(Open access funding provided by Semmelweis University)
Szakterületek:
Fogászat
PurposeApproximately 19% of the global adult population is affected by periodontal
diseases. Healing is a protracted process that is significantly influenced by the
patient's motivation, proficiency, and cooperation. The prevalence of periodontal
diseases in patients with diabetes mellitus is extremely high, and the relationship
is bidirectional. In previous investigations, metformin (MF), a biguanide antidiabetic
medicine, has demonstrated promising results when administered locally to periodontal
defects. The study aimed to systematically assess available literature that evaluate
the effectiveness of 1% metformin gel in the treatment of periodontal disease. We
attempted to include clinical trials on patients with periodontitis treated with local
administration of 1% metformin gel, compared to a placebo.MethodsUsing identical MeSH
terms, we conducted a systematic search in three databases. Our analysis encompassed
human studies that measured the periodontal pocket depth, the clinical attachment
level, and the depth of the intra-bony defect. Meta-analyses were carried out using
random effects model to compare the mean differences between the study group, which
received 1% MF gel locally in addition to traditional scaling and root planing (SRP),
and the control group, which received a placebo in addition to conventional treatment.ResultsFollowing
the selection procedure, six articles were selected for inclusion in our meta-analysis,
out of the 246 articles identified through the systematic search. After three and
six months of follow-up, meta-analyses revealed statistically significant differences
between the control and study groups. The overall effect for PD was a 1.33 mm reduction
(95% confidence interval (CI): -1.66; -1.01) after three months and 1.87 mm (-2.24;
-1.39) after six months. The overall effect of CAL was 1.80 mm (-2.26; -1.34) after
three months and 2.14 mm (-2.71; -1.58) after six months. The change in IBD after
a six-month follow-up was 1.16 mm (-1.40; -0.92).ConclusionThe application of 1% MF
gel enhances the healing process in periodontal diseases, when employed in conjunction
with conventional therapy.
