@article{MTMT:34733055, title = {The Economic Potential of Agrivoltaic Systems in Apple Cultivation—A Hungarian Case Study}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34733055}, author = {Chalgynbayeva, Aidana and Balogh, Péter and Szőllősi, László and Gabnai, Zoltán and Apáti, Ferenc and Sipos, Marianna and Bai, Attila}, doi = {10.3390/su16062325}, journal-iso = {SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL}, journal = {SUSTAINABILITY}, volume = {16}, unique-id = {34733055}, abstract = {Agrivoltaic systems (AVS) allow the simultaneous use of land—as a limited resource—for crop production and electricity generation. This paper introduces the development prospects of AVS in Hungary with insights into international trends. The most important part is a complex economic analysis and a unit cost analysis of a 38 MWp capacity AVS, considering the most typical basic data in electricity and apple production. The applied risk analysis is based on a Monte Carlo simulation, the distribution function, and probabilities. To introduce the economic facet of the competitiveness of AVS, a comparative analysis was carried out between AVS, ground-mounted photovoltaic (GM-PV) systems, and conventional apple production systems (ConAPS). In the most probable scenario, the AVS was financially attractive (NPV = 70 million EUR under 30 years). Our correlation analysis shows that feed-in tariff (FIT) price and the role of financing are considered the dominant economic factors. A favorable FIT price enhances the profitability of AVS; however, it makes GM-PV systems more profitable compared to AVS, so it negatively affects the competitiveness of AVS systems. AVS operations result in a more balanced unit cost of apples and of electricity compared to the independent operation of GM-PV systems and of ConAPS; in addition, it allows for land saving and more intensive land use.}, year = {2024}, eissn = {2071-1050}, orcid-numbers = {Chalgynbayeva, Aidana/0000-0002-9841-7765; Balogh, Péter/0000-0002-8611-0221; Szőllősi, László/0000-0003-3571-1382} } @article{MTMT:34528217, title = {Exploring Biomass Linkages in the Food and Energy Market - A Systematic Review}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34528217}, author = {Igbeghe, Christian Barika and Nagy, Adrián Szilárd and Gabnai, Zoltán and Bai, Attila}, doi = {10.3390/en17030563}, journal-iso = {ENERGIES}, journal = {ENERGIES}, volume = {17}, unique-id = {34528217}, issn = {1996-1073}, year = {2024}, eissn = {1996-1073}, orcid-numbers = {Igbeghe, Christian Barika/0000-0003-0289-9876; Nagy, Adrián Szilárd/0000-0002-3813-9759} } @article{MTMT:34429968, title = {Economic Evaluation of a 1 MWel Capacity Power-to-Biomethane System}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34429968}, author = {Bai, Attila and Balogh, Péter and Nagy, Adrián Szilárd and Csedő, Zoltán and Sinóros-Szabó, Botond and Pintér, Gábor and Prajapati, Sanjeev Kumar and Singh, Amit and Gabnai, Zoltán}, doi = {10.3390/en16248009}, journal-iso = {ENERGIES}, journal = {ENERGIES}, volume = {16}, unique-id = {34429968}, issn = {1996-1073}, abstract = {Power-to-biomethane (bio-P2M) is a novel technology that combines the long-term storage of periodically available renewable energy sources (RES) and the upgrading of biogas. This article introduces a complex economic analysis of a 1 megawatt electric (MWel) capacity bio-P2M system based on economic characteristics considered to be typical in practice. The evaluation includes an investment analysis to present the basic scenario, a sensitivity analysis and a unit cost calculation to show the economic viability, the cost structure and the possible reserves of the synthetic natural gas (SNG) as a final output. The risk analysis is executed using Monte Carlo simulation, and the final results are the mean and standard deviation of the outputs, distribution functions and probabilities. Our results show that a significant state subsidy would be needed to boost competitiveness either in terms of investment costs (44% in our calculation) or in technology development to improve technological effectiveness. Another important competitiveness issue is the full utilization of the plant and the lowest possible price for the electricity used. If both cannot be optimized at the same time, then the first one is more important. Natural gas prices and the full utilization of waste heat might result in smaller changes.}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1996-1073}, orcid-numbers = {Bai, Attila/0000-0001-9323-7311; Balogh, Péter/0000-0002-8611-0221; Nagy, Adrián Szilárd/0000-0002-3813-9759; Csedő, Zoltán/0000-0002-0303-5511; Prajapati, Sanjeev Kumar/0000-0001-8687-2333} } @article{MTMT:34215121, title = {Theoretical and Energy Biomass Potential of Heat and Electricity Production in Kosovo}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34215121}, author = {Sertolli, Ardit and Bai, Attila and Gabnai, Zoltán and Mizik, Tamás and Pestisha, Albiona}, doi = {10.3390/en16207209}, journal-iso = {ENERGIES}, journal = {ENERGIES}, volume = {16}, unique-id = {34215121}, issn = {1996-1073}, abstract = {The energy use of residues from agriculture, forestry, and solid waste can foster the transition towards a more renewable energy supply. This paper analyzes the energy potential of the above-mentioned sources for energy applications in Kosovo. The analysis is based on statistical data from different studies and reports, analyzing and calculating them to determine the theoretical and energy biomass potential. Kosovo can increase its self-sufficiency by taking advantage of its rich but under-utilized potential of biomass energy sources. This is a novelty study in this area, considering Kosovo lignite-dominated heat energy and electricity consumption and the available special literature. According to our estimates, the theoretical potential is 6.13 million tons/year, while the biomass energy potential should be around 4.57 million tons/year, including approximately 74.6% of biomass, which can be used for energy needs (heating and electricity). Based on the data and calculations, the available and usable potential shows biomass as an energy source with high potential in Kosovo; its share is very low, but it is reasonable to grow for both environmental and economic reasons.}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1996-1073}, orcid-numbers = {Mizik, Tamás/0000-0003-4328-0631} } @article{MTMT:34071551, title = {A Comprehensive Review of the Distinctive Tendencies of the Diffusion of E-Mobility in Central Europe}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34071551}, author = {Horváth, Gábor and Bai, Attila and Szegedi, Sándor and Lázár, István and Máthé, Csongor and Huzsvai, László and Zakar, Máté and Gabnai, Zoltán and Tóth, Tamás}, doi = {10.3390/en16145421}, journal-iso = {ENERGIES}, journal = {ENERGIES}, volume = {16}, unique-id = {34071551}, issn = {1996-1073}, abstract = {The study introduces the current situation of electric vehicle technologies, the possibilities and possible directions of their market, as well as the economic and environmental aspects in the eastern region of the EU, with special regard to Hungary. Our calculations show that despite the higher costs of ownership, in the case of 7 years of use (among Hungarian conditions), the total cost of the Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV) is lower than that of the Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles (ICEV) in each of the four segments analysed. The purchasing power of the population in the eastern regions of the EU is clearly lower compared to the western regions, yet people in this region spend beyond their financial means on motorization. Despite its unfavourable position, Hungary is in a particularly advantageous position compared to other countries in the region per vehicle and per capita in terms of the spread of BEVs. In the long run, even taking higher prices into account, the use of electric cars, in general, has significant advantages from an economic point of view; lower maintenance costs and fuel prices (especially with increased use) make EVs more cost-effective overall.}, keywords = {Electrical vehicles}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1996-1073}, pages = {-27-2}, orcid-numbers = {Bai, Attila/0000-0001-9323-7311; Huzsvai, László/0000-0003-1267-2835} } @article{MTMT:33989837, title = {Waste Algae for Bioenergy Generation to Mitigate Eutrophication and Greenhouse Emissions in Water Bodies}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33989837}, author = {Singh, Amit and Anand, Vishal and Bai, Attila and Gabnai, Zoltán and Prajapati, Sanjeev Kumar}, doi = {10.3311/PPch.22005}, journal-iso = {PERIOD POLYTECH CHEM ENG}, journal = {PERIODICA POLYTECHNICA-CHEMICAL ENGINEERING}, volume = {67}, unique-id = {33989837}, issn = {0324-5853}, abstract = {Eutrophication has a significant negative impact on the ecosystem since it depletes the planet's biological resources and is further responsible for climate change. It is caused by both endogenous and exogenous nutrient enrichment. This phenomenon degrades the water quality and simultaneously increases the greenhouse gases emission from waterbodies resulting in climate change Inland waterbodies contain enormous amounts of nutrients such as phosphorous, nitrogen, and carbon. Thus, it becomes essential to restore these nutrients using proper sustainable approaches. Algae-based technologies have received a lot of attention these days because of environmentally friendly and inexpensive treatment. About 70% of the nutrient load from wastewater can be removed using such technology. The recovered algal biomass after wastewater treatment contains various biomolecules which can be used for the producing of value-added products such as bioenergy in the form of biomethane and biodiesel, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals along with the synthesis of nanoparticles. Therefore, the primary goal of this review is to inform readers about the possibilities of a low-cost integrated biorefinery based on microalgae for resource recovery and to mitigate eutrophication and greenhouse gas emission from water bodies.}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1587-3765}, pages = {1-12} } @article{MTMT:33919980, title = {Körforgásos gazdasági modell alapú városkoncepció, különös tekintettel a kis- és középvárosokra}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33919980}, author = {Németh, Kornél and Bai, Attila and Dobozi, Eszter Judit and Gabnai, Zoltán and Péter, Erzsébet}, doi = {10.17649/TET.37.2.3445}, journal-iso = {TÉR ÉS TÁRSADALOM}, journal = {TÉR ÉS TÁRSADALOM}, volume = {37}, unique-id = {33919980}, issn = {0237-7683}, abstract = {A városoknak nemcsak a lakossága, hanem a környezetvédelemben és energiagazdálkodásban játszott szerepe is évről évre nő. Ez a tendencia Magyarországra fokozottan igaz, az urbanizációban élő népesség globális átlagot nagymértékben meghaladó aránya miatt. Jogi szempontból a fenntarthatóság terén a helyi önkormányzatok jelenleg önálló hatáskörrel alig rendelkeznek, többnyire csak indirekt módon képesek befolyásolni ezen folyamatokat. A cikkünkben elemzett kis- és középvárosok helyzete több szempontból különbözik a nagyvárosoktól: a fenntarthatósági problémák kisebbek, viszont kezelésükre kevesebb forrás áll rendelkezésre és a körkörös gazdálkodásról meglévő ismeretek is többnyire hiányosabbak.Tanulmányunkban az urbanizációval, a kis- és középvárosok jellemzőivel, a bennük alkalmazható körforgásos gazdasági lehetőségekkel foglalkozunk, röviden bemutatunk néhány jó gyakorlatot és saját kutatásaink alapján a körforgásos gazdaság helyi kialakításához szükséges beavatkozások típusait, szintjeit, pilléreit, sorrendiségét, valamint alapelemeit. Ezek megfelelő szintű és egymásra épülő alkalmazása úgy véljük, hogy lehetővé teszi előbb a körforgásos gazdálkodás megalapozását, ezt követően a kialakított rendszer fenntartását, végül a település lakóinak, vállalkozásainak, esetleg külső szereplők támogatását is.}, year = {2023}, eissn = {2062-9923}, pages = {62-81} } @article{MTMT:33720862, title = {Trends and Characterization of Primary Energy Sources by Energy and Food Prices}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33720862}, author = {Igbeghe, Christian Barika and Mizik, Tamás and Gabnai, Zoltán and Bai, Attila}, doi = {10.3390/en16073066}, journal-iso = {ENERGIES}, journal = {ENERGIES}, volume = {16}, unique-id = {33720862}, issn = {1996-1073}, abstract = {This study introduces the most important energy trends and global food systems, as well as the relationship between the human development index (HDI) and energy supply and the relationship between energy prices and food prices. Based on seven important indicators as variables in 18 relevant countries worldwide, before and after the pandemic, with the help of cluster analysis and comparative analysis, five different primary energy clusters were created and analyzed. Our results prove the high volatility of the composition of these clusters within a short period. Another important finding is that renewable energy sources (RES) are probably not viable options for the largest (developed and developing) countries in the short term. The human development index and food production per capita are the lowest in the renewable energy cluster and the highest in countries dominated by nuclear energy and oil with typically the highest GDP, since they are able to finance the price hike in both food and energy markets. Generally, it can be stated that although there is a relationship between the measured indicators, it is not constant in all cases. Our results and methodology may be a good basis for further research to examine the relationship between the most important relevant indicators in different countries, as well as the effect of a global crisis on strengthening food and energy security.}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1996-1073}, orcid-numbers = {Igbeghe, Christian Barika/0000-0003-0289-9876} } @article{MTMT:33640960, title = {Special Issue on “The Process and Modelling of Renewable Energy Sources”}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33640960}, author = {Gabnai, Zoltán and Pintér, Gábor and Balogh, Péter}, doi = {10.3390/pr11020565}, journal-iso = {PROCESSES}, journal = {PROCESSES}, volume = {11}, unique-id = {33640960}, issn = {2227-9717}, abstract = {The worldwide use of renewable energy sources has been growing significantly year by year, accompanied by continuous technological development [...]}, year = {2023}, eissn = {2227-9717}, orcid-numbers = {Balogh, Péter/0000-0002-8611-0221} } @article{MTMT:33573143, title = {Worldwide Research Trends in Agrivoltaic Systems—A Bibliometric Review}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33573143}, author = {Chalgynbayeva, Aidana and Gabnai, Zoltán and Lengyel, Péter and Pestisha, Albiona and Bai, Attila}, doi = {10.3390/en16020611}, journal-iso = {ENERGIES}, journal = {ENERGIES}, volume = {16}, unique-id = {33573143}, issn = {1996-1073}, abstract = {An agrovoltaic system combines agricultural crop production and energy production in the same place, emphasizing the dual use of land. This article provides a bibliometric analysis of agrivoltaic topics based on publications indexed in SCOPUS, in which either economic assessments of agrivoltaics, agrivoltaic systems for crops and livestock animals, photovoltaic greenhouse and agrivoltaics with open field are discussed, or its ideas are used to analyze certain locations. A bibliometric analysis was conducted using the SCOPUS database. Multiple bibliometric tools, such as R Studio and Biblioshiny, were applied to analyze data for this study. Finally, 121 relevant articles were obtained and reviewed. The results show that the focus topic is a brand-new research area, with the majority of relevant scientific publications concentrated in the last three years, and with much ongoing research. This is why AV-specialized scientific conferences might be the best place to get relevant and up-to-date information, with the highest number being offered in the USA and China. A typical trend in recent years has been researched, focusing on different agricultural aspects. The research results show that scientific publications in recent years mainly focus on short-term predictions, there is no recognized evaluation standard for various prediction analyses, and it is difficult to evaluate various prediction methods so far.}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1996-1073}, orcid-numbers = {Chalgynbayeva, Aidana/0000-0002-9841-7765; Lengyel, Péter/0000-0003-0737-8586} }