@article{MTMT:3312483,
	title = {Comparison of 2D and 3D neural induction methods for the generation of neural progenitor cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/3312483},
	author = {Chandrasekaran, A and Avci, HX and Ochalek, A and Rosingh, LN and Molnár, Kinga and László, Lajos and Bellák, Tamás and Teglasi, A and Pesti, Krisztina and Mike, Árpád and Phanthong, P and Biró, Orsolya and Hall, V and Kitiyanant, N and Krause, KH and Kobolák, Julianna and Dinnyés, András},
	doi = {10.1016/j.scr.2017.10.010},
	journal-iso = {STEM CELL RES},
	journal = {STEM CELL RESEARCH},
	volume = {25},
	unique-id = {3312483},
	issn = {1873-5061},
	abstract = {Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are frequently induced using 3D culture methodologies however, it is unknown whether spheroid-based (3D) neural induction is actually superior to monolayer (2D) neural induction. Our aim was to compare the efficiency of 2D induction with 3D induction method in their ability to generate NPCs, and subsequently neurons and astrocytes. Neural differentiation was analysed at the protein level qualitatively by immunocytochemistry and quantitatively by flow cytometry for NPC (SOX1, PAX6, NESTIN), neuronal (MAP2, TUBB3), cortical layer (TBR1, CUX1) and glial markers (SOX9, GFAP, AQP4). Electron microscopy demonstrated that both methods resulted in morphologically similar neural rosettes. However, quantification of NPCs derived from 3D neural induction exhibited an increase in the number of PAX6/NESTIN double positive cells and the derived neurons exhibited longer neurites. In contrast, 2D neural induction resulted in more SOX1 positive cells. While 2D monolayer induction resulted in slightly less mature neurons, at an early stage of differentiation, the patch clamp analysis failed to reveal any significant differences between the electrophysiological properties between the two induction methods. In conclusion, 3D neural induction increases the yield of PAX6(+)/NESTIN(+) cells and gives rise to neurons with longer neurites, which might be an advantage for the production of forebrain cortical neurons, highlighting the potential of 3D neural induction, independent of iPSCs' genetic background.},
	year = {2017},
	eissn = {1876-7753},
	pages = {139-151},
	orcid-numbers = {Molnár, Kinga/0000-0002-7196-5331; László, Lajos/0000-0002-2114-9109; Mike, Árpád/0000-0002-9095-8161; Biró, Orsolya/0000-0002-4300-3602; Kobolák, Julianna/0000-0002-0986-9517}
}

@article{MTMT:3250942,
	title = {TGFbeta/activin/nodal signaling is necessary for the maintenance of pluripotency in human embryonic stem cells.},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/3250942},
	author = {James, D and Levine, AJ and Besser, D and Brivanlou, Ali H.},
	doi = {10.1242/dev.01706},
	journal-iso = {DEVELOPMENT},
	journal = {DEVELOPMENT},
	volume = {132},
	unique-id = {3250942},
	issn = {0950-1991},
	abstract = {Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) self-renew indefinitely and give rise to derivatives of all three primary germ layers, yet little is known about the signaling cascades that govern their pluripotent character. Because it plays a prominent role in the early cell fate decisions of embryonic development, we have examined the role of TGFbeta superfamily signaling in hESCs. We found that, in undifferentiated cells, the TGFbeta/activin/nodal branch is activated (through the signal transducer SMAD2/3) while the BMP/GDF branch (SMAD1/5) is only active in isolated mitotic cells. Upon early differentiation, SMAD2/3 signaling is decreased while SMAD1/5 signaling is activated. We next tested the functional role of TGFbeta/activin/nodal signaling in hESCs and found that it is required for the maintenance of markers of the undifferentiated state. We extend these findings to show that SMAD2/3 activation is required downstream of WNT signaling, which we have previously shown to be sufficient to maintain the undifferentiated state of hESCs. Strikingly, we show that in ex vivo mouse blastocyst cultures, SMAD2/3 signaling is also required to maintain the inner cell mass (from which stem cells are derived). These data reveal a crucial role for TGFbeta signaling in the earliest stages of cell fate determination and demonstrate an interconnection between TGFbeta and WNT signaling in these contexts.},
	keywords = {Animals; Humans; MICE; Signal Transduction/*physiology; Phosphoproteins/metabolism; DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism; Trans-Activators/metabolism; Transforming Growth Factor beta/*metabolism; Benzamides/pharmacology; Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors; Blastocyst/metabolism; Smad5 protein; Smad3 protein; Smad2 protein; Dioxoles/pharmacology; Activins/*metabolism; Nodal Protein; Pluripotent Stem Cells/drug effects/*metabolism},
	year = {2005},
	eissn = {1477-9129},
	pages = {1273-1282}
}