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      <comment>Export Date: 03 June 2026; Cited By: 0; Correspondence Address: N. Frank; Pécsi Tudományegyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar, Alapellátási Intézet, Hospice-Palliatív Tanszék, Pécs, Rákóczi út 2., Hungary; email: drfranknora@gmail.com; CODEN: ORHEA</comment>
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      <firstAuthor>Fülöp, Balázs Dániel</firstAuthor>
      <title>A daganatos betegek bázis-és áttöréses fájdalmaira felírt erős opioid gyógyszerek hazai forgalmi adatainak elemzése</title>
      <altTitles>Analysis of pharmaceutical utilization data of strong opioids prescribed for baseline and breakthrough cancer pain in Hungary</altTitles>
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      <abstractText>Bevezetés: Hazánkban a tumoros betegek számára felírt erős opioidok mennyisége elmarad a nyugati országok átlagá-
tól, ami hozzájárulhat a betegek elégtelen fájdalomcsillapításához. A WHO irányelve elsődlegesen választandó gyógy-
szerekként a per os készítményeket ajánlja, ennek ellenére döntő többségében a betegek fentaniltartalmú tapaszt
kapnak.
Célkitűzés: A tumoros betegek számára bázis- és áttöréses fájdalom csillapítására felírt erős opioidok magyarországi
gyógyszerforgalmi adatainak (2010–2024), valamint a felhasznált gyógyszerek területi megoszlásának (2024) vizsgá-
lata.
Módszer: A tumoros betegek számára felírt erős opioidok országos és megyénkénti forgalmi adatainak elemzését vé-
geztük, az eredményeket orális morfinekvivalens dózisban megadva hasonlítottuk össze.
Eredmények: 2010 és 2024 között az összes erős opioid mennyisége mintegy kétharmadára csökkent. A bázisszerek
közül csökkent a fentanil-, buprenorfintapasz, retard morfin-, hidromorfon-tabletta, nőtt a retard oxikodontabletta
felhasználása. Az áttöréses fájdalomra használt gyógyszerek közül csökkent a morfininjekció és -csepp, növekedett a
gyors hatású morfin- és oxikodontabletta mennyisége. A 2024-es évben a fentaniltapasz 79,4%-ot, a retard oxikodon
16,7%-ot, a retard morfin 2,7%-ot, az áttöréses fájdalomra írt gyógyszerek 1,25%-ot tettek ki. Regionálisan a fentanil-
tapasz egyenletes megoszlása látszott, ettől Baranya megye és Budapest tér el, ahol más gyógyszerek is nagyobb
mennyiségben kerülnek felírásra. A retard morfin és oxikodon felhasználása igen nagy variabilitást mutatott, az áttö-
réses fájdalomra használt gyógyszerek felírása jórészt Baranyában történt.
Megbeszélés: Az erős opioidok felhasználása az elmúlt 15 évben csökkent. A legnagyobb mennyiségben fentaniltapaszt
írnak fel, az áttöréses fájdalom nagy prevalenciája ellenére gyors hatású gyógyszereket kis mennyiségben használnak.
A megfelelő fájdalomcsillapítás akadályai részben az egészségügyi ellátók ismerethiányából származhatnak, az erős
opioidok felírása sokszor nem a szakmai irányelveknek megfelelően, hanem a helyi szokások alapján történik. Azokon
a területeken, ahol jól szervezett palliatív ellátás működik, a felírási gyakorlat jobban közelít a WHO-irányelvek által
előírtakhoz.
Következtetés: A tumoros betegek fájdalomkontrollját javítaná integrált palliatív rendszerek kialakítása, az egészség-
ügyi személyzet palliatív irányú képzése és a gyógyszerek folyamatos elérhetőségének biztosítása.
Orv Hetil. 2026; 167(11): 419–429. | Introduction: In Hungary, the amount of strong opioids prescribed for cancer patients remains below that of Western
countries, potentially leading to inadequate pain control. Although the World Health Organization recommends per
os medication as first-line treatment, most patients receive transdermal fentanyl patches.
Objective: To analyze pharmaceutical utilization data of strong opioids prescribed for baseline and breakthrough
cancer pain (2010–2024), and to examine regional prescribing patterns (2024).
Method: Strong opioid dispensing data for cancer patients were analyzed at both national and county levels. Drug
utilization was compared using oral morphine equivalent doses.
Results: Between 2010 and 2024, total strong opioid utilization decreased to approximately two-thirds of its initial
level. For baseline pain management, the use of transdermal fentanyl, transdermal buprenorphine, retard morphine
tablets and hydromorphone tablets declined, while retard oxycodone tablet use increased. For breakthrough pain, morphine injections and oral morphine solution declined, whereas immediate-release morphine and oxycodone tab-
let use increased. In 2024, transdermal fentanyl accounted for 79.4% of total opioid use, prolonged-release oxyco-
done tablets for 16.7%, prolonged-release morphine tablets for 2.7%, and breakthrough pain medications for 1.25%.
Regionally, transdermal fentanyl use was rather uniform, with lower proportions in Baranya County and Budapest.
Prolonged-release morphine and oxycodone use showed marked regional variability, while breakthrough pain pre-
scriptions were predominant in Baranya County.
Discussion: Strong opioid utilization for cancer pain has declined over the past 15 years with fentanyl patches remain-
ing dominant. Despite the high prevalence of breakthrough cancer pain, immediate-release opioids are minimally
used. Barriers include insufficient knowledge among healthcare professionals, resulting in prescribing practices driven
by local habits rather than clinical guidelines; closer adherence to guidelines is observed in regions with well-organ-
ized palliative care services.
Conclusion: Improved integration of palliative care services, targeted education of healthcare professionals, continu-
ous drug availability and simplified prescribing procedures may enhance cancer pain management.</abstractText>
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&lt;div class=&quot;lastModified&quot;&gt;Utolsó módosítás: 2026.06.03. 03:48 Milánkovics Róbert (PTE ÁOK admin 4)
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	&lt;pre class=&quot;comment&quot; style=&quot;margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;Megjegyzés&lt;/u&gt;: Export Date: 03 June 2026; Cited By: 0; Correspondence Address: N. Frank; Pécsi Tudományegyetem, Általános Orvostudományi Kar, Alapellátási Intézet, Hospice-Palliatív Tanszék, Pécs, Rákóczi út 2., Hungary; email: drfranknora@gmail.com; CODEN: ORHEA&lt;/pre&gt;

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