@article{MTMT:2139144,
	title = {Detection of the effects of repeated dose combined propoxur and heavy metal exposure by measurement of certain toxicological, haematological and immune function parameters in rats.},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/2139144},
	author = {Institóris, László and Siroki, O and Undeger, U and Basaran, N and Banerjee, BD and Dési, Illés},
	doi = {10.1016/S0300-483X(01)00381-X},
	journal-iso = {TOXICOLOGY},
	journal = {TOXICOLOGY},
	volume = {163},
	unique-id = {2139144},
	issn = {0300-483X},
	abstract = {In the present study, an immunotoxicity test system, containing general toxicological (body weight gain, organ weights), haematological (WBC,RBC, Ht, mean cell volume of the RBCs, cell content of the femoral bone marrow), and immune function (PFC assay, DTH reaction) investigations, was used for detection the effects of a 4 weeks repeated low dose combined oral exposure of male Wistar rats with propoxur and the heavy metals arsenic or mercury. Two doses of the compounds were used: a higher one (the lowest dose which resulted in significant change of at least one parameter examined in previous dose-effect experiments), and a lower one (the highest dose which proved to be non-effective). The applied doses were: 8.51 and 0.851 mg kg(-1) of propoxur, 13.3 and 3.33 mg kg(-1) of NaAsO(2), and 3.20 and 0.40 mg kg(-1) of HgCl(2). In the combination treatment, the high dose of propoxur was combined with the low dose of arsenic or mercury, and the high doses of each heavy metals were combined with the low dose of propoxur. The main finding of this study was that some of the combinations significantly altered the relative weight of liver, adrenals and kidneys, related to both the untreated and the high dose internal control. Among the immune functions examined, only the PFC content of the spleen showed a trend of changes in certain combinations versus the corresponding high dose control. According to the present results, combined exposure with propoxur and the heavy metals examined can modify the detection limit of the single compounds and/or may alter their toxic effects.},
	keywords = {Animals; Male; RATS; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Time Factors; Liver/drug effects; Kidney/drug effects; Lethal Dose 50; Rats, Wistar; Drug Combinations; Adrenal Glands/drug effects; Arsenic/toxicity; Organ Size/drug effects; hematocrit; erythrocyte count; Insecticides/*toxicity; erythrocyte volume; Propoxur/administration & dosage/*toxicity; Metals, Heavy/administration & dosage/*toxicity; Mercury/toxicity; Mercuric Chloride/toxicity; Immunotoxins/toxicity},
	year = {2001},
	eissn = {1879-3185},
	pages = {185-193}
}

@article{MTMT:2139145,
	title = {Immunotoxicological investigation of subacute combined exposure by permethrin and the heavy metals arsenic(III) and mercury(II) in rats.},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/2139145},
	author = {Institóris, László and Siroki, O and Undeger, U and Basaran, N and Dési, Illés},
	doi = {10.1016/S1567-5769(01)00029-7},
	journal-iso = {INT IMMUNOPHARMACOL},
	journal = {INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY},
	volume = {1},
	unique-id = {2139145},
	issn = {1567-5769},
	abstract = {Effects of combined 28 days of oral exposure to the insecticide Permethrin (Pe), alone or in combination with arsenic-III (As) or Hg-II (Hg), were investigated on certain toxicological (body weight, organ weights), haematological (white blood cell (WBC) and red blood cell (RBC) counts, haematocrit (Ht), mean cell volume (MCV), cell content of the femoral bone marrow) and immune function (IgM-PFC, delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction) parameters of male Wistar rats. Immunotoxic (H = high) and NOEL (L = low) doses of the three substances were determined in preliminary experiments under identical experimental conditions. In the present study, the immunotoxic dose of Pe (126 mg/kg) was combined with the NOEL dose of As (3.33 mg/kg) or Hg (0.40 mg/kg), and the NOEL dose of Pe (12.6 mg/kg) with the immunotoxic dose of As (13.3 mg/kg) or Hg (3.20 mg/kg). A separate group of animals, treated with the appropriate high dose component only, was used as internal control. Significant interactions were observed in the liver weight of the animals treated with Pe(H)-As(L) or As(H)-Pe(L), in the cell content of the femoral bone marrow in case of Pe(H)-As(L) and Pe(H)-Hg(L) combinations, as well as in the number of PFCs formed from 10(6) spleen cells in the Pe(H)-As(L) and in the maximum of DTH reaction in the Hg(H)-Pe(L) combination. The results show that combined exposures by the investigated substances modify the toxic (including immunotoxic) effects of the single compounds. These findings rise the probability that the interactions observed can also be present in human situations altering the health hazard of this three chemicals.},
	keywords = {Animals; Male; RATS; Hypersensitivity, Delayed; No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level; Rats, Wistar; Immunoglobulin M/biosynthesis; Permethrin/administration & dosage/*toxicity; Mercury/administration & dosage/*toxicity; Insecticides/administration & dosage/toxicity; Arsenic/administration & dosage/*toxicity; Antibody-Producing Cells/drug effects},
	year = {2001},
	eissn = {1878-1705},
	pages = {925-933}
}