@article{MTMT:34779153, title = {Adopting Reliability-Based Design Acceptance Criteria in Probabilistic Open Pit Slope Analysis: A Parametric Study}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34779153}, author = {Velarde, Gustavo and Macciotta, Renato}, doi = {10.1007/s10706-024-02749-w}, journal-iso = {GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING}, journal = {GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING}, unique-id = {34779153}, issn = {0960-3182}, abstract = {Design of open pit slopes is a decision-making process which aims to maximize ore recovery while minimizing the stripping ratio. Slope design will typically meet a Design Acceptance Criteria (DAC), and the current practice of designing open pit slopes adopts the industry-wide accepted Guidelines of Open Pit Slope Design published in 2009. However, designing open pit slopes is a complex process that involves inherent risks and geotechnical uncertainties. Consequently, reliability analyses have become a valuable tool in managing uncertainties. This paper presents a parametric study that considers uncertainties related to the rock mass strength properties and the slope geometric configurations, evaluated at three different design reliability levels. This parametric study adopts a reliability-based DAC (RBDAC) approach presented in 2020. The reliability assessment is carried out using probabilistic analyses adopting the 2D limit equilibrium method along with Monte Carlo simulations. The input variables for the rock mass strength are defined through Probability Density Functions (PDFs) that capture the natural variability while the input variables of geological structures are defined through kinematic assessments. The PDFs of the rock mass strength properties were modelled based on the generalized Hoek-Brown criterion using the mean, coefficient of variation (COV), and correlation coefficient. Probabilistic analysis results show that most of the resultant pairs of Factor of Safety (FoS) and Probability of Failure, and associated COV of the resulting FoS (COVFoS) are consistent with the RBDAC approach. This approach has significant implications for slope optimization for planned pit pushbacks.}, keywords = {Probabilistic analysis; Reliability-based Design Acceptance Criteria}, year = {2024}, eissn = {1573-1529} } @article{MTMT:34569287, title = {Hydraulic Behavior of Fractured Calcite-Rich Sandstone After Exposure to Reactive CO2-H2O Flow}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34569287}, author = {Dimadis, Georgios C. and Bakasis, Ilias A.}, doi = {10.1007/s10706-023-02718-9}, journal-iso = {GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING}, journal = {GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING}, unique-id = {34569287}, issn = {0960-3182}, abstract = {Geological carbon sequestration in jointed reservoirs will require the use of fracture network for the flow of CO(2 )plumes. However, acidic solution formed at the interface between brine and CO(2 )can cause chemical erosion of the local rock mass, especially in rocks with high carbonate content. The use of the water alternating gas technique for injection stimulation can exacerbate this issue, as the water-CO2 interface occurs in areas near the injection point. As a result, acidic flow can impact the surrounding rock mass, particularly around the main flow paths where fracture network conductivity is much higher than matrix permeability. To investigate the impact of acidic flow on fracture conductivity, we conducted an experiment on a fractured sandstone sample that was exposed to CO2-saturated water. Our findings revealed a nearly ten-fold increase in post-experimental water-relative permeability, and restriction of flow within established flow channels, which consist one third of the fracture surface. In conclusion, our study sheds light on the dynamic behavior of fractured sandstone under the influence of CO2-H2O flow, revealing significant changes in transmissivity and fracture geometry. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the hydraulic performance of fractures in the context of geological carbon sequestration.}, keywords = {Permeability; DISSOLUTION; FLUID-FLOW; Normal stress; MCT; Cubic Law; ROCK FRACTURE; CO2 storage; Rough fractures; fracture aperture; Ca dissolution; CO2 geologic sequestration; Aperture closure; Fracture conductivity; GEOLOGICAL MEDIA}, year = {2024}, eissn = {1573-1529} } @article{MTMT:34594674, title = {Basal Heave Stability Analysis of a Circular Shaft Excavation Considering FEM, NLA, and MPM Approaches}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34594674}, author = {Fernandez, Fabricio and Calpa Juajinoy, David Sebastian and Vargas, Euripedes Jr. and Velloso, Raquel Quadros and Dias, Daniel}, doi = {10.1007/s10706-023-02693-1}, journal-iso = {GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING}, journal = {GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING}, unique-id = {34594674}, issn = {0960-3182}, abstract = {This paper presents results obtained using three numerical approaches for the basal heave analysis of a hypothetical circular shaft: the Finite Element Method (FEM), Numerical Limit Analysis (NLA), and the Material Point Method (MPM). The Strength Reduction Factor (SRF) methodology was used in conjunction with the MPM, NLA, and FEM to analyze the stability of this structure under dry and saturated conditions. In this paper, we introduced a methodology for applying the SRF technique within the framework of the MPM in a three-dimensional (3D) context. The paper compares and discusses results from the three analysis methods concerning the factor of safety and failure mechanisms. In particular, the failure surface and the run-out condition were also evaluated for a hypothetical case with large deformations using MPM. The results obtained from the three numerical methods exhibited good consistency. Regarding FEM, NLA required the least computational cost to get the safety factor, being a more appealing tool for its estimation, and the MPM allowed consideration of large deformations in the simulations without any additional numerical treatments like remeshing. The current work demonstrates a potential strategy for combining MPM, NLA, and FEM approaches to determine the failure mechanism and the post-rupture processes with large deformations.}, keywords = {STABILITY; excavations; numerical limit analysis; Material point method; Basal heave}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1573-1529}, orcid-numbers = {Fernandez, Fabricio/0000-0001-7523-5961} } @article{MTMT:34585243, title = {Prediction of Soil-Water Characteristic Curves in Bimodal Tropical Soils Using Artificial Neural Networks}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34585243}, author = {Pereira, Savio Aparecido dos Santos and Silva Junior, Arlam Carneiro and Mendes, Thiago Augusto and Gitirana Junior, Gilson de Farias Neves and Alves, Roberto Dutra}, doi = {10.1007/s10706-023-02716-x}, journal-iso = {GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING}, journal = {GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING}, unique-id = {34585243}, issn = {0960-3182}, abstract = {Laborious and time-consuming tests are required for the determination of the soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC), often leading to the adoption of estimation methods. To answer the challenge of SWCC prediction, numerous pedotransfer functions (PTF) have been developed. Yet, previous studies have not considered the special behavior of bimodal tropical soils. These materials present dual porosity that is generally attributed to particle aggregation. This paper presents a novel PTF, specifically designed for bimodal tropical soils and based on artificial neural networks (ANNs). The model was trained and tested utilizing a database that was assembled containing soils from tropical regions of Brazil and featuring data for the grain-size distribution (GSD), consistency limits, and SWCC. Natural and remolded soils were included in the training database, but no distinction between soil conditions was made in the ANN. GSDs in the aggregated and disaggregated states were used to offer information to the ANN regarding the effect of particle aggregation on the water retention. The developed model was able to reproduce the typical SWCC shape of bimodal soils. Predictions for the degree of saturation were moderately correlated with directly measured data, with a coefficient of determination of 0.69. The air-entry value and residual suction of the macropores proved to be the most difficult SWCC attributes to be estimated. The ANN presented superior performance when compared to other PTFs not designed specifically for bimodal tropical soils, such as the Arya-Paris and ROSETTA models. It can be concluded from the obtained results that the developed ANN architecture and general approach showed a high capability to capture the main features of the SWCC.}, keywords = {machine learning; WATER RETENTION; TROPICAL SOILS; UNSATURATED SOILS; Lateritic soils}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1573-1529} } @article{MTMT:34564513, title = {Effect of Slag on Shear Parameters of Collapsible Soils Compacted to Proctor Optimum}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34564513}, author = {Ziani, Hocine and Abbeche, Khelifa and Deboucha, Sadek and Amriou, Abderrachid}, doi = {10.1007/s10706-023-02653-9}, journal-iso = {GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING}, journal = {GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING}, unique-id = {34564513}, issn = {0960-3182}, abstract = {Constructions on untreated collapsible soils requires special attention from geotechnical engineers and building owners. The collapse destroys intergranular soil bonds and decreases matrix suction, which mobilizes a reaction called shear resistance (tau). This experimental study was based on the contribution of slag (granulated slag (GS)) and natural pozzolan (NPz) on three fundamental parameters involved in the improvement of a laboratory reconstituted soil (S0), humidified to optimum water content (OWC): collapse potential (Cp), type of compaction and shear strength parameters (cohesion (c), internal friction angle (phi)). Compressibility tests by simple oedemeter, shear strength measurements using a Casagrande box, followed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, were carried out on untreated and treated samples mixed with slag at different doses (1, 3, 5 and 7%) of the S0 dry weight. Samples were moistened to OWC and statically compacted. Test results showed that GS and NPz reduced the Cp by around 70%, improved c by 233.33%, 164.67% for GS and NPz respectively with slight decreases in phi for both additions. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed the formation of a compact structure due to the new rearrangement of particles in the granular matrix of treated samples.}, keywords = {internal friction angle; natural pozzolan; collapsible soil; Optimum water content; Granulated slag}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1573-1529} } @article{MTMT:34425205, title = {Investigating the Impact of Varying Sand Content on the Physical Characteristics of Expansive Clay Soils from Syria}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34425205}, author = {ALNMR, AMMAR and Ray, Richard}, doi = {10.1007/s10706-023-02698-w}, journal-iso = {GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING}, journal = {GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING}, volume = {2023}, unique-id = {34425205}, issn = {0960-3182}, abstract = {Expansive clayey soils often pose challenges for construction projects due to their low bearing capacity, swelling, and shrinkage properties. While previous research has explored additives to enhance these soils’ properties, the potential of sand remains underexplored. This study investigates the impact of varying sand percentages on expansive clayey soils’ consistency, compaction, and permeability. This study examines how adding different percentages of sand influences the physical properties of expansive clayey soils. Laboratory tests involved systematic testing of texture, compaction, and permeability. Findings reveal a notable improvement in the physical properties of the soil with the addition of sand. Results from the laboratory tests provided data for empirical equations that facilitate the prediction of soil properties based on the sand content. The enhancement in soil properties underscores the potential of sand as an additive for expansive clayey soils. The empirical equations presented here provide practical benefits to geotechnical engineers and practitioners engaged in construction projects involving these soils, offering them valuable insights into the benefits of sand additives to improve physical characteristics. The insights gained from this research hold promising prospects for improving construction practices and addressing the challenges associated with these soils.}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1573-1529}, orcid-numbers = {ALNMR, AMMAR/0000-0001-6326-4378} } @article{MTMT:34405589, title = {Planar Slope Failure in Heavily Jointed Rock: Tension Cracks and Nonlinear Strength}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34405589}, author = {Úcar, R. and Belandria, N. and Corredor, A. and Arlegui, L.}, doi = {10.1007/s10706-023-02629-9}, journal-iso = {GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING}, journal = {GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING}, unique-id = {34405589}, issn = {0960-3182}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1573-1529} } @article{MTMT:34369669, title = {Numerical Optimisation of Excavation Pit Design Using Finite Element Analyses}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34369669}, author = {Juergens, Hauke and Henke, Sascha}, doi = {10.1007/s10706-023-02639-7}, journal-iso = {GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING}, journal = {GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING}, unique-id = {34369669}, issn = {0960-3182}, abstract = {The present study focusses on optimising a single supported excavation pit to achieve a more economical design using finite element analyses. Two methods for automating the derivation of the excavation pit's necessary embedment depth are presented, which involve either embedment depth reduction using additional calculation phases or adapting the entire model with renewed discretisation. The bending moments as well as the earth pressure distribution along the wall show good agreement, indicating that both methods are suitable for application. Subsequently, the feasibility of using optimisation algorithms (Particle Swarm Optimisation and Differential Evolution) for dimensioning the single supported excavation pit regarding stress analysis of the wall is investigated. Therefore, the embedment depth and the position of the strut are varied for five different sheet pile walls and three different strut profiles. The results demonstrate that both algorithms perform well, particularly with a higher number of calculation steps. After varying iteration steps and population size, the Differential Evolution approach shows better performance compared to Particle Swarm Optimisation by means of finding the optimal solution after a lower number of computational steps.}, keywords = {Numerical methods; finite element analysis; Particle swarm optimisation; Differential Evolution; Excavation pit}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1573-1529}, orcid-numbers = {Henke, Sascha/0000-0002-4862-378X} } @article{MTMT:34349862, title = {Enhanced Criterion for Selecting Surface Soils for Multi-layered Cover System}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34349862}, author = {Gupt, Chandra Bhanu and Yamsani, Sudheer Kumar and Shaikh, Janarul and Sekharan, Sreedeep and Rakesh, Ravi Ranjan}, doi = {10.1007/s10706-023-02572-9}, journal-iso = {GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING}, journal = {GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING}, unique-id = {34349862}, issn = {0960-3182}, abstract = {The multi-layered cover systems (MLCS) are usually constructed over near surface hazardous landfills to isolate waste from the atmosphere. The existing design and construction criteria of MLCS are predominantly based on the flow or strength characteristics of soil. However, the surface layer of MLCS is subjected to intense soil-atmosphere interaction in the form of precipitation, run off, erosion, infiltration, desiccation, and alternate wetting-drying resulting in the performance deterioration. There are no explicit criteria in literature for accounting all these complex factors while designing the surface layer. This study proposes an enhanced criterion for selecting surface soil and its design compaction state by inclusion of multiple field anticipated performance requisites related to erosion, infiltration, desiccation, and strength characteristics. The main objective of this study is to evaluate these characteristics using simple well-established laboratory tests namely pin hole erosion, disk infiltrometer, volumetric shrinkage, and unconfined compression tests for different soils and different compaction states of good performing soil. Based on the test results, criterion for assessing the suitability of soil as surface layer were evolved. The selected soil was further studied for identifying suitable compaction zone. Results showed that the silty soil with low plasticity, which falls, in ML classification is better suitable for surface layer of MLCS. Compacting soil near optimum moisture content and higher density was found to show enhanced performance with good strength, low permeability, low erodibility, and low shrinkage. The proposed criterion incorporating additional performance markers is a quick method for effective design of surface soil in MLCS.}, keywords = {DESICCATION; erosion; INFILTRATION; CRITERION; Soil-atmosphere; Multi-layered cover system (MLCS)}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1573-1529}, orcid-numbers = {Shaikh, Janarul/0000-0003-0020-2932; Sekharan, Sreedeep/0000-0003-2566-6901} } @article{MTMT:34346593, title = {A Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Models for Predicting Loess Collapse Potential}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34346593}, author = {Motameni, Sahand and Rostami, Fateme and Farzai, Sara and Soroush, Abbas}, doi = {10.1007/s10706-023-02593-4}, journal-iso = {GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING}, journal = {GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING}, unique-id = {34346593}, issn = {0960-3182}, abstract = {Collapsible soils, particularly loessial soils, present significant geotechnical engineering hazards that should be carefully investigated before any construction can commence. However, it is generally difficult to estimate the collapse potential of soils based on the relative contributions of each of the numerous influencing factors. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to find a reliable method for predicting the collapse potential of loessial soils by using machine learning-based tools. In this regard, details of 766 performed oedometer test were gathered from the published literature containing six variables for each data point including dry unit weight of soil, plasticity index, void ratio, degree of saturation, inundation stress at which the oedometer test was conducted, and the collapse potential. Then, prediction for the degree of collapsibility of loess was performed by employing three well-known supervised machine learning tools, namely Multi-Layer Perceptron Neural Network (MLPNN), Radial Basis Function Network (RBFN), and Naive Bayesian Classifier (NBC), and outcomes were analyzed based on a comparative view. Simulation results indicate the superiority of MLPNN in estimating the degree of collapsibility of loess against other models in terms of performance error metrics and precision criterion.}, keywords = {PREDICTION; machine learning; Dataset; loess; inundation; Collapse potential}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1573-1529}, orcid-numbers = {Motameni, Sahand/0000-0002-1841-0142} }