@article{MTMT:34434984, title = {Szilvafajták és alanyok növekedése, valamint termőrész-képzése konténeres termesztésben, kétféle öntözéssel}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34434984}, author = {Kajtár-Czinege, Anikó and Osztényiné Krauczi, Éva and Hrotkó, Károly}, journal-iso = {KERTGAZDASÁG (1998)}, journal = {KERTGAZDASÁG (1998)}, volume = {55}, unique-id = {34434984}, issn = {1419-2713}, year = {2023}, pages = {3-22}, orcid-numbers = {Kajtár-Czinege, Anikó/0009-0007-7635-6707} } @article{MTMT:34426852, title = {Cropping and Fruit Quality of Plum (Prunus domestica) Varieties on Different Rootstocks in a Young Orchard}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34426852}, author = {Kajtár-Czinege, Anikó and Osztényiné Krauczi, Éva and Hrotkó, Károly}, doi = {10.1007/s10341-023-00992-8}, journal-iso = {ERWERBS-OBSTBAU}, journal = {ERWERBS-OBSTBAU}, volume = {65}, unique-id = {34426852}, issn = {0014-0309}, abstract = {In Hungary, plum cultivation in earlier years was mainly for processing purposes, and a suitable cultivation system and rootstock use had been developed. For this reason, the rootstock usage is rather uniform, with 95–97% of nurseries applying Myrobalan seedlings. Growing plums for the fresh market is much more profitable but it requires hand-picked trees. For small trees that can be picked standing on the ground and for high yields, we need to find rootstocks suited to the Hungarian climate. In our experiment, two types of evaluation were performed: evaluation block A with three varieties on two rootstocks and evaluation block B with two varieties on three rootstocks. The varieties were ‘Topfive’, ‘Toptaste’, ‘Čačanska lepotica’ and ‘Jojo’. The rootstocks were the traditional Myrobalan and the rootstocks worthy of testing in Hungary: St Julien GF655/2, St Julien A, and Fereley. The experiments were carried out in Kecskemét, Hungary, in a dry lowland climate. Evaluations were performed by one- and two-factor analyses of variance, and means were separated by the Duncan test. As a result, we found that in the evaluation block A trees of ‘Toptaste’ showed lower vigour and cumulative yield but higher yield efficiency. The trees on St Julien A proved to be more productive in cropping years and showed higher yield efficiency compared to Myrobalan. In evaluation block B, there was no difference in growth vigour between either varieties or rootstocks. Trees of ‘Toptaste’ showed higher cumulative yield compared to ‘Topfive’. However, the cumulative yield of trees did not show significant differences; the yield efficiency of ‘Topfive’ was highest on Fereley rootstock. Regarding fruit quality parameters, our study showed differences in fruit maturity and varietal characteristics. Considering the intensive orchard system with spindle trees, St. Julian A proved to be a more productive and precocious rootstock compared to Myrobalan seedling, while for ‘Toptaste’ variety the rootstock Fereley showed certain advantages. ‘Topfive’ proved to be unsuitable for our site conditions.}, year = {2023}, eissn = {1439-0302}, orcid-numbers = {Kajtár-Czinege, Anikó/0009-0007-7635-6707} } @article{MTMT:34317721, title = {Investigation of Dust Deposition in Vegetation Period as an Ecological Service on Urban Trees in Budapest—A Case Study}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34317721}, author = {Szabó, Veronika and Chen, Haimei and Hrotkó, Károly and Kohut, Ildikó}, doi = {10.3390/pollutants3040035}, journal-iso = {POLLUTANTS}, journal = {POLLUTANTS}, volume = {3}, unique-id = {34317721}, abstract = {In this article, we investigated the dust deposit on leaves in the vegetation period of urban trees using a simple washing method. The data presented in this paper are preliminary results. Air pollution and the area and population of cities are increasing. The EU directives require the reduction and maintenance of air pollution. Trees have many ecological services, including the dust removal capacity. We investigated four urban tree species (Acer platanoides L., Fraxinus excelsior L., Tilia tomentosa Moench., and Prunus cerasifera L. ‘Woodii’) in many locations in Budapest. After collection, the leaves were washed with distillated water, which was eliminated in a drying chamber, and then the dust was measured back into the beakers. Microscopical photos were taken of each leaf’s surface. We found differences among species and seasons, which confirmed previous studies. Examining the data by location, we found no difference in dust deposition, unlike previous results. The dust deposition for Tilia tomentosa Moench. is between 48 and 295 mg/m2; for Fraxinus excelsior L., between 47 and 205 mg/m2; and for Acer platanoides L., between 110 and 500 mg/m2. No relevant data were found for Prunus cerasifera ‘Woodii’ (between 426 and 492 mg/m2) due to its exposed location. New data were obtained in Budapest for the dust deposition of the ‘Woodii’ variety. We partially confirmed or provided new results by examining the dust deposition capacities of urban trees. The leaf surface structure of the examined trees is supposedly a typical cause of dust deposit differences.}, year = {2023}, eissn = {2673-4672}, pages = {507-520}, orcid-numbers = {Szabó, Veronika/0009-0004-2827-8298} } @article{MTMT:34126794, title = {Szilvafajták terméshozása különböző alanyokon}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34126794}, author = {Kajtár-Czinege, Anikó and Osztényiné Krauczi, Éva and Hrotkó, Károly}, journal-iso = {KERTGAZDASÁG (1998)}, journal = {KERTGAZDASÁG (1998)}, volume = {55}, unique-id = {34126794}, issn = {1419-2713}, year = {2023}, pages = {33-49} } @article{MTMT:34050836, title = {Evaluating the Capability of Woody Plants to Capture Atmospheric Heavy Metals in Budapest}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34050836}, author = {Chen, Haimei and Kardos, Levente and Gyeviki, Márta and Hrotkó, Károly and Szabó, Veronika and Sütöriné Diószegi, Magdolna}, doi = {10.33038/jcegi.3359}, journal-iso = {J CENT EUR GREEN INNOV}, journal = {JOURNAL OF CENTRAL EUROPEAN GREEN INNOVATION}, volume = {11}, unique-id = {34050836}, abstract = {Urban green infrastructure planning plays an important role in aspects of pollution reduction, such as heavy metal trapping. However, the reduction effects are both influenced by the different pollution conditions in each city and the species-specific interaction of trees and pollution. Herein, we investigated three common urban woody plants (Acer platanoides L., Fraxinus excelsior L. Westhof’s Glorie, and Tilia tomentosa Moench) in Budapest to compare their heavy metal trapping abilities from the airborne in leaf dust deposits and leaves. All samples were deconstructed by a wet digestion method. Four high traffic-related heavy metal elements (Zn, Cu, Pb, and Ni) were determined by using an atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS). The investigated results showed that the relevant concentration of all measured elements was constant in all species, namely Zn < Cu < Pb < Ni. Although the total heavy metal content in the dust deposit increased towards the end of one vegetation period, the highest percentage of total metal concentration was in the summer season as the particulate matter sources varied in each season. These indicate that woody plants are ideal candidates for pollution monitoring. All of the evaluated elements were loaded highest in the dust deposit of T. tomentosa during all sampling times, followed by A. platanoides, and the least in F. excelsior. A significant correlation between metal contents in the dust deposit and leaf was found in T. tomentosa (0.926 at a p<0.01 level). Therefore, we suggest T. tomentosa, which has better atmospheric trace element capturing capacity than A. platanoides and F. excelsior and thus it is a better option for pollution reduction in the urban area.}, year = {2023}, eissn = {2064-3004}, pages = {67-81}, orcid-numbers = {Chen, Haimei/0000-0002-9008-4759} } @article{MTMT:34024815, title = {Apricot Rootstocks with Potential in Hungary}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34024815}, author = {Mendelné Pászti, Edina and Bujdosó, Géza and Sezai, Ercisli and Hrotkó, Károly and Mendel, Ákos}, doi = {10.3390/horticulturae9060720}, journal-iso = {HORTICULTURAE}, journal = {HORTICULTURAE}, volume = {9}, unique-id = {34024815}, year = {2023}, eissn = {2311-7524} } @article{MTMT:34020083, title = {A kajszi (Prunus armeniaca L.) alanyhasználat és alanynemesítés helyzete és a fejlesztés lehetőségei}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34020083}, author = {Mendelné Pászti, Edina and Balogh-Tóth, Anita and Mendel, Ákos and Hrotkó, Károly}, journal-iso = {KERTGAZDASÁG (1998)}, journal = {KERTGAZDASÁG (1998)}, volume = {55}, unique-id = {34020083}, issn = {1419-2713}, year = {2023}, pages = {3-22} } @article{MTMT:33622219, title = {Growth and Productivity of Sweet Cherry Varieties on Hungarian Clonal Prunus mahaleb (L.) Rootstocks}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33622219}, author = {Hrotkó, Károly and Németh-Csigai, Krisztina and Magyar, Lajos and Ficzek, Gitta}, doi = {10.3390/horticulturae9020198}, journal-iso = {HORTICULTURAE}, journal = {HORTICULTURAE}, volume = {9}, unique-id = {33622219}, abstract = {Due to climate changes, drought- and lime-tolerant Prunus mahaleb rootstock may gain importance. Among the Mahaleb rootstocks and hybrids, there are standard and moderate-vigorous types, but their intensive testing in orchards is still needed. Our paper reports on testing rootstocks SL 64, Bogdány, Magyar, SM 11/4 clonal Mahalebs, and the hybrid MaxMa 14. ‘Carmen’, ‘Vera’, ‘Paulus’, and ‘Rita’ sweet cherry trees were trained on the above rootstocks to the principles of Hungarian Cherry Spindle at a spacing of 1.6 × 5 m. Rootstocks SL 64, Bogdány, and SM 11/4 proved to be vigorous, while on rootstocks Magyar and MaxMa 14, the trees were moderately vigorous, about 80%. ‘Carmen’, ‘Vera’, and ‘Rita’ on Magyar and MaxMa 14 produced high cumulative yields without significant differences, while ‘Paulus’ trees were most productive on Bogdány rootstock. ‘Carmen’ on Bogdány rootstock, ‘Vera’ on Magyar and Maxma 14 rootstock, and ‘Rita’ on MaxMa 14 were more precocious than on SL 64. Contrary to SL 64 and MaxMa 14, both Magyar and Bogdány rootstocks resulted in abundant flat branching and good fruit size. Our conclusion is that trees on Magyar and Bogdány rootstocks fit well to the Hungarian Cherry Spindle orchard system with 1250 tree/ha orchard density.}, year = {2023}, eissn = {2311-7524}, orcid-numbers = {Ficzek, Gitta/0000-0003-4981-0867} } @article{MTMT:33084398, title = {Growth Characteristics of Five Plum Varieties on Six Different Rootstocks Grown in Containers at Different Irrigation Levels}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/33084398}, author = {Kajtár-Czinege, Anikó and Osztényiné Krauczi, Éva and Hrotkó, Károly}, doi = {10.3390/horticulturae8090819}, journal-iso = {HORTICULTURAE}, journal = {HORTICULTURAE}, volume = {8}, unique-id = {33084398}, abstract = {In contrast to other European countries, the nurseries in Hungary mainly use Myrobalan seedlings as rootstock for plum trees; no experience with other rootstocks is available yet. The aim of our research was to gather experience and recommend rootstocks to growers that are adapted to the climatic conditions and can be used in high-density intensive orchards. In the experiment, six rootstocks (Myrobalan seedlings, ‘St. Julien GF655/2’, ‘St. Julien A’, ‘Fereley’, ‘Wangenheim’ and ‘WaVit’) and five varieties (‘Topper’, ‘Toptaste’, ‘Topfive’, ‘Čačanska lepotica’ and ‘Jojo’) were tested. The experimental plantation was established in Kecskemét, in the lowland region of Hungary, which is characterised by low humus content and dry climatic conditions. The trees received two different irrigation doses from 2012 onwards, one for each half of the trees (six trees) of a combination. The first irrigation dose was 2 L and the second was 4 L per hour. Trees with the highest trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA) and canopy volume were ‘Topper’, ‘Toptaste’ and ‘Topfive’ on the ‘Fereley’ rootstock, but this rootstock showed lower survival, with only 33–50% of trees surviving the 2× dose irrigation. The average TCSA values of the rootstocks showed that ‘Wangenheim’ and ‘WaVit’ rootstocks resulted in too poor growth. In contrast, the Myrobalan seedling (Sdlg) and ‘St. Julien GF655/2’ provided strong growth to the trees based on the TCSA and canopy volume data. The results of the analysis of shoot growth showed that irrigation did not significantly affect shoot length, except for ‘Jojo’. The plum trees developed fruit trees typical of the cultivars after fruiting, with little influence of the rootstocks. ‘Topper’ and ‘Čačanska lepotica’ were dominated by bunched and bunched shoots, while ‘Topfive’ was dominated by short shoots and ‘Toptaste’ developed the highest proportion of long shoots.}, year = {2022}, eissn = {2311-7524}, pages = {819-833}, orcid-numbers = {Kajtár-Czinege, Anikó/0009-0007-7635-6707} } @inproceedings{MTMT:32876884, title = {Különböző biostimulátorok hatása díszcserjék dugványainak gyökeresedésére és dugványcsemeték minőségére}, url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/32876884}, author = {Szabó, Veronika and Magyar, Lajos and Hrotkó, Károly}, booktitle = {A Lippay János – Ormos Imre – Vas Károly (LOV) Tudományos Ülésszak tanulmányai [Proceedings of János Lippay – Imre Ormos – Károly Vas (LOV) Scientific Meeting]}, unique-id = {32876884}, abstract = {Díszcserjék szaporításához a hajtásdugványozás a legeredményesebb szaporítási mód. Ennek feltétele az anyanövények egészségi állapota, a róluk lekerülő hajtások minősége, és a gyökeresedési időszak alatt a fotoszintetizáló levelek életben tartása. A gyökeresedés fajtól, fajtától függően 4-8 hétig terjedhet. A legtöbb cserjének 6 hét alatt meggyökeresednek a hajtásai a dugványozás során. Ennyi idő alatt a dugványok levelei erős vízhiánynak vannak kitéve, attól függetlenül, hogy a fedett termesztőberendezésben az öntözés mellett a minél magasabb páratartalmat is biztosítják. Jelen publikációban a Philadelphus lewisii ’Waterton’, a Philadelphus ’White Rock’ fajtáit, valamint a Viburnum carlesii ’Aurora’ fajtájának dugványait kezeltük Kelpak és Yeald Plus biostimulátorokkal. A Kelpak egy hűvösebb tengerben élő alga, az Ecklonia maxima, amely természetes összetevőivel stimulálja a növényeket. A Yeald Plus pedig egy zink-tartalmú levéltrágya, amely javítja a gyökeresedést a triptofán előállítását serkenti az auxinképződés során, így javítva a dugványok gyökeresedését. A kísérlet során kezelésenként 50-50 db dugványt tettünk le 5*10 ismétlésben, fóliasátorba május-június hónapokban 2019-ben és 2020-ban. Mindkét kezeléshez az ajánlott koncentráció dupláját vettük, ez Kelpak esetében 0,4%-os, Yeald Plus esetében 0,3%-os koncentrációt adott. Hetente egy alkalommal 1-1 liter oldatot juttattunk ki mindhárom fajtára. A kontroll csoport csapvizes kezelést kapott a megadott időpontokban. A dugványozás előtt a kiinduló nyers és száraztömeget mértük, valamint a dugványozást követő 8. héten a gyökeres dugványokból is vettünk nyers és száraztömeg méréshez mintákat. Ezekből kiszámoltuk a kiindulási víz- és szárazanyag-tartalmat, valamint a gyökeres dugványok adataiból is. Ezek különbségéből pedig a szárazanyag-tartalom változást kaptuk meg. A gyökeres dugványokon gyökérbonitálást is végeztünk. A fajták gyökeresedése mindkét évben 80% feletti volt. Az egyes fajták eltérő módon reagáltak a biostimulátoros kezelésre mind a gyökeresedést, mind a víz- és szárazanyag-tartalom változásra a gyökeresedés során.}, year = {2022}, pages = {605-616} }