@CONFERENCE{MTMT:34831544,
	title = {Long Short - Term Memory in use of eliminating geometric distortions in side-scan sonar imaging},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34831544},
	author = {Lovász, Virág and Halmai, Ákos},
	booktitle = {Absztraktkötet: XII. Interdiszciplináris Doktorandusz Konferencia = Book of Abstract: XII. Interdisciplinary Doctoral Conference},
	unique-id = {34831544},
	year = {2024},
	pages = {125-125},
	orcid-numbers = {Halmai, Ákos/0000-0001-5722-8119}
}

@{MTMT:34571802,
	title = {Example code for "Paul Bourke, 1998: Determining whether or not a polygon (2D) has its vertices ordered clockwise or counter-clockwise".},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34571802},
	author = {Halmai, Ákos},
	unique-id = {34571802},
	abstract = {# Ákos Halmai, 2023.
		import math
		
		
		def getArea(points) -> float:
		    """Expects iterable of two-element-tuples.
		    For example:
		    points = ((0, 0), (1, 0), (1, 1), (0, 1), (0, 0))"""
		
		    area = 0.0
		    (x1, y1) = points[0]
		    for (x2, y2) in points[1:]:
		        area += x1 * y2 - y1 * x2
		        (x1, y1) = (x2, y2)
		
		    return 0.5 * area
		
		
		def getAreaAbs(points) -> float:
		    """Expects iterable of two-element-tuples.
		    For example:
		    points = ((0, 0), (1, 0), (1, 1), (0, 1), (0, 0))"""
		
		    # Returns float (always):
		    return math.fabs(getArea(points))
		
		
		def getAreaPrecise(points) -> float:
		    """Expects iterable of two-element-tuples.
		    For example:
		    points = ((0, 0), (1, 0), (1, 1), (0, 1), (0, 0))"""
		
		    def getPartArea(points):
		        (x1, y1) = points[0]
		        for (x2, y2) in points[1:]:
		            yield x1 * y2
		            yield -y1 * x2
		            (x1, y1) = (x2, y2)
		
		    # Avoids loss of precision by tracking multiple
		    # intermediate partial sums:
		    return 0.5 * math.fsum(getPartArea(points))
		
		
		def getAreaPreciseAbs(points) -> float:
		    """Expects iterable of two-element-tuples.
		    For example:
		    points = ((0, 0), (1, 0), (1, 1), (0, 1), (0, 0))"""
		
		    # Returns float (always):
		    return math.fabs(getAreaPrecise(points))
		
		
		def __isClockwise(*args) -> bool:
		    """Private. Do not use it!"""
		
		    (x0, y0), (x1, y1), (x2, y2), *_ = args
		    return ((x1 - x0) * (y2 - y1) - (y1 - y0) * (x2 - x1)) > 0.0
		
		
		def isClockwise(points) -> bool:
		    """Expects iterable of two-element-tuples.
		    For example:
		    points = ((0, 0), (1, 0), (1, 1), (0, 1), (0, 0))"""
		
		    return __isClockwise(*points)
		
		
		def isConcave(points) -> bool:
		    """Expects iterable of two-element-tuples.
		    For example:
		    points = ((0, 0), (1, 0), (1, 1), (0, 1), (0, 0))"""
		
		    (x0, y0), (x1, y1), (x2, y2), *_ = points
		    switch = __isClockwise((x0, y0), (x1, y1), (x2, y2))
		    for (xn, yn) in points[3:]:
		
		        if switch != __isClockwise((x1, y1), (x2, y2), (xn, yn)):
		            return True
		
		        # Delayed for performance:
		        ((x0, y0), (x1, y1), (x2, y2)) = ((x1, y1), (x2, y2), (xn, yn))
		
		    return False},
	year = {2023},
	orcid-numbers = {Halmai, Ákos/0000-0001-5722-8119}
}

@article{MTMT:34034637,
	title = {Shoreline change dynamics along the Augusta coast, eastern Sicily, South Italy},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34034637},
	author = {Laksono, Fx Anjar Tri and Borzi, Laura and Distefano, Salvatore and Czirok, Lili and Halmai, Ákos and Di Stefano, Agata and Kovács, János},
	doi = {10.1002/esp.5644},
	journal-iso = {EARTH SURF PROCESS LANDF},
	journal = {EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS},
	volume = {48},
	unique-id = {34034637},
	issn = {0197-9337},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {1096-9837},
	pages = {1-12},
	orcid-numbers = {Laksono, Fx Anjar Tri/0000-0002-6061-6136; Halmai, Ákos/0000-0001-5722-8119; Kovács, János/0000-0001-7742-5515}
}

@article{MTMT:33733477,
	title = {Application of a CNN to the Boda Claystone Formation for high-level radioactive waste disposal},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33733477},
	author = {Lovász, Virág and Halász, Amadé and Molnár, Péter and Karsa, Róbert and Halmai, Ákos},
	doi = {10.1038/s41598-023-31564-1},
	journal-iso = {SCI REP},
	journal = {SCIENTIFIC REPORTS},
	volume = {13},
	unique-id = {33733477},
	issn = {2045-2322},
	abstract = {Nations relying on nuclear power generation face great responsibilities when designing their firmly secured final repositories. In Hungary, the potential host rock [the Boda Claystone Formation (BCF)] of the deep geological repository is under extensive examination. To promote a deeper comprehension of potential radioactive isotope transport and ultimately synthesis for site evaluation purposes, we have efficiently tailored geospatial image processing using a convolutional neural network (CNN). We customized the CNN according to the intricate nature of the fracture geometries in the BCF, enabling the recognition process to be particularly sensitive to details and to interpret them in the correct tectonic context. Furthermore, we set the highest processing scale standards to measure the performance of our model, and the testing circumstances intentionally involved various technological and geological hindrances. Our presented model reached ~ 0.85 precision, ~ 0.89 recall, an ~ 0.87 F1 score, and a ~ 2° mean error regarding dip value extraction. With the combination of a CNN and geospatial methodology, we present the description, performance, and limits of a fully automated workflow for extracting BCF fractures and their dipping data from scanned cores.},
	keywords = {Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN); Boda Claystone},
	year = {2023},
	eissn = {2045-2322},
	orcid-numbers = {Halász, Amadé/0000-0003-4582-8883; Karsa, Róbert/0000-0003-0502-1508; Halmai, Ákos/0000-0001-5722-8119}
}

@{MTMT:33741721,
	title = {SL3Reader},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33741721},
	author = {Halmai, Ákos},
	unique-id = {33741721},
	abstract = {It is a tiny C# app, which is able to read SL3 sonar log files made by Lowrance & Simard devices and export the frame headers into a CSV text file. For details see & cite the following publication: Halmai, Ákos; Gradwohl–Valkay, Alexandra; Czigány, Szabolcs; Ficsor, Johanna; Liptay, Zoltán Árpád; Kiss, Kinga; Lóczy, Dénes and Pirkhoffer, Ervin. 2020. "Applicability of a Recreational-Grade Interferometric Sonar for the Bathymetric Survey and Monitoring of the Drava River" ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, no. 3: 149. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9030149 https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/9/3/149
		
		For Hungarian readers: Halmai Ákos, Balatonyi László, Valkay Alexandra Ilona, Czigány Szabolcs, Liptay Zoltán Árpád, Pirkhoffer Ervin. 2018. Új megközelítésű mederfelmérési technikák alkalmazása kisvízfolyásokon. Védelem Tudomány – III. évfolyam 4. szám, 2018. 12. hó. http://www.vedelemtudomany.hu/articles/III/4/09-halmai-etal.pdf
		
		Dissertation in Hungarian: https://pea.lib.pte.hu/handle/pea/24594},
	keywords = {Hidrologia; Szonár; mélységmérés; domborzatmodell},
	year = {2022},
	orcid-numbers = {Halmai, Ákos/0000-0001-5722-8119}
}

@article{MTMT:33568387,
	title = {Light Pollution Mapping in Pecs City with the Help of SQM-L and VIIRS DNB. The Effect of Public Luminaire Replacements on the Sky Background of the Urban Sky},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33568387},
	author = {Gyenizse, Péter and Soltész, Emese and Lóczy, Dénes and Kovács, János and Nagyváradi, László and Elekes, Tibor and Gyenizse-Nagy, Sára and Németh, Gergő and Halmai, Ákos},
	doi = {10.5937/gp26-39526},
	journal-iso = {GEOGRAPHICA PANNONICA},
	journal = {GEOGRAPHICA PANNONICA},
	volume = {26},
	unique-id = {33568387},
	issn = {0354-8724},
	abstract = {Recently light pollution has been one of the most dynamically increasing form of environmental pollution. Light, if it arrives at the wrong place, time, quantity and quality, is harmful to human health and the physical environment-not to mention that it is a mere waste of energy. The brightness of the sky above Pécs was measured by SQM-L instruments in 2011 and 2019. Maps of the different neighbourhoods with different levels of light pollution have been prepared. In addition, special VIIRS day/night band satellite images were also analysed using QGIS software. Our investigations coincided with the modernization of street lighting in the city. The impact of LED illuminators installed along main roads in Pécs was observed locally.},
	year = {2022},
	eissn = {1820-7138},
	pages = {334-344},
	orcid-numbers = {Gyenizse, Péter/0000-0002-8175-9734; Lóczy, Dénes/0000-0002-2542-6775; Kovács, János/0000-0001-7742-5515; Németh, Gergő/0000-0001-7833-4017; Halmai, Ákos/0000-0001-5722-8119}
}

@{MTMT:33560789,
	title = {Analysis of Coastline Change on the Eastern Coast of Sicily, Italy Based on the Calculation of End Point Rate and Linear Regression Rate Statistical Parameters},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33560789},
	author = {Laksono, Fx Anjar Tri and Czirok, Lili and Halmai, Ákos and Kovács, János},
	booktitle = {GeoMATES '22 International Congress on Geomathematics in Earth- and Environmental Sciences},
	unique-id = {33560789},
	abstract = {The eastern coast of Sicily is prone to changes due to human activities, sea-level changes, marine
		natural hazards, fluctuations in sediment supply, and uplift. This phenomenon will impact the
		resilience of infrastructure and settlements in the area. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the
		coastline changes of eastern Sicily over the last 50 decades with a case study of the Catania to
		Syracuse provinces. The method applied in this study is the analysis of Landsat image from 1972 to
		2021, which then calculates the statistical parameters of End Point Rate (EPR) and Linear Regression
		Rate (LRR) using the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) to obtain information on the average
		of accretion and erosion rates. The study results demonstrate that the average accretion and
		erosion rates on the eastern coast of Sicily are 1.39172 m/year and -0.85858 m/year. The highest
		accretion and erosion rates reached 4.55 m/year and -8.99 m/year. This study concludes that the
		eastern coast of Sicily changes towards the sea, or in other words, there is an expansion of the
		coastal area.},
	keywords = {erosion; ACCRETION; Sicily; COASTLINE CHANGE},
	year = {2022},
	pages = {33-33},
	orcid-numbers = {Laksono, Fx Anjar Tri/0000-0002-6061-6136; Halmai, Ákos/0000-0001-5722-8119; Kovács, János/0000-0001-7742-5515}
}

@article{MTMT:33202808,
	title = {Generation of a flood susceptibility map of evenly weighted conditioning factors for Hungary},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33202808},
	author = {Sarkadi, Noémi and Pirkhoffer, Ervin and Lóczy, Dénes and Balatonyi, László and Geresdi, István and Fábián, Szabolcs Ákos and Varga, Gábor and Balogh, Richárd and Gradwohl-Valkay, Alexandra Ilona and Halmai, Ákos and Czigány, Szabolcs},
	doi = {10.5937/gp26-38969},
	journal-iso = {GEOGRAPHICA PANNONICA},
	journal = {GEOGRAPHICA PANNONICA},
	volume = {26},
	unique-id = {33202808},
	issn = {0354-8724},
	abstract = {Over the past decades, in the mountainous, hilly and/or urban areas of Hungary several high-intensity storms were followed by severe flash flooding and other hydrologic consequences. The overall aim of this paper was to upgrade the national flash flood susceptibility map of Hungary first published by Czigány et al. (2011). One elementary watershed level (FFSIws) and three settlement level flash flood susceptibility maps (FFSIs) were constructed using 13 environmental factors that influence flash flood generation. FFSI maps were verified by 2,677 documented flash flood events. In total, 5,458 watersheds were delineated. Almost exactly 10% of all delineated watersheds were included into the category of extreme susceptibility. While the number of the mean-based FFSIs demonstrated a normal quasi-Gaussian distribution with very low percentages in the quintile of low and extreme categories, the maximum-based FFSIs overemphasized the proportion of settlements of high and extreme susceptibility. These two categories combined accounted for more than 50% of all settlements. The highest accuracy at 59.02% for class 5 (highest susceptibility) was found for the majority based FFSIs. The current map has been improved compared to the former one in terms of (i) a higher number of conditional factors considered, (ii) higher resolution, (iii) being settlement-based and (iv) a higher number of events used for verification.},
	year = {2022},
	eissn = {1820-7138},
	pages = {200-214},
	orcid-numbers = {Sarkadi, Noémi/0000-0002-2370-8621; Pirkhoffer, Ervin/0000-0003-2917-3290; Lóczy, Dénes/0000-0002-2542-6775; Balatonyi, László/0000-0001-5130-730X; Geresdi, István/0000-0002-3160-7900; Fábián, Szabolcs Ákos/0000-0001-9127-2113; Halmai, Ákos/0000-0001-5722-8119; Czigány, Szabolcs/0000-0002-9158-3162}
}

@article{MTMT:33155083,
	title = {A GIS-based framework to determine spatially explicit priority categories for flood risk management intervention schemes},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33155083},
	author = {Ortmann-né Ajkai, Adrienne and Morva, Tamás and Pirkhoffer, Ervin and Lóczy, Dénes and Halmai, Ákos and Németh, Gergő and Gyenizse, Péter},
	doi = {10.2478/mgr-2022-0014},
	journal-iso = {MORAV GEOGR REP},
	journal = {MORAVIAN GEOGRAPHICAL REPORTS},
	volume = {30},
	unique-id = {33155083},
	issn = {1210-8812},
	abstract = {The necessity of plural valuation of costs for flood risk management is widely acknowledged, but practical case studies are still scarce. We developed a GIS-based plural valuation framework to determine spatially explicit priority categories for flood risk management intervention schemes on the Drava River, Southern Hungary. A conventional economic evaluation, including land market prices and additional costs due to legal conservation restrictions, was complemented by ecological valuation of vulnerability. The inclusion of ecological vulnerability significantly changed the proposed priority areas for flood risk management interventions: in this case, softwood riparian forests face far less threat, together with other Natura 2000 habitats, in comparison to unprotected wetlands and grasslands. This valuation framework also highlights priority habitats and areas for joint conservation and water management projects, utilising the synergies between several EU Directives as the Birds Directive, Habitats Directive, Flood Directive, and Water Framework Directive. Our framework is adaptable for the other floodplains along major or medium-sized European rivers, assuming that specific local settings are considered.},
	keywords = {Hungary; decision support system; Water Framework Directive; ECOLOGICAL VULNERABILITY; riparian forests; Inland wetlands},
	year = {2022},
	eissn = {2199-6202},
	pages = {211-226},
	orcid-numbers = {Pirkhoffer, Ervin/0000-0003-2917-3290; Lóczy, Dénes/0000-0002-2542-6775; Halmai, Ákos/0000-0001-5722-8119; Németh, Gergő/0000-0001-7833-4017; Gyenizse, Péter/0000-0002-8175-9734}
}

@article{MTMT:33042768,
	title = {Morphometric analysis of low mountains for mapping flash flood susceptibility in headwaters},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33042768},
	author = {Víg, Balázs and Fábián, Szabolcs Ákos and Czigány, Szabolcs and Pirkhoffer, Ervin and Halmai, Ákos and Kovács, István Péter and Varga, Gábor and Dezső, József and Nagy, Gábor and Lóczy, Dénes},
	doi = {10.1007/s11069-022-05513-6},
	journal-iso = {NAT HAZARDS},
	journal = {NATURAL HAZARDS},
	volume = {114},
	unique-id = {33042768},
	issn = {0921-030X},
	abstract = {Morphometric indices from high-resolution DEMs can contribute to the estimation of flash flood susceptibility in mountainous areas. We have screened 25 morphometric indices commonly used in literature, and based on a correlation matrix, selected those which showed the strongest relationship with flash flood generation: area ( A ), drainage texture (Rt), drainage density (Dd), elongation ratio (Re), form factor (Ff), lemniscate method ( k ), Gravelius coefficient (GC), forested area (Fa) and relief ratio (Rr). Among them Dd, Rt and Rr had a direct impact on flash flood generation, while A , Re, Fa, Ff, k and GC are in inverse relationship with the intensity of flash floods. Our summary map shows the prioritization of the watersheds on a scale of 0 to 9. The flash flood susceptibility ranking was empirically verified using hydrological data (20-year water regime obtained from 14 official stream gauges). Our conclusions only partially agree with former observations which may be explained by the particular lithology and morphology of the Mecsek Mountains. Since the lower sections of the watersheds are urbanized, for optimal watershed management more detailed GIS analyses of anthropogenic controls on flash flood hazard are needed in the future.},
	keywords = {Runoff; Mecsek Mountains; compactness; Morphometric indices; Flash flood susceptibility; Watershed prioritization},
	year = {2022},
	eissn = {1573-0840},
	pages = {3235-3554},
	orcid-numbers = {Fábián, Szabolcs Ákos/0000-0001-9127-2113; Czigány, Szabolcs/0000-0002-9158-3162; Pirkhoffer, Ervin/0000-0003-2917-3290; Halmai, Ákos/0000-0001-5722-8119; Kovács, István Péter/0000-0002-0270-4365; Lóczy, Dénes/0000-0002-2542-6775}
}