TY  - JOUR
AU  - Haak, W
AU  - Lazaridis, I
AU  - Patterson, N
AU  - Rohland, N
AU  - Mallick, S
AU  - Llamas, B
AU  - Brandt, G
AU  - Nordenfelt, S
AU  - Harney, E
AU  - Stewardson, K
AU  - Fu, Q
AU  - Mittnik, A
AU  - Bánffy, Eszter
AU  - Economou, C
AU  - Francken, M
AU  - Friederich, S
AU  - Pena, RG
AU  - Hallgren, F
AU  - Khartanovich, V
AU  - Khokhlov, A
AU  - Kunst, M
AU  - Kuznetsov, P
AU  - Meller, H
AU  - Mochalov, O
AU  - Moiseyev, V
AU  - Nicklisch, N
AU  - Pichler, SL
AU  - Risch, R
AU  - Rojo, Guerra MA
AU  - Roth, C
AU  - Szécsényi-Nagy, Anna
AU  - Wahl, J
AU  - Meyer, M
AU  - Krause, J
AU  - Brown, D
AU  - Anthony, D
AU  - Cooper, A
AU  - Alt, KW
AU  - Reich, D
TI  - Massive migration from the steppe was a source for Indo-European languages in Europe.
JF  - NATURE
J2  - NATURE
VL  - 522
PY  - 2015
SP  - 207
EP  - 211
PG  - 5
SN  - 0028-0836
DO  - 10.1038/nature14317
UR  - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/2856595
ID  - 2856595
AB  - We generated genome-wide data from 69 Europeans who lived between 8,000-3,000 years ago by enriching ancient DNA libraries for a target set of almost 400,000 polymorphisms. Enrichment of these positions decreases the sequencing required for genome-wide ancient DNA analysis by a median of around 250-fold, allowing us to study an order of magnitude more individuals than previous studies and to obtain new insights about the past. We show that the populations of Western and Far Eastern Europe followed opposite trajectories between 8,000-5,000 years ago. At the beginning of the Neolithic period in Europe, approximately 8,000-7,000 years ago, closely related groups of early farmers appeared in Germany, Hungary and Spain, different from indigenous hunter-gatherers, whereas Russia was inhabited by a distinctive population of hunter-gatherers with high affinity to a approximately 24,000-year-old Siberian. By approximately 6,000-5,000 years ago, farmers throughout much of Europe had more hunter-gatherer ancestry than their predecessors, but in Russia, the Yamnaya steppe herders of this time were descended not only from the preceding eastern European hunter-gatherers, but also from a population of Near Eastern ancestry. Western and Eastern Europe came into contact approximately 4,500 years ago, as the Late Neolithic Corded Ware people from Germany traced approximately 75% of their ancestry to the Yamnaya, documenting a massive migration into the heartland of Europe from its eastern periphery. This steppe ancestry persisted in all sampled central Europeans until at least approximately 3,000 years ago, and is ubiquitous in present-day Europeans. These results provide support for a steppe origin of at least some of the Indo-European languages of Europe.
LA  - English
DB  - MTMT
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gábris, Gyula
AU  - Horváth, Erzsébet
AU  - Novothny, Ágnes
AU  - Ruszkiczay-Rüdiger, Zsófia
TI  - Fluvial and aeolian landscape evolution in Hungary - results of the last 20 years research
JF  - NETHERLANDS JOURNAL OF GEOSCIENCES-GEOLOGIE EN MIJNBOUW
J2  - NETH J GEOSCI
VL  - 91
PY  - 2012
IS  - 1-2
SP  - 111
EP  - 128
PG  - 18
SN  - 0016-7746
DO  - 10.1017/s0016774600001530
UR  - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/2218442
ID  - 2218442
N1  - Cited By :24            
            Export Date: 13 December 2022            
            Correspondence Address: Gábrís, Gy.; Eötvös University of Budapest, , 1117 Budapest Pazmany sétány 1/C, Hungary; email: gabris@ludens.elte.hu
AB  - Present study provides a review of the latest results on fluvial and aeolian landscape evolution in Hungary achieved by our team during the last 20 years. - The Hungarian river terrace system and its chronology was described with special emphasise on the novel threshold concept. A revised terrace system was created by the compilation of novel terrace chronology and MIS data. Evolution of river terraces was not only governed by climatic factors but tectonic ones too. Incision rate of the Danube, and uplift rate of the Transdanubian Range (TR) was around 0.1-0.3 mm/a in the marginal zones of the TR (mostly based on the published U-series data) and was above 1 mm/a in its axial zone (based on He-3 exposure age dating of strath terraces). - According to a detailed geomorphological investigation of the different channel-planform morphologies in the Middle Tisza region and SajoHernad alluvial fan, six phases of river pattern change and four incision periods were detected during the last 20,000 years. - Wind polished rock surfaces dated by in situ produced cosmogenic Be-10 suggest that deflation was active in Hungary as early as 1.5 Ma ago. According to these exposure age data, Pleistocene denudation rate of the study area (Balaton Highland) was 40-80 m/Ma. - In sand covered areas the alternations of wind-blown layers and buried fossil soils provide information about climate and environment changes. In this study, periods of sand movement were mostly determined by optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating methods and five aeolian sand accumulation periods were recognised during the last 25 000 years. - A new loess stratigraphical view was elaborated using the most recent dating methods (luminescence, AAR). The lower part of Mende Upper (MF1-2) pedokomplex is suggested to represent the last interglacial period (MIS 5e). During the last interglacial/glacial period (MIS 5 - MIS 2) several soil-forming periods existed but the preservation of these paleosoils is variable depending on their paleogeomorphological position.
LA  - English
DB  - MTMT
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Mészáros, Orsolya Anna
AU  - Serlegi, Gábor
TI  - The impact of environmental change on Medieval settlement structure in Transdanubia
JF  - ACTA ARCHAEOLOGICA ACADEMIAE SCIENTIARUM HUNGARICAE
J2  - ACTA ARCHAEOL ACAD SCI HUNG
VL  - 62
PY  - 2011
IS  - 1
SP  - 199
EP  - 219
PG  - 21
SN  - 0001-5210
DO  - 10.1556/AArch.62.2011.1.9
UR  - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/2456240
ID  - 2456240
LA  - English
DB  - MTMT
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Pinke, Zsolt László
ED  - Kázmér, Miklós
TI  - Adatok és következtetések a középkori Hortobágy-Sárrét demográfiájához (1300-1350)
T2  - Környezeti események a honfoglalástól napjainkig történeti és természettudományi források tükrében
PB  - Hantken Kiadó
CY  - Budapest
SN  - 9786155086038
T3  - Környezettörténet, ISSN 2063-4463 ; 2.
PY  - 2011
SP  - 80
EP  - 117
PG  - 38
UR  - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/1969484
ID  - 1969484
AB  - Adatok és következtetések a középkori Hortobágy-Sárrét demográfiájához (1300-1350)

Pinke Zsolt

Összefoglalás

Dolgozatunkban a Kárpát-medence központi síkvidéki régiója, a Tiszántúl középső részén elterülő 9331 km² kierjedésű Hortobágy-Sárrét elnevezésű vizsgálati terület 1300-1350 közötti településhálózat rekonstrukciójához kapcsolódó módszertani kérdésekkel, a településhálózat változásaihoz vezető okok felderítésével foglalkozunk. A településhálózati rekonstrukció alapján becslést teszünk a terület demográfiai viszonyaira, a tájanként eltérő népsűrűségre, az eltérés okaira. Vizsgáljuk, hogy mely területek válhattak a korszakban az élővilág refugiumaivá, a vizes élőhelyi növények és állatok legkisebb emberi zavarásnak kitett közösségei maradhattak fenn. Vizsgálati területünk a Kárpát-medence folyószabályozások előtti legnagyobb kiterjedésű ártérrendszerét foglalja magába. Feltehetően antropogén és klimatikus hatások összjátéka következtében korszakunkban a táj anyag- és energiaforgalmi folyamatai jelentősen átalakultak. Tézisünk szerint a környezeti kihívásra az emberi közösségek tájanként eltérő módon reagáltak és az eltérő alkalmazkodási stratégiák egymástól térben elkülönülő, akár ellentétes irányú több évszázadig, vagy napjainkig ható településtörténeti, tájtörténeti folyamathoz vezethettek, melynek két példáját túrkevei és debreceni mintaterületeinken mutatjuk be. 


Abstract

This paper reviews the questions concerning the methods of reconstructing the medieval settlement network between 1300-1350 and the reasons leading to the transformation of the settlement network in the middle section of Tiszántúl lying in the central part of the Pannonian Plain. We are out to estimate the demographic conditions, the various population densities of landscapes and try to find the reasons behind the differences. By way of the reconstructing the mediaval settlement network of our study area that extends over 9331 km² and which had contained the biggest unbroken floodplain network of the Pannonian Plain, we examine which areas can be turned into refuges where plant and animal communities could sustain undisturbed. As a collective result of some anthropogenic and climatic impacts, the processes of energy and material streams of lowlands had transformed significantly in the course of time. According to our thesis, human communities that had inhabited the landscapes may have reacted to environmental challanges in heterogenous ways. Diverse adaptation strategies may have lead to different processes of settlement and landscape history separated in space running even contrary to each other for centuries with effects working even today.

Keywords: medieval settlements and landscape history, regional differences, human-nature interaction, settlement network changes, historical demography.
LA  - Hungarian
DB  - MTMT
ER  - 

TY  - CHAP
AU  - Timár, Gábor
AU  - Biszak, S
AU  - Székely, Balázs
AU  - Molnár, Gábor
ED  - Jobst, M
TI  - Digitized Maps of the Habsburg Military Surveys. Overview of the Project of ARCANUM Ltd. (Hungary)
TS  - Overview of the Project of ARCANUM Ltd. (Hungary)
T2  - Preservation in digital cartography
PB  - Springer Netherlands
CY  - Berlin
CY  - Heidelberg
SN  - 9783642127328
T3  - Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography ; 4.
PY  - 2011
SP  - 273
EP  - 283
PG  - 11
DO  - 10.1007/978-3-642-12733-5_14
UR  - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/1380383
ID  - 1380383
LA  - English
DB  - MTMT
ER  - 

TY  - BOOK
AU  - Becse, A
AU  - Mezősi, Gábor
AU  - Ádám, László
AU  - Juhász, Ágoston
AU  - Marosi, S
AU  - Somogyi, Sándor
AU  - Szilárd, J
AU  - Ambrózy, P
AU  - Konkolyné, Bihari Z
AU  - Király, Botond Gergely
AU  - Molnár, Zsolt
AU  - Bölöni, János
AU  - Csiky, János
AU  - Vojtkó, András
AU  - Rajkai, Kálmán László
AU  - Tóth, Gergely
AU  - Tiner, Tibor
AU  - Dövényi, Zoltán
AU  - Michalkó, Gábor
AU  - Keresztesi, Zoltán
ED  - Dövényi, Zoltán
TI  - Magyarország kistájainak katasztere. Második, átdolgozott és bővített kiadás
TS  - Második, átdolgozott és bővített kiadás
ET  - 0
PB  - MTA Földrajztudományi Kutatóintézet
CY  - Budapest
PY  - 2010
SP  - 876
SN  - 9789639545298
UR  - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/1395109
ID  - 1395109
N1  - A kötet osztatlan szerzőséggel, 20 fő együttes szerzőségével 
készült.
LA  - Hungarian
DB  - MTMT
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kasse, C
AU  - Bohncke, S J P
AU  - Vandenberghe, J
AU  - Gábris, Gyula
TI  - Fluvial style changes during the last glacial-interglacial transition in the middle Tisza Valley (Hungary))
JF  - PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGISTS ASSOCIATION
J2  - P GEOLOGIST ASSOC
VL  - 121
PY  - 2010
IS  - 2
SP  - 180
EP  - 194
PG  - 15
SN  - 0016-7878
DO  - 10.1016/j.pgeola.2010.02.005
UR  - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/2121206
ID  - 2121206
N1  - Department of Climate Change and Landscape Dynamics, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands            
            Department of Physical Geography, Pázmány, Eötvös Loránd University, Péter Sétány 1/c, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary            
            Cited By :73            
            Export Date: 16 January 2023            
            Correspondence Address: Kasse, C.; Department of Climate Change and Landscape Dynamics, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands; email: kees.kasse@falw.vu.nl
LA  - English
DB  - MTMT
ER  - 

TY  - THES
AU  - Kern, Zoltán
TI  - Éghajlati és környezeti változások rekonstrukciója faévgyűrűk és barlangi jég vizsgálata alapján
PY  - 2010
SP  - 116
UR  - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/1845500
ID  - 1845500
N1  - Témavezető: Gábris Gyula, Kázmér Miklós
A védés időpontja: 2010-10-26 08:30:00
A fokozat odaítélésének kelte: 2010-12-09
LA  - Hungarian
DB  - MTMT
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Petrovszki, Judit
AU  - Mészáros, János
TI  - The Great Hungarian Plain in the sheets of the Habsburg Military surveys and some historical maps – A case study of the Körös/Criş Drainage Basin.
JF  - ACTA GEODAETICA ET GEOPHYSICA HUNGARICA
J2  - ACTA GEODAET GEOPHYS HUNG
VL  - 45
PY  - 2010
IS  - 1
SP  - 56
EP  - 63
PG  - 8
SN  - 1217-8977
DO  - 10.1556/AGeod.45.2010.1.9
UR  - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/1872495
ID  - 1872495
LA  - English
DB  - MTMT
ER  - 

TY  - BOOK
AU  - Vadas, András
TI  - Weather Anomalies and Climatic Change in Late Medieval Hungary. Weather events in the 1310s in the Hungarian Kingdom
TS  - Weather events in the 1310s in the Hungarian Kingdom
ET  - 0
PB  - VDM Verlag
CY  - Saarbrücken
PY  - 2010
SP  - 110
SN  - 9783639306545
UR  - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/2235221
ID  - 2235221
LA  - English
DB  - MTMT
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kern, Zoltán
AU  - Grynaeus, András
AU  - Morgós, A
TI  - Reconstructed August-July precipitation for Southern Bakony Mountains (Transdanubia, Hungary) back to AD 1746 based on ring widths of oak trees
JF  - IDŐJÁRÁS / QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE HUNGARIAN METEOROLOGICAL SERVICE
J2  - IDŐJÁRÁS
VL  - 113
PY  - 2009
IS  - 4
SP  - 299
EP  - 314
PG  - 16
SN  - 0324-6329
UR  - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/1378499
ID  - 1378499
N1  - Cited By :26            
            Export Date: 19 January 2023            
            Correspondence Address: Kern, Z.; Institute for Geochemical Research, Budaörsi út 45, H-1112 Budapest, Hungary; email: kern@geochem.hu
LA  - English
DB  - MTMT
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Popa, I
AU  - Kern, Zoltán
TI  - Long-term summer temperature reconstruction inferred from tree-ring records from the Eastern Carpathians
JF  - CLIMATE DYNAMICS
J2  - CLIM DYNAM
VL  - 32
PY  - 2009
IS  - 7-8
SP  - 1107
EP  - 1117
PG  - 11
SN  - 0930-7575
DO  - 10.1007/s00382-008-0439-x
UR  - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/1378470
ID  - 1378470
LA  - English
DB  - MTMT
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sümegi, Pál
AU  - Jakab, Gusztáv
AU  - Majkut, P
AU  - Törőcsik, Tünde
AU  - Zatykó, Csilla
TI  - Middle Age paleoecological and paleoclimatological reconstruction in the Carpathian Basin
JF  - IDŐJÁRÁS / QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE HUNGARIAN METEOROLOGICAL SERVICE
J2  - IDŐJÁRÁS
VL  - 113
PY  - 2009
IS  - 4
SP  - 265
EP  - 298
PG  - 34
SN  - 0324-6329
UR  - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/1951407
ID  - 1951407
N1  - Megjegyzés-24810357
Admin megjegyzés-24439248
#JournalID1#
Name: Ido;; járás QJ Hungarian Meteorol. Service
ISSN: 0324-6329
#JournalID2#
LA  - English
DB  - MTMT
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Timár, Gábor
AU  - Gábris, Gyula
TI  - Estimation of the water conducting capacity of the natural flood conducting channels of the Tisza floodplain, the Great Hungarian Plain
JF  - GEOMORPHOLOGY
J2  - GEOMORPHOLOGY
VL  - 98
PY  - 2008
IS  - 3-4
SP  - 250
EP  - 261
PG  - 12
SN  - 0169-555X
DO  - 10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.12.031
UR  - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/1138107
ID  - 1138107
AB  - The rapidly subsiding central part of the Pannonian Basin, the flood-plain system of the Tisza River, is analyzed. Natural flood-conducting channels that were functioning prior to the construction of the water control measures of the 19th century have been identified and mapped. By now these channels have mostly disappeared; only small traces of them can be found on modern maps. The identification of these channels was achieved by studying historical maps of the region and by geomorphologic studies. Drawing the outline of the channels and the estimation of their initial meander size was supported by elevation models and satellite imagery. Eight flood breakout points and five independent channel systems were identified. The flood conveying capacity of each channel was also estimated, based on meander wavelengths. The reliability of this estimation is discussed. The channels functioned as anabranches, conducting the floods of the Tisza to its tributary, the Körös River. The efficiency of the flood control system could be increased by regeneration of these natural channels. The summarized water conveying capacity of the abandoned channels is estimated as 1000 m3/s, a value that is slightly under a half of the flood discharge of the Tisza River.
LA  - English
DB  - MTMT
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Gábris, Gyula
AU  - Nádor, Annamária
TI  - Long-term fluvial archives in Hungary: response of the Danube and Tisza rivers to tectonic movements and climatic changes during the Quaternary: a review and new synthesis
JF  - QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
J2  - QUATERN SCI REV
VL  - 26
PY  - 2007
IS  - 22-24
SP  - 2758
EP  - 2782
PG  - 25
SN  - 0277-3791
DO  - 10.1016/j.quascirev.2007.06.030
UR  - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/1135543
ID  - 1135543
AB  - The paper discusses the Quaternary evolution of the Danube and Tisza
rivers and their main tributaries in the context of evolution of the
entire Pannonian Basin, which is Europe's largest intramontane basin,
within the Alp-Carpathian orogen. The palaeo-drainage reconstruction of
the Pannonian Basin for the pre-Quaternary period is Outlined in
connection with the gradual regression of Lake Pannon since the Late
Miocene. Deltas of rivers that entered the basin from the northwest and
northeast were gradually transformed into extended alluvial plains;
thus, the earliest possible ancestor of the Danube coming
southeastwards from the Alps could be as old as Late Miocene. By the
Pliocene the whole Lake Parnnon was infilled. The former extensional
basin formation was replaced by a compresional stress field, which
resulted in an uplift of the marginal flanks and late-stage subsidence
anomalies. The increasing relief led to the formation of the Quaternary
drainage pattern. The actively subsiding young basins were filled by
fluvial sediments, transported by the Danube and Tisza river systems
from the uplifting mountains. Between the subsiding regions of the
Little and Great Plains, the Danube has formed an antecedent valley
with terrace staircases between the uplifting sections of the
Transdanubian Range and the North Midmountains. The formation of the
terraces is attributed to periodic climate changes during the
Pleistocene combined with differences in the uplift rate. The paper
gives a complex overview of the classical chronology of the six
terraces based on various data sources: mostly dating of loess/paleosol
sequences, travertines, aeolian sand, and tephra strata overlying the
fluvial sediments, complemented by scattered vertebrate faunal data and
archaeological evidence directly from the terrace sediments. The
Quaternary drainage pattern evolution of the Great Plain, with a strong
tectonic control, is discussed in detail. Rivers originating from the
uplifting marginal areas were drawn towards the subsiding depressions
which served as local base level. Changes in subsidence rates in space
and time throughout the Quaternary resulted in the evolution of a
complex drainage pattern. A special emphasis is placed on the Late
Pleistocene-Holocene development of the Middle-Tisza region and the
Koros basin, where the Berettyo-Koros Rivers form an eastern tributary
system of the Tisza River. A comparative evaluation of these two areas
is especially relevant, as they provide insights into large-scale Late
Pleistocene avulsion of the Tisza River. OSL dating, complemented with
inferred transport directions determined from heavy mineral analysis of
fluvial sediments in the Koros basin, has revealed an ancient large
meandering river system that can be identified with the palaeo-Tisza,
which was flowing along a tectonically controlled depression during the
Late Pleniglacial. Successions in the Middle Tisza region have allowed
differentiation between the older channels of the palaeo-Bodrog River
and the Sajo-Hernad alluvial fan and the younger meander belts of the
new course of the Tisza. In the Tisza system, changes in river style
(braided to various scales of meandering) show correspondence to
millennial-scale climate changes of the last 25 ka, while in the Koros
basin the effects of tectonics are overprinted onto the regional
climatic signals. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
LA  - English
DB  - MTMT
ER  - 

TY  - BOOK
AU  - Rácz, Lajos
TI  - Climate History of Hungary Since 16th Century: Past Present and Future
T3  - Discussion Papers of Centre for Regional Studies of Hungarian Academy of Sciences, ISSN 0238–2008 ; 28.
ET  - 0
PB  - Centre for Regional Studies, Hungarian Academy of Sciences
CY  - Pécs
PY  - 1999
SP  - 160
UR  - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/173137
ID  - 173137
LA  - English
DB  - MTMT
ER  - 

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Horváth, Ferenc
AU  - Cloetingh, S
TI  - Stress-induced late-stage subsidence anomalies in the Pannonian basin
JF  - TECTONOPHYSICS
J2  - TECTONOPHYSICS
VL  - 266
PY  - 1996
IS  - 1-4
SP  - 287
EP  - 300
PG  - 14
SN  - 0040-1951
DO  - 10.1016/S0040-1951(96)00194-1
UR  - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/1255454
ID  - 1255454
N1  - DE: basin evolution; basin modeling; tectonic inversion; intraplate stress
AB  - Subsidence, sedimentation and tectonic quiescence of the Pannonian
basin was interrupted a few million years ago by tectonic reactivation.
This recent activity has manifested itself in uplift of the western and
eastern flanks, and continuing subsidence of the central part of the
Pannonian basin. Low- to medium-magnitude earthquakes of the
Carpathian-Pannonian region are generated mostly in the upper crust by
reverse and wrench fault mechanisms. There is no evidence for
earthquakes of extensional origin.
2-D model calculation of the subsidence history shows that a recent
increase in magnitude of horizontal compressional intraplate stress can
explain fairly well the observed Quaternary uplift and subsidence
pattern. We propose that this stress increase is caused by the overall
Europe/Africa convergence. In Late Pliocene, consumption of subductible
lithosphere at the eastern margin of the Pannonian basin was completed,
and the lithosphere underlying the Pannonian basin became locked in a
stable continental frame. Consequently extensional basin formation has
come to an end, and compressional inversion of the Pannonian basin is
in progress.
LA  - English
DB  - MTMT
ER  -