Background: Hereditary angioedema (HAE) imposes a significant burden on patients due
to the unpredictability of attacks. Long-term prophylaxis (LTP) aims to prevent these
episodes and improve quality of life. Over the past five decades, LTP options have
evolved from non-specific treatments (fresh frozen plasma, attenuated androgens, antifibrinolytics)
to more targeted therapies (intravenous or subcutaneous C1 inhibitor (C1INH), lanadelumab,
berotralstat). Objective: To assess the use, efficacy, and safety of various LTP therapies
among Hungarian HAE patients. Methods: Data from the Hungarian HAE Registry (1979-2023)
were analysed, including LTP usage, attack rates, side effects, and laboratory parameters.
Results: Danazol and tranexamic acid use increased over the first 30 years but has
declined in the last decade. Conversely, the use of modern LTP therapies and the proportion
of patients relying solely on on-demand medication have significantly increased over
the past decade. Danazol and tranexamic acid reduced attack rates in 60 % of patients
without significant changes in the laboratory parameters at the lowest effective doses.
Furthermore, 100 % of patients on subcutaneous C1INH, lanadelumab, and berotralstat
experienced fewer attacks and improved quality of life compared to pre-treatment periods,
with no serious side effects or significant laboratory abnormalities. Conclusion:
Modern prophylaxis usage is increasing among Hungarian HAE-C1INH patients, following
the global trends. Both modern and traditional LTP options proved safe and effective
in our patient population when used with appropriate monitoring.
