@article{MTMT:34741333,
	title = {Classification Assessment Tool: A program to measure the uncertainty of classification models in terms of class-level metrics},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34741333},
	author = {Szabó, Szilárd and Holb, Imre and Abriha-Molnár, Vanda Éva and Szatmári, Gábor and Singh, Sudhir Kumar and Abriha, Dávid},
	doi = {10.1016/j.asoc.2024.111468},
	journal-iso = {APPL SOFT COMPUT},
	journal = {APPLIED SOFT COMPUTING},
	volume = {155},
	unique-id = {34741333},
	issn = {1568-4946},
	abstract = {Accuracy assessments are important steps of classifications and get higher relevance with the soar of machine 
		and deep learning techniques. We provided a method for quick model evaluations with several options: calculate 
		the class level accuracy metrics for as many models and classes as needed; calculate model stability using random 
		subsets of the testing data. The outputs are single calculations, summaries of the repetitions, and/or all accuracy 
		results per repetitions. Using the application, we demonstrated the possibilities of the function and analyzed the 
		accuracies of three experiments. We found that some popular metrics, the binary Overall Accuracy, Sensitivity, 
		Precision, and Specificity, as well as ROC curve, can provide false results when the true negative cases dominate. 
		F1-score, Intersection over Union and the Matthews correlation coefficient were reliable in all experiments. 
		Medians and interquartile ranges (IQR) of the repeated sampling from the testing dataset showed that IQR were 
		small when a model was almost perfect or completely unacceptable; thus, IQR reflected the model stability, 
		reproducibility. We found that there were no general, statistically justified relationship with the median and IQR, 
		furthermore, correlations of accuracy metrics varied by experiments, too. Accordingly, a multi-metric evaluation 
		is suggested instead of a single metric.},
	keywords = {REPETITION; Python; model evaluation; Model stability},
	year = {2024},
	eissn = {1872-9681},
	orcid-numbers = {Szabó, Szilárd/0000-0002-2670-7384; Szatmári, Gábor/0000-0003-3201-598X}
}

@article{MTMT:34238026,
	title = {Complex study of air pollution based on tree species in Vienna},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34238026},
	author = {Bibi, Dina and Tőzsér, Dávid and Sipos , Bianka and Abriha-Molnár, Vanda Éva and Simon, Edina and Tóthmérész, Béla},
	doi = {10.1007/s11869-023-01452-8},
	journal-iso = {AIR QUAL ATMOS HLTH},
	journal = {AIR QUALITY ATMOSPHERE AND HEALTH},
	volume = {17},
	unique-id = {34238026},
	issn = {1873-9318},
	abstract = {Plants are especially useful as biological indicators to assess air pollution and the effects of urbanisation. The aim of this study was to investigate tree species’ sensitivity to air pollution using the Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI), the dust content (PM 10 ) of leaves, and the heavy metal concentration of leaves. Sampling sites were in a city park (urban area), a location on the edge of the city (suburban area), and a forested location (rural area) along an urbanisation gradient in the city of Vienna in Austria. Leaf samples were collected from Acer platanoides , Fraxinus excelsior , and Quercus robur tree species. The APTI was determined by measuring the content of relative water ascorbic acid and chlorophyll, and the pH of leaf extracts. We found significant difference among species in their relative water content, pH, and content of ascorbic acid and chlorophyll Additionally, we found significant differences in chlorophyll content and pH based on sampling site. The highest chlorophyll content was found in A. platanoides . There was a significant difference among species in Al, Ba, Cr, Ni, and Zn concentrations in each stage of urbanisation. Based on APTI values, the studied species were sensitive indicators of air pollution; thus, they are useful bioindicator species, and they are suitable for air pollution monitoring. We demonstrated the effects of urbanisation with these bioindicator species with elevated PM 10 , Al, Ba, Cu, Fe, Sr, and Zn concentrations in urban area samples.},
	year = {2024},
	eissn = {1873-9326},
	pages = {417-424}
}

@misc{MTMT:34011378,
	title = {Assessment of environmental impacts based on particulate matter, and chlorophyll content of urban trees},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/34011378},
	author = {Abriha-Molnár, Vanda Éva and Szabó, Szilárd and Magura, Tibor and Tóthmérész, Béla and Abriha, Dávid and Sipos , Bianka and Simon, Edina},
	unique-id = {34011378},
	year = {2023},
	orcid-numbers = {Szabó, Szilárd/0000-0002-2670-7384}
}

@inproceedings{MTMT:32640249,
	title = {Classification of tree species and estimation of Leaf Area Index based on satellite imagery},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/32640249},
	author = {Abriha-Molnár, Vanda Éva and Simon, Edina and Szabó, Szilárd},
	booktitle = {Az elmélet és a gyakorlat találkozása a térinformatikában XII.: Theory meets practice in GIS},
	unique-id = {32640249},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {215-218},
	orcid-numbers = {Szabó, Szilárd/0000-0002-2670-7384}
}

@inproceedings{MTMT:32640237,
	title = {Species level classification using images from WorldView–2 and WorldView–3 satellites, in a study area in Debrecen},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/32640237},
	author = {Abriha-Molnár, Vanda Éva and Szabó, Szilárd and Simon, Edina},
	booktitle = {Az elmélet és a gyakorlat találkozása a térinformatikában XII.: Theory meets practice in GIS},
	unique-id = {32640237},
	year = {2021},
	pages = {211-214},
	orcid-numbers = {Szabó, Szilárd/0000-0002-2670-7384}
}

@article{MTMT:32588712,
	title = {Usefulness of Tree Species as Urban Health Indicators},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/32588712},
	author = {Simon, Edina and Abriha-Molnár, Vanda Éva and Lajtos, Domonkos and Bibi, Dina and Tóthmérész, Béla and Szabó, Szilárd},
	doi = {10.3390/plants10122797},
	journal-iso = {PLANTS-BASEL},
	journal = {PLANTS-BASEL},
	volume = {10},
	unique-id = {32588712},
	abstract = {We used the Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI), the amount of PM5 and PM10, and the elemental analysis of leaves to explore the sensitivity of tree species to air pollution. We assessed the tolerance of Robinia pseudoacacia, Acer saccharinum, Tilia x europaea, Acer platanoides, Fraxinus excelsior, Betula pendula, Celtis occidentalis, and Platanus x acerifolia to the amount of dust, APTI, and the elemental concentration of leaves. Leaves were collected in Debrecen (Hungary), which has a high intensity of vehicular traffic. The highest amount of PM (both PM10 and PM5) was found on the leaves of A. saccharinum and B. pendula. Our results demonstrated that A. saccharinum was moderately tolerant, while P. acerifolia was intermediate, based on the APTI value. There was a significant difference in the parameters of APTI and the elemental concentration of leaves among species. We found that tree leaves are reliable bioindicators of air pollution in urban areas. Based on the value of APTI, A. saccharinum and P. acerifolia, and based on PM, A. saccharinum and B. pendula are recommended as pollutant-accumulator species, while other studied species with lower APTI values are useful bioindicators of air pollution. The results support landscape engineers and urban developers in finding the best tree species that are tolerant to pollution and in using those as proxies of urban environmental health.},
	year = {2021},
	eissn = {2223-7747},
	orcid-numbers = {Szabó, Szilárd/0000-0002-2670-7384}
}

@book{MTMT:32491691,
	title = {Az elmélet és a gyakorlat találkozása a térinformatikában XII.: Theory meets practice in GIS},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/32491691},
	isbn = {9789633189771},
	editor = {Abriha-Molnár, Vanda Éva},
	publisher = {Debreceni Egyetemi Kiadó},
	unique-id = {32491691},
	year = {2021}
}

@article{MTMT:31787272,
	title = {Species-level classification of urban trees from WorldView-2 imagery in Debrecen, Hungary: an effective tool for planning a comprehensive green network to reduce dust pollution},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/31787272},
	author = {Abriha-Molnár, Vanda Éva and Simon, Edina and Szabó, Szilárd},
	doi = {10.48088/ejg.v.mol.11.1.33.46},
	journal-iso = {EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHY},
	journal = {EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHY},
	volume = {11},
	unique-id = {31787272},
	issn = {1792-1341},
	abstract = {Urban green spaces of cities are crucial elements of city structure that ensure
		habitat for species and ecological functionality of habitat patches, maintain
		biodiversity, and provide environmental services. However, detailed maps
		intended for planning and improving the existing network require a quick and
		effective technique for assessing the possibilities. Multispectral imagery is an
		accessible source for species-level classification of urban trees. Using a
		multispectral image from the WorldView–2 satellite sensor, we classified six of the
		most common urban tree species in Debrecen, Hungary. Maximum Likelihood (ML)
		and Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifiers were applied to different numbers of
		the MNF-transformed bands. The best overall accuracy was achieved with the ML
		algorithm applied to the first four transformed bands (75.1%), and with the SVM
		algorithm applied to eight bands (71.0%). In general, ML performed better than
		SVM. Despite the relatively low number of spectral bands, we achieved
		moderately good accuracy for basic vegetation mapping, which can be used in
		spatial planning and decision making. In a future interdisciplinary research study,
		we could merge the classification results with the dust adsorption capacity of
		individual species to assess the reduction of dust pollution by urban trees.},
	year = {2020},
	pages = {33-46},
	orcid-numbers = {Szabó, Szilárd/0000-0002-2670-7384}
}

@article{MTMT:31750283,
	title = {Use of Leaves as Bioindicator to Assess Air Pollution Based on Composite Proxy Measure (APTI), Dust Amount and Elemental Concentration of Metals},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/31750283},
	author = {Abriha-Molnár, Vanda Éva and Tőzsér, Dávid and Szabó, Szilárd and Tóthmérész, Béla and Simon, Edina},
	doi = {10.3390/plants9121743},
	journal-iso = {PLANTS-BASEL},
	journal = {PLANTS-BASEL},
	volume = {9},
	unique-id = {31750283},
	abstract = {Monitoring air pollution and environmental health are crucial to ensure viable cities. We assessed the usefulness of the Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) as a composite index of environmental health. Fine and coarse dust amount and elemental concentrations of Celtis occidentalis and Tilia × europaea leaves were measured in June and September at three sampling sites (urban, industrial, and rural) in Debrecen city (Hungary) to assess the usefulness of APTI. The correlation between APTI values and dust amount and elemental concentrations was also studied. Fine dust, total chlorophyll, and elemental concentrations were the most sensitive indicators of pollution. Based on the high chlorophyll and low elemental concentration of tree leaves, the rural site was the least disturbed by anthropogenic activities, as expected. We demonstrated that fine and coarse dust amount and elemental concentrations of urban tree leaves are especially useful for urban air quality monitoring. Correlations between APTI and other measured parameters were also found. Both C. occidentalis and T. europaea were sensitive to air pollution based on their APTI values. Thus, the APTI of tree leaves is an especially useful proxy measure of air pollution, as well as environmental health.},
	year = {2020},
	eissn = {2223-7747},
	orcid-numbers = {Szabó, Szilárd/0000-0002-2670-7384}
}

@book{MTMT:31676150,
	title = {Az elmélet és a gyakorlat találkozása a térinformatikában XI.: Theory meets practice in GIS},
	url = {https://m2.mtmt.hu/api/publication/31676150},
	isbn = {9789633188866},
	editor = {Abriha-Molnár, Vanda Éva},
	publisher = {Debreceni Egyetemi Kiadó},
	unique-id = {31676150},
	year = {2020}
}