Modern constitutionalism emerged at the end of the 18th century in thecontext of the
American and French revolutions. It later took root in othercountries and, by the
end of the 20th century, had gained universalrecognition. Constitutionalism has recently
evolved within democraticpolitical systems; therefore, the concept of constitutionalism
appearsclosely linked to democracy and the rule of law. To understandconstitutional
crises, it is first necessary to clarify the meaning ofconstitutionalism.
