TY - JOUR AU - Papp, Zsófia AU - Susánszky, Pál AU - Szabó, Andrea TI - Question-Order Effect in the Study of Satisfaction with Democracy: Lessons from Three Split-Ballot Experiments JF - SOCIOLOGICAL METHODOLOGY J2 - SOCIOL METHODOL VL - 0 PY - 2024 IS - 0 SP - 1 SN - 0081-1750 DO - 10.1177/00811750241254363 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34883416 ID - 34883416 AB - This study examines question-order effects in measuring satisfaction with democracy (SWD). Particularly, the authors are interested in whether the relative position of the question regarding satisfaction with the state of the economy (SWE) in the questionnaire affects responses to the SWD item. The authors conducted three independent split-ballot experiments in Hungary between March 2021 and May 2022. They report a significant and substantial negative priming effect that possibly leads to a systematic underestimation of SWD. Importantly, the authors find no question-order effect in the measurement of SWE. The analysis further reveals a contrast effect: when the SWD question is primed, the difference between SWE and SWD means increases. The authors’ final recommendation is that researchers either put the SWD question before the SWE item to avoid question-order bias or randomize question order. These findings should assist future data collection efforts (comparative or single-country studies) in developing and integrating a battery of satisfaction items into questionnaires and help users assess data quality. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Fenoll, Vicente AU - Gonçalves, Isabella AU - Bene, Márton TI - Divisive Issues, Polarization, and Users’ Reactions on Facebook: Comparing Campaigning in Latin America JF - POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE J2 - POLITICS GOVERNANCE VL - 12 PY - 2024 SP - 1 EP - 16 PG - 16 SN - 2183-2463 DO - 10.17645/pag.7957 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34848122 ID - 34848122 AB - Economic, social, and health crises have shaken and polarized contemporary politics. An element fueling this polarization is the dissemination of divisive topics on social media platforms. While these polarizing social media tendencies are increasingly studied, research exploring digital political communication in South America remains scarce. This study aims to analyze the electoral campaigns in Brazil, Colombia, Chile, and Peru to define the features that trigger polarized emotional reactions on Facebook. The corpus comprises a sample of 2,930 posts published by candidates and political parties during the first round of the presidential elections held in these countries between 2021 and 2022. We hypothesize that users are more likely to react in a polarized way to content focused on divisive issues. In addition, we examine how these patterns differ across countries and the influence of the level of political polarization. Finally, the role played by party-level characteristics in the emotional reactions of users is also analyzed. By means of quantitative content analysis, these questions are addressed using multilevel negative binomial regressions to identify what predicts Love and Angry reactions. The bandwagon effect seems to work positively on users’ moods since the most popular political actors receive significantly more Love reactions, irrespective of the post’s subject. In more polarized countries, there is a tendency to react more negatively to certain divisive issues, generating greater visibility of these issues on social networks and thus promoting more polarization. These findings expand knowledge about the dynamics of digital political communication in the Global South. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Farkas, Xénia AU - Burai, Krisztina AU - Bene, Márton TI - Shocking Experience: How Politicians’ Issue Strategies Are Shaped by an External Shock During Campaigns JF - POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE J2 - POLITICS GOVERNANCE VL - 12 PY - 2024 IS - 2024 SP - 1 SN - 2183-2463 DO - 10.17645/pag.8077 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34846305 ID - 34846305 AB - In this article, we focus on how the issue strategies of political leaders are influenced by an external shock that completely changes the public agenda of the election campaign. The 2022 Hungarian parliamentary election campaign is a unique case to investigate this question, as Russia attacked Ukraine six weeks before the election day (April 3, 2022). The study aims to investigate whether the campaign’s issue strategies changed due to this shocking event, and if so, what are the main directions of the changes. The examination relies on a manual content analysis of Hungarian party leaders’ Facebook posts during the campaign, covering both the period before and after the outbreak of the war. First, based on the literature, we distinguish between different issue strategies such as issue ownership, issue stealing, “riding the wave,” and multi-issue and issue-poor strategies. We categorize political leaders’ issue strategies based on their issue focus before and after the external shock. Our results show that while war, economy, and foreign policy play a greater role in the communication of most political actors after February 24, there are remarkable differences between political actors. The communication of opposition party leaders seems to persist with their original issue strategies (issue-poor and multi-issue campaigns), while Viktor Orbán clearly changed his focus immediately after the invasion of Ukraine and ran a “riding the wave” campaign with a focus on war. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - BOOK AU - Bene, Márton TI - Adatelemzés az R-ben. Bevezetés a társadalomtudományi adatok elemzésébe az R-program használatával PB - Typotex Kiadó CY - Budapest PY - 2024 SP - 446 SN - 9789634932888 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34764836 ID - 34764836 LA - Hungarian DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gerő, Márton AU - Szabó, Andrea TI - Political integration mechanisms in Hungary (2010–2022) JF - INTERSECTIONS: EAST EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOCIETY AND POLITICS J2 - INTERSECTIONS (HU) VL - 9 PY - 2024 IS - 4 SP - 26 EP - 52 PG - 27 SN - 2416-089X UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34738476 ID - 34738476 AB - Since 2010, Fidesz has won four electoral victories in Hungary with a constitutional majority. In this paper, we argue that the main reason behind this overwhelming electoral success is the specific pattern of political integration that has evolved in recent years. The Hungarian case, as a consequence, may also act as a basis for a theoretical step forward in understanding the role of political integration in de-democratization processes. To understand the role of political integration, we explain how the Habermas-based political integration framework relates to the types of political culture, and then, with the help of representative data collection from 2018 and 2021, we define the integration groups and, using these, examine the party preferences and participation patterns that have developed in today’s Hungary. The Orbán regime successfully generates diffuse mass support: this is embedded in multiple social groups, although none of the integration groups can be considered the sole or primary supporters of the system. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - CHAP AU - Gyulai, Attila AU - Pócza, Kálmán AU - Dobos, Gábor ED - Pócza, Kálmán TI - The Hungarian Constitutional Court: Dialogue in practice T2 - Constitutional Review in Central and Eastern Europe PB - Routledge CY - Abingdon SN - 9781003399483 PY - 2024 SP - 114 EP - 141 PG - 28 DO - 10.4324/9781003399483-5 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34715681 ID - 34715681 AB - This chapter focuses on the question of to what extent has the Hungarian Constitutional Court (HCC) constrained the room for manoeuvre of the legislature in politically salient issues in the period 1990–2020. After separating three different periods of the Hungarian Constitutional Court, it explores what kind of relationship could be discerned between the political activism of the court and the strength of its decisions. One of the main findings of our quantitative research is that political polarization of the court started well before the 2010 elections and that the first court led by László Sólyom constrained less the room for manoeuvre of the legislature in politically salient issues than previously supposed in the literature. We conclude that it was rather the third court after 2010 which actively interfered in the legislative process and constrained more heavily the legislature than any other court previously. While becoming increasingly severe in politically relevant cases, the Hungarian Constitutional Court has been transformed from a cohesive one to a more divided one – well before the court-packing and struggle with the government after the 2010 election. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - CHAP AU - Bene, Márton AU - Tóth, Tamás AU - Manuel, Goyanes TI - Teflonic social media behavior: why users refrain from participating in political discussions and why it matters? T2 - Research Handbook on Social Media and Society PB - Edward Elgar Publishing CY - Cheltenham SN - 9781800377042 PY - 2024 SP - 148 EP - 160 PG - 13 DO - 10.4337/9781800377059.00022 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34512507 ID - 34512507 AB - Research on social media and politics suggests that many users are relatively passive politically and abstain from expressing their political opinion in these semi-public spheres. While many of these individuals are passive because they are simply not interested in politics, research shows that there are other deterring factors. The term ‘Teflonic social media behavior’ (TSMB) refers to users’ conscious abstention from political engagement on social media. In this chapter we first outline this concept and discuss its political relevance. Then, we discuss why social media platforms can be unsafe spaces for political interactions, and based on the literature we identify what social and political factors lie behind social media political passivity: people with larger and more homogeneous networks, heightened sensitivity to conflict, lower emotional intensity and strong motivation to maintain relationships. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Tønnesen, Hedvig AU - Bene, Márton AU - Haßler, Jörg AU - Larsson, Anders Olof AU - Magin, Melanie AU - Skogerbø, Eli AU - Wurst, Anna-Katharina TI - Between anger and love: A multi-level study on the impact of policy issues on user reactions in national election campaigns on Facebook in Germany, Hungary, and Norway JF - NEW MEDIA & SOCIETY J2 - NEW MEDIA SOC VL - online first PY - 2024 SP - 1 EP - 23 PG - 23 SN - 1461-4448 DO - 10.1177/14614448231208122 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34408106 ID - 34408106 N1 - First published online November 28, 2023 AB - Eliciting user reactions is an important tactic for political actors using social media like Facebook to seek attention for campaign messages on policy issues. Still, little is known about policy issues’ effect on user reactions and how structural factors play into this relationship. Applying a standardized manual content analysis on Facebook posts from political parties and their top candidates during the German, Hungarian, and Norwegian national election campaigns in 2021/2022 ( N = 4988), we investigate the relationship between policy issues and two of Facebook’s “emotional reactions” (“angry” and “love”). We find that posts addressing the economy, energy policy, and foreign policy drive more “angry” reactions, while environmental posts drive more “love” reactions. While effects are largely uniform across different party types, there are more variations between countries. Our analyses suggest that differences between individual parties and candidates and situational factors are vital to understanding the relationship between policy issues and user reactions. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Boda, Zsolt TI - Shrinking space: the changing political opportunities of advocacy groups in illiberal governance JF - EUROPEAN POLITICS AND SOCIETY J2 - EUR POL SOC PY - 2024 PG - 20 SN - 2374-5118 DO - 10.1080/23745118.2023.2287245 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34398877 ID - 34398877 N1 - Published online: 24 Nov 2023 HUN-REN Centre for Social Sciences, Budapest, Hungary Faculty of Law, Institute for Political Science, ELTE University, Budapest, Hungary Export Date: 4 January 2024 Correspondence Address: Boda, Z.4, Tóth K. utca, Hungary; email: boda.zsolt@tk.hun-ren.hu LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bene, Márton AU - Magin, Melanie AU - Haßler, Jörg AU - Russmann, Uta AU - Kruschinski, Simon AU - Jackson, Daniel AU - Fenoll, Vicente AU - Farkas, Xénia AU - Baranowski, Paweł AU - Balaban, Delia TI - Populism in Context: A Cross-Country Investigation of the Facebook Usage of Populist Appeals During the 2019 European Parliament Elections JF - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRESS / POLITICS J2 - INT J PRESS/POLIT VL - online first PY - 2024 SP - 1 EP - 22 PG - 22 SN - 1940-1612 DO - 10.1177/19401612231196158 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34126808 ID - 34126808 N1 - First published online September 4, 2023 AB - Recent scholarship demonstrated that Facebook is a fertile space for populist political communication as its unmediated and viral nature make populist appeals highly efficient in mobilizing voters. However, less attention has been paid to the way these populist messages appear through political actors’ Facebook communication, and what post- and page-level factors they are associated with. We investigate these questions in the context of the 2019 European Parliament election based on a unique cross-national dataset covering twelve European countries. In this study, we categorized 8,074 Facebook posts published on the main Facebook pages of sixty-seven parties. Our findings show that different populist appeals are used in specific ways. For example, at the post level, anti-elitism is frequently used in relation to economy, labor and social policy, and immigration; people-centric appeals are associated with labor and social policy and used when parties call for action, while out-group messages are not related to other topics beyond immigration. “Ideational populist” communication is more frequently articulated in European level and related to the topics of economy and labor and social policy. At the party level, it seems that there are still sharp differences between populist and non-populist parties in their communication. LA - English DB - MTMT ER -