https://m2.mtmt.hu/ hun 2026-04-30 10:05 JournalArticle 36680612 ADMIN_APPROVED true Published online: 14 December 2025 Funding Agency and Grant Number: OTKA K 146236, OTKA K 138472 and OTKA K 142517 [TKP2021-NVA, TKP-6-6/PALY-2021, 2022-2.1.1-NL-2022-00012] Funding text: This work was supported by Nemzeti Kutatasi, Fejlesztesi es Innovacios Alap, OTKA K 146236, OTKA K 138472 and OTKA K 142517, TKP2021-NVA, TKP-6-6/PALY-2021, 2022-2.1.1-NL-2022-00012, Doctoral Excellence Fellowship Programme (DCEP). 0 false 2026-04-26T08:43:28.507+0000 2026-03-23T15:54:52.834+0000 2025-12-28T17:38:09.976+0000 true 521 Szuper Admin /api/admin/521 Admin true 2026-03-23T15:54:48.316+0000 2026-03-23T15:54:48.316+0000 2026-03-23T15:54:53.004+0000 true 10072271 Andódy Katalin /api/admin/10072271 Admin true true false true 24 24 /api/publicationtype/24 PublicationType 1 true 24 JournalArticle true 10000059 Article true 24 24 /api/publicationtype/24 PublicationType 1 true 24 JournalArticle /api/subtype/10000059 Szakcikk SubType 101 true 10000059 true 1 /api/category/1 Category true 1 Csvila, Peter Zinc Oxide and Expandable Graphite-Based Flame Retardant Coatings of Unsaturated Polyester Resin for Composite Applications true true /api/journal/10007137 REVIEWED true false 10007137 false 10007137 true 1083-5601 1548-0585 Journal FOREIGN 32 2 499 513 499 15 2026 Halogen-free multifunctional composite coatings modified with zinc oxide (ZnO) and expandable graphite (EG) on glass fiber–reinforced unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) composites, developed for applications in electronics and other areas where local heat loads and mechanical stress can affect the composite surface, were investigated. The primary objective of the coatings was to provide mechanical protection and enhanced flame retardancy without the use of halogen-based flame retardants. The combined use of ZnO and EG reduced the maximum average rate of heat emission by 64% compared to the reference (465 kW/m2). Furthermore, the effective heat of combustion was reduced from 3156 to 41 MJ/kg with the combined use of the flame retardants. In glow wire flammability index tests, the ignition temperature increased by 310°C compared to the uncoated composite. When ZnO and EG were used together, a stable, intumescent char layer formed that effectively protected the substrate under local heat stress. The additives did not influence the adhesion of the coatings, while the combined ZnO–EG system demonstrated higher toughness and better crack dispersion under bending loads, maintaining coating integrity even after local deformation. These results indicate that halogen-free ZnO–EG coatings can provide both flame retardancy and mechanical robustness, making them promising for structural and electrical composite components exposed to heat and mechanical stress. 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<span class="author-name" mtid="10076686"><a href="/gui2/?type=authors&mode=browse&sel=10076686" target="_blank">Kovacs Zsofia (<span class="authorship-author-name">Kovács Zsófia</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> polimertechnika</span>) </a> </span> <span class="author-affil"><span title="Budapesti Műszaki és Gazdaságtudományi Egyetem">BME</span>/<span title="Gépészmérnöki Kar">GPK</span>/Polimertechnika Tanszék; <span title="Budapesti Műszaki és Gazdaságtudományi Egyetem">BME</span>/<span title="Gépészmérnöki Kar">GPK</span>/<span title="Polimertechnika Tanszék">PT</span>/MTA-BME Lendület Fenntartható Polimerek Kutatócsoport</span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" mtid="10001106"><a href="/gui2/?type=authors&mode=browse&sel=10001106" target="_blank">Toldy Andrea (<span class="authorship-author-name">Toldy Andrea</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> Polimer mátrixú kompozitok, égésgátlás</span>) </a> </span> <span class="author-affil"><span title="Budapesti Műszaki és Gazdaságtudományi Egyetem">BME</span>/<span title="Gépészmérnöki Kar">GPK</span>/Polimertechnika Tanszék; <span title="Budapesti Műszaki és Gazdaságtudományi Egyetem">BME</span>/<span title="Gépészmérnöki Kar">GPK</span>/<span title="Polimertechnika Tanszék">PT</span>/MTA-BME Lendület Fenntartható Polimerek Kutatócsoport</span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" mtid="10001225"><a href="/gui2/?type=authors&mode=browse&sel=10001225" target="_blank">Czigany Tibor ✉ (<span class="authorship-author-name">Czigány Tibor</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> Gépészet, polimer szerkezeti anyagok, anyagvizs...</span>) </a> </span> <span class="author-affil"><span title="Budapesti Műszaki és Gazdaságtudományi Egyetem">BME</span>/<span title="Gépészmérnöki Kar">GPK</span>/Polimertechnika Tanszék; <span title="Budapesti Műszaki és Gazdaságtudományi Egyetem">BME</span>/<span title="Gépészmérnöki Kar">GPK</span>/<span title="Polimertechnika Tanszék">PT</span>/HUN-REN-BME Kompozittechnológiai Kutatócsoport</span> </div> </div> <div class="title"><a href="/gui2/?mode=browse&params=publication;36680612" target="_blank">Zinc Oxide and Expandable Graphite-Based Flame Retardant Coatings of Unsaturated Polyester Resin for Composite Applications</a></div> <div> <span class="journal-title">JOURNAL OF VINYL AND ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGY</span> <span class="journal-issn">(<a target="_blank" href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/1083-5601">1083-5601</a> <a target="_blank" href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/1548-0585">1548-0585</a>)</span>: <span class="journal-volume">32</span> <span class="journal-issue">2</span> <span class="page"> pp 499-513 </span> <span class="year">(2026)</span> </div> <div class="pub-footer"> <span class="language" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/html">Nyelv: Angol | </span> <span class="identifiers"> <span class="id identifier oa_none" title="none"> <a style="color:blue" title="10.1002/vnl.70055" target="_blank" href="https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.70055"> DOI </a> </span> <span class="id identifier oa_none" title="none"> <a style="color:blue" title="001637554800001" target="_blank" href="https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/001637554800001"> WoS </a> </span> <span class="id identifier oa_EMBARGO_RESTRICTED" title=" Embargós korlátozott "> <a style="color:black" title="235482" target="_blank" href="http://real.mtak.hu/235482"> REAL </a> </span> <span class="id identifier oa_none" title="none"> <a style="color:black" title="105024819470" target="_blank" href="http://www.scopus.com/record/display.url?origin=inward&eid=2-s2.0-105024819470"> Scopus </a> </span> <span class="id identifier oa_none" title="none"> <a style="color:black" title="https://phd.gpk.bme.hu/pub/s/j/l9/t3?32049847" target="_blank" href="https://phd.gpk.bme.hu/pub/s/j/l9/t3?32049847"> Egyéb URL </a> </span> <span class="id identifier oa_none" title="none"> <a style="color:blue" title="https://4spepublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/vnl.70055" target="_blank" href="https://4spepublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/vnl.70055"> Egyéb URL </a> </span> </span> <OnlyViewableByAuthor><div class="ratings"> <div class="journal-subject">Folyóirat szakterülete: Scopus - Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SJR indikátor:&nbsp;Q2</div> <div class="journal-subject">Folyóirat szakterülete: Scopus - Chemistry (miscellaneous)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SJR indikátor:&nbsp;Q2</div> <div class="journal-subject">Folyóirat szakterülete: Scopus - Marketing&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SJR indikátor:&nbsp;Q2</div> <div class="journal-subject">Folyóirat szakterülete: Scopus - Materials Chemistry&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SJR indikátor:&nbsp;Q2</div> <div class="journal-subject">Folyóirat szakterülete: Scopus - Polymers and Plastics&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;SJR indikátor:&nbsp;Q2</div> <div class="journal-subject">Gazdaságtudományi Doktori Minősítő Bizottság IXGJO GMB [1901-]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;C nemzetközi</div> </div></OnlyViewableByAuthor> <div class="publication-citation" style="margin-left: 0.5cm;"> <span title="Nyilvános idézőközlemények összesen, említések nélkül" class="citingPub-count">Nyilvános idéző összesen: 1</span> | Független: 1 | Függő: 0 | Nem jelölt: 0 | WoS jelölt: 1 | Scopus jelölt:&nbsp;1 | WoS/Scopus jelölt:&nbsp;1 | DOI jelölt:&nbsp;1 </div> <div class="publication-citation"> <a target="_blank" href="/api/publication?cond=citations.related;eq;36680612&sort=publishedYear,desc&sort=title"> Idézett közlemények száma: 4 </a> </div> <div class="mtid"><span class="long-pub-mtid">Közlemény: 36680612</span> | <span class="status-data status-ADMIN_APPROVED"> Admin láttamozott </span> Forrás Idéző | <span class="type-subtype">Folyóiratcikk ( Szakcikk ) </span> | <span class="pub-category">Tudományos</span> | <span class="publication-sourceOfData">WoS-XML</span> </div> <div class="funder"> Kooperatív Technológiák Nemzeti Laboratórium (KTNL)(2022-2.1.1-NL-2022-00012) Támogató: NKFIH </div> <div class="lastModified">Utolsó módosítás: 2026.03.23. 16:54 Andódy Katalin (BME admin4) </div> <pre class="comment" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0;"><u>Megjegyzés</u>: Published online: 14 December 2025 Funding Agency and Grant Number: OTKA K 146236, OTKA K 138472 and OTKA K 142517 [TKP2021-NVA, TKP-6-6/PALY-2021, 2022-2.1.1-NL-2022-00012] Funding text: This work was supported by Nemzeti Kutatasi, Fejlesztesi es Innovacios Alap, OTKA K 146236, OTKA K 138472 and OTKA K 142517, TKP2021-NVA, TKP-6-6/PALY-2021, 2022-2.1.1-NL-2022-00012, Doctoral Excel...</pre> </div></div>