correspondence Address: Farkas, E.; Laboratory for Lichenology and Phytochemistry, Alkotmany u. 2 4, Hungary; email: farkas.edit@okologia.mta.hu Laboratory for Lichenology and Phytochemistry, Institute of Ecology and Botany, Mta Centre for Ecological Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Alkotmany u. 2 4, Vacratot, H-2163, Hungary Institute of Botany and Ecophysiology, Szent Istvan University, Pater K. u. 1, Godollo, H-2100, Hungary Cited By :1 Export Date: 21 May 2021 CODEN: LCHNB Correspondence Address: Farkas, E.; Laboratory for Lichenology and Phytochemistry, Alkotmany u. 2 4, Hungary; email: farkas.edit@okologia.mta.hu Laboratory for Lichenology and Phytochemistry, Institute of Ecology and Botany, Mta Centre for Ecological Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Alkotmany u. 2 4, Vacratot, H-2163, Hungary Institute of Botany and Ecophysiology, Szent Istvan University, Pater K. u. 1, Godollo, H-2100, Hungary Cited By :1 Export Date: 31 August 2021 CODEN: LCHNB Correspondence Address: Farkas, E.; Laboratory for Lichenology and Phytochemistry, Alkotmany u. 2 4, Hungary; email: farkas.edit@okologia.mta.hu Laboratory for Lichenology and Phytochemistry, Institute of Ecology and Botany, Mta Centre for Ecological Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Alkotmany u. 2 4, Vacratot, H-2163, Hungary Institute of Botany and Ecophysiology, Szent Istvan University, Pater K. u. 1, Godollo, H-2100, Hungary Cited By :1 Export Date: 2 September 2021 CODEN: LCHNB Correspondence Address: Farkas, E.; Laboratory for Lichenology and Phytochemistry, Alkotmany u. 2 4, Hungary; email: farkas.edit@okologia.mta.hu LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Molnár, Katalin AU - Farkas, Edit TI - Depsides and depsidones in populations of the lichen Hypogymnia physodes and its genetic diversity. JF - ANNALES BOTANICI FENNICI J2 - ANN BOT FENN VL - 48 PY - 2011 IS - 6 SP - 473 EP - 482 PG - 10 SN - 0003-3847 DO - 10.5735/085.048.0605 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/1416453 ID - 1416453 N1 - Cited By :10 Export Date: 26 November 2019 CODEN: ABOFA Correspondence Address: Molnár, K.; Institute of Ecology and Botany, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-2163 Vácrátót, Hungary; email: kmcz100@gmail.com LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Molnár, Katalin AU - Farkas, Edit TI - Current Results on Biological Activities of Lichen Secondary Metabolites: a Review JF - ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR NATURFORSCHUNG C-A JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCES J2 - Z NATURFORSCH C VL - 65 PY - 2010 IS - 3-4 SP - 157 EP - 173 PG - 17 SN - 0939-5075 DO - 10.1515/znc-2010-3-401 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/1632124 ID - 1632124 LA - English DB - MTMT ER -