TY - JOUR AU - Spekker, Olga AU - Kiss P., Attila AU - Kis, Luca AU - Király, Kitty AU - Varga, Sándor AU - Marcsik, Antónia AU - Schütz, Oszkár AU - Török, Tibor AU - Hunt, David R. AU - Tihanyi, Balázs TI - White plague among the “forgotten people” from the Barbaricum of the Carpathian Basin–Cases with tuberculosis from the Sarmatian-period (3rd–4th centuries CE) archaeological site of Hódmezővásárhely–Kenyere-ér, Bereczki-tanya (Hungary) JF - PLOS ONE J2 - PLOS ONE VL - 19 PY - 2024 IS - 1 PG - 29 SN - 1932-6203 DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0294762 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34498427 ID - 34498427 AB - Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial infection that is well-known in the palaeopathological record because it can affect the skeleton and consequently leaves readily identifiable macroscopic alterations. Palaeopathological case studies provide invaluable information about the spatio-temporal distribution of TB in the past. This is true for those archaeological periods and geographical regions from when and where no or very few TB cases have been published until now–as in the Sarmatian period (1 st –5 th centuries CE) in the Barbaricum of the Carpathian Basin. The aim of our paper is to discuss five newly discovered TB cases ( HK199 , HK201 , HK225 , HK253 , and HK309 ) from the Sarmatian-period archaeological site of Hódmezővásárhely–Kenyere-ér, Bereczki-tanya (Csongrád-Csanád county, Hungary). Detailed macromorphological evaluation of the skeletons focused on the detection of bony changes likely associated with different forms of TB. In all five cases, the presence of endocranial alterations (especially TB-specific granular impressions) suggests that these individuals suffered from TB meningitis. Furthermore, the skeletal lesions observed in the spine and both hip joints of HK225 indicate that this juvenile also had multifocal osteoarticular TB. Thanks to the discovery of HK199 , HK201 , HK225 , HK253 , and HK309 , the number of TB cases known from the Sarmatian-period Carpathian Basin doubled, implying that the disease was likely more frequent in the Barbaricum than previously thought. Without the application of granular impressions, the diagnosis of TB could not have been established in these five cases. Thus, the identification of TB in these individuals highlights the importance of diagnostics development, especially the refinement of diagnostic criteria. Based on the above, the systematic macromorphological (re-)evaluation of osteoarchaeological series from the Sarmatian-period Carpathian Basin would be advantageous to provide a more accurate picture of how TB may have impacted the ancestral human communities of the Barbaricum. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Spekker, Olga AU - Kis, Luca AU - Lukács, Nikoletta AU - Patyi, Eszter AU - Tihanyi, Balázs TI - The first probable case with tuberculous meningitis from the Hun period of the Carpathian Basin – How diagnostics development can contribute to increase knowledge and understanding of the spatio-temporal distribution of tuberculosis in the past JF - TUBERCULOSIS J2 - TUBERCULOSIS VL - 143 PY - 2023 IS - Supplement PG - 5 SN - 1472-9792 DO - 10.1016/j.tube.2023.102372 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34398890 ID - 34398890 AB - The aim of our paper is to demonstrate and discuss in detail the endocranial bony changes suggestive of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) that were recorded in an adult female's (SPF15) skeleton. The bone remains were uncovered from a solitary grave from the Hun period (5th-century-CE) archaeological site of Solt–Polya-fok (Bács-Kiskun county, Hungary). During the macromorphological examination of the very incomplete and poorly preserved skeleton of SPF15, the inner surface of the skull displayed abnormally pronounced digital impressions (APDIs) and granular impressions (GIs). Recently, it was confirmed that endocranial GIs can be considered as specific signs of TBM; and thus, they are sufficient enough on their own to make a definitive diagnosis of the disease in the palaeopathological practice. On the other hand, APDIs are not specific to TBM but can be tuberculous in origin; their concomitant presence with GIs in SPF15 makes their tuberculous origin very likely. Based on the above, it seems that the adult female from the 5th-century-CE archaeological site of Solt–Polya-fok suffered from TBM. SPF15 is the first reported probable case with tuberculosis (TB) from the Hun period of the present-day territory of Hungary, who gives us invaluable information about the spatio-temporal distribution of the disease in the past. Furthermore, it highlights the paramount importance of diagnostics development, especially the identification and refinement of diagnostic criteria, as without the application of APDIs and GIs, the diagnosis of TB could not have been established in SPF15. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - CONF AU - Kis, Luca AU - Meznerics, Emma AU - Bozóki-Király, Edit AU - Filep, Fanni AU - Paja, László AU - Tihanyi, Balázs TI - An unusual burial from the Avar Age cemetery of Felgyő 77. Bioarchaeological evaluation of the burned skeletal remains from grave No. 621. T2 - The 4th Conference of the "Török Aurél" Anthropological Association PY - 2023 SP - 29 EP - 30 PG - 2 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34198936 ID - 34198936 LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - JOUR AU - Spekker, Olga AU - Tihanyi, Balázs AU - Kis, Luca AU - Madai, Ágota AU - Pálfi, György AU - Csuvár-Andrási, Réka AU - Wicker, Erika AU - Szalontai, Csaba AU - Samu, Levente AU - Koncz, István AU - Marcsik, Antónia AU - Molnár, Erika TI - Leprosy: The age-old companion of humans – Re-evaluation and comparative analysis of Avar-period cases with Hansen's disease from the Danube-Tisza Interfluve, Hungary JF - TUBERCULOSIS J2 - TUBERCULOSIS VL - 142 PY - 2023 PG - 25 SN - 1472-9792 DO - 10.1016/j.tube.2023.102393 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34129929 ID - 34129929 AB - In recent years, our knowledge of leprosy in the past has substantially been enriched. Nonetheless, much still remains to be discovered, especially in regions and periods from where no written sources are available. To fill in some research gaps, we provide the comparative analysis of eight Avar-period leprosy cases from the Danube-Tisza Interfluve (Hungary). In every case, to reconstruct the biological consequences of leprosy, the detected bony changes were linked with palaeopathological and modern medical information. To reconstruct the social consequences of being affected by leprosy, conceptualisation of the examined individuals’ treatment in death was conducted. In every case, the disease resulted in deformation and disfigurement of the involved anatomical areas (rhinomaxillary region, feet, and/or hands) with difficulties in conducting certain physical activities. These would have been disadvantageous for the examined individuals and limited or changed their possibilities to participate in social situations. The most severe cases would have required continuous support from others to survive. Our findings indicate that, despite their very visible disease and associated debility, the examined communities did not segregate leprosy sufferers but provided and cared for them, and maintained a strong enough social network that made their survival possible even after becoming incapable of self-sufficiency. LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - CHAP AU - Varga, Gergely István AU - Kristóf, Lilla Alida AU - Maár, Kitti AU - Kis, Luca AU - Schütz, Oszkár AU - Váradi, Orsolya Anna AU - Kovács, Bence AU - Gînguță, Alexandra AU - Tihanyi, Balázs AU - Nagy, Péter AU - Maróti, Zoltán AU - Nyerki, Emil AU - Török, Tibor AU - Neparáczki, Endre ED - Kovács, Attila ED - Tóth, Anna Judit TI - Középkori magyar uralkodók archeogenetikai vizsgálata T2 - László királytól Szent Lászlóig PB - Magyarságkutató Intézet CY - Budapest SN - 9786156117724 T3 - A Magyarságkutató Intézet Kiadványai, ISSN 2677-0261 ; 61. PY - 2023 SP - 137 EP - 159 PG - 23 DO - 10.53644/MKI.LKSZL.2023.137 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34107341 ID - 34107341 N1 - Másodközlés, eredeti közlés rekordja: 33088518. További másodközlés rekordja: 33695395. AB - Középkori uralkodóink sírjai a történelem viharaiban elvesztek, maradványaik ismeretlen helyen, azonosítatlanul nyugszanak. Máig egyedül III. Béla maradványai kerültek elő, valamint szent királyaink ereklyéi maradtak meg az utókornak, melyek eredetiségét azonban sokan kétségbe vonják. Munkánk során a legtöbb királyunk temetkezési helyéül szolgált székesfehérvári királyi bazilika területén feltárt maradványok archeogenetikai vizsgálatát végezzük el, és azonosítjuk uralkodóink csontvázait. Emellett a Szent László-herma koponyaereklyéjét is megvizsgáltuk, hogy valódiságát igazoljuk. Míg a székesfehérvári vizsgálatokból csak részeredményeket közlünk, lévén a munka még nem fejeződött be, addig a Herma vizsgálata lezajlott, bemutatjuk, hogy eredetisége igazolást nyert, valóban Szent László koponyáját rejti. Mi több, azt is ismertetjük, hogyan járult hozzá Szent László genomvizsgálata az Árpád-házi maradványok személyazonosításához, és kimutatjuk a honfoglalók genetikai örökségét a Szent Király örökítőanyagában. LA - Hungarian DB - MTMT ER - TY - CONF AU - Molnár, Erika AU - Marcsik, Antónia AU - Pálfi, György AU - Kis, Luca AU - Tihanyi, Balázs AU - Spekker, Olga TI - Motion and emotion – Living with leprosy-related physical disability in the past T2 - Abstracts of the 14th International Conference of the GfA PY - 2023 SP - 24 EP - 24 PG - 1 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34038349 ID - 34038349 LA - English DB - MTMT ER - TY - CONF AU - Kiss P., Attila AU - Varga, Sándor AU - Király, Kitty AU - Spekker, Olga AU - Schütz, Oszkár AU - Tihanyi, Balázs AU - Kis, Luca TI - Fegyvertestvérek? Újabb adatok a 2–3. századi barbárok közötti érintkezésekhez egy dél-alföldi temetkezés kapcsán T2 - Fiatal Római Koros Régészek 15. Konferenciája PY - 2023 SP - - UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33998666 ID - 33998666 LA - Hungarian DB - MTMT ER - TY - GEN AU - Molnár, Erika AU - Kis, Luca AU - Marcsik, Antónia AU - Hegyi, Andrea TI - Fogyaték vagy kiváltság? – Fejlődési rendellenességek nyoma az Izsák–balázspusztai honfoglalás kori részleges lovas temetkezés csontvázleletein PY - 2023 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33928407 ID - 33928407 N1 - [poszter] LA - Hungarian DB - MTMT ER - TY - GEN AU - Király, Kitty AU - Kis, Luca AU - Váradi, Orsolya Anna AU - Tihanyi, Balázs AU - Bereczki, Zsolt TI - Új irányok a honfoglalás kori koponyasebészet kutatásában PY - 2023 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33926563 ID - 33926563 N1 - [poszter] LA - Hungarian DB - MTMT ER - TY - GEN AU - Kis, Luca AU - Tihanyi, Balázs AU - Király, Kitty AU - Spekker, Olga AU - Szabó, Árpád AU - Pálfi, György AU - Bereczki, Zsolt TI - Egy befejezetlen koponyaműtét készítéstechnikai és eszköz rekonstrukciós perspektívái a 10. századból PY - 2023 UR - https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33926546 ID - 33926546 N1 - [poszter] LA - Hungarian DB - MTMT ER -