https://m2.mtmt.hu/ eng 2026-04-30 13:03 JournalArticle 36103649 VALIDATED true 0 false 2026-04-27T08:43:17.215+0000 2026-03-11T08:27:32.052+0000 2025-04-23T10:49:08.771+0000 true 10031094 Girán János /api/author/10031094 Author true 10031094 2026-04-13T10:37:16.210+0000 2026-04-13T10:37:16.210+0000 2025-05-12T09:10:53.845+0000 true 10090771 Siposné Sterl Anett /api/admin/10090771 Admin true true false true 24 24 /api/publicationtype/24 PublicationType 1 true 24 JournalArticle true 10000059 Article true 24 24 /api/publicationtype/24 PublicationType 1 true 24 JournalArticle /api/subtype/10000059 Szakcikk SubType 101 true 10000059 true 1 /api/category/1 Category true 1 Lenkovics, László A Method for Estimating Instantaneous Predicted Mean Vote Under Dynamic Conditions by Accounting for Thermal Inertia true true /api/journal/10070582 REVIEWED true false 10070582 false 10070582 true 2075-5309 Journal FOREIGN 15 9 1413 1413 14 2025 Researchers have increasingly focused on thermal comfort, examining both individuals’ thermal sensations and the percentage of people dissatisfied with the thermal environment. Most studies rely on the widely used PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) model and the PPD (Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied) value derived from it, both defined by the ISO 7730:2005 standard. However, previous studies have shown that this standardized method only applies under steady-state conditions, which do not reflect the dynamic nature of everyday environments. As closed-loop control technologies gain prominence in building services, the need to evaluate thermal comfort under time-varying conditions has grown. The standard method does not account for the thermal inertia of the human body, which limits its applicability in such dynamic contexts. In this study, we develop a method to estimate instantaneous thermal sensation under non-stationary conditions by incorporating thermal inertia through signal processing techniques. This approach addresses a well-recognized limitation of the standard PMV–PPD model and provides a way to assess thermal comfort in real time. We collected experimental data using a thermal comfort measurement station, a thermal manikin, and human subjects in a controlled climate chamber. The proposed method enables real-time evaluation of thermal comfort in dynamic environments and offers a foundation for integration into HVAC control and comfort optimization systems. Funding 2053306 /api/funding/2053306 false true true false 2025 true true true false true false GOLD 2026-04-27 true https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15091413 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 D1 false 10061301 false false false 2025-04-23T06:10:10.410+0000 Belsőépítészeti, Alkalmazott és Kreatív Design ... (PTE / MIK / ÉSZI); Hőkomfort Kutatócsoport (PTE / MIK / MSTI); Orvosi Népegészségtani Intézet (PTE / ÁOK); Parametrizált Komfort a Fizikai Terekben kutató... (PTE / MIK / ÉSZI); Villamos Hálózatok Tanszék (PTE / MIK / IVI); Építészeti és Várostervezési Tanszék (PTE / MIK / ÉSZI); Épületgépész- és Létesítménymérnöki Tanszék (PTE / MIK / MSTI) 9 38 7 9 0 true Language 10002 /api/language/10002 Angol English true 2 true PersonAuthorship 126237235 /api/authorship/126237235 1 0.111 true false true Author 10053086 /api/author/10053086 Lenkovics László true 10053086 true Lenkovics László true false false AuthorshipType 1 /api/authorshiptype/1 0 true 0 true false true PersonAuthorship 126237236 /api/authorship/126237236 2 0.111 false false false Author 10022845 /api/author/10022845 Budulski László true 10022845 true Budulski László true false false AuthorshipType 1 /api/authorshiptype/1 0 true 0 true false true PersonAuthorship 126237237 /api/authorship/126237237 3 0.111 false false false Author 10081050 /api/author/10081050 Loch Gábor true true Loch Gábor true false false AuthorshipType 1 /api/authorshiptype/1 0 true 0 true false true PersonAuthorship 126237238 /api/authorship/126237238 4 0.111 false false false Author 10080221 /api/author/10080221 Grozdics Anett Tímea true true Grozdics Anett Tímea true false false AuthorshipType 1 /api/authorshiptype/1 0 true 0 true false true PersonAuthorship 126237239 /api/authorship/126237239 5 0.111 false false false Author 10016116 /api/author/10016116 Borsos Ágnes true 10016116 true Borsos Ágnes true false false AuthorshipType 1 /api/authorshiptype/1 0 true 0 true false true PersonAuthorship 126237240 /api/authorship/126237240 6 0.111 false false false Author 10050913 /api/author/10050913 Kisander Zsolt true 10050913 true Kisander Zsolt true false false AuthorshipType 1 /api/authorshiptype/1 0 true 0 true false true PersonAuthorship 126237241 /api/authorship/126237241 7 0.111 false false false Author 10031094 /api/author/10031094 Girán János true 10031094 true Girán János true false false AuthorshipType 1 /api/authorshiptype/1 0 true 0 true false true PersonAuthorship 126237242 /api/authorship/126237242 8 0.111 false false false Author 10016123 /api/author/10016123 Eördöghné Miklós Mária true 10016123 true Eördöghné Miklós Mária true false false AuthorshipType 1 /api/authorshiptype/1 0 true 0 true false true PersonAuthorship 126237243 /api/authorship/126237243 9 0.111 false true false Author 10061301 /api/author/10061301 Cakó Balázs true 10061301 true Cakó Balázs true false false AuthorshipType 1 /api/authorshiptype/1 0 true 0 true false true PublicationIdentifier 29267736 /api/publicationidentifier/29267736 PlainSource 6 /api/publicationsource/6 PublicationSourceType 10001 /api/publicationsourcetype/10001 true true true DOI DOI https://doi.org/@@@ true true 6 true GOLD true IDENTICAL 10.3390/buildings15091413 https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15091413 false true PublicationIdentifier 29400411 /api/publicationidentifier/29400411 PlainSource 1 /api/publicationsource/1 PublicationSourceType 10003 /api/publicationsourcetype/10003 false true true WoS WoS https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/@@@ true true 1 true IDENTICAL 001486494200001 https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/001486494200001 true true PublicationIdentifier 29400409 /api/publicationidentifier/29400409 PlainSource 3 /api/publicationsource/3 PublicationSourceType 10003 /api/publicationsourcetype/10003 false true true Scopus Scopus http://www.scopus.com/record/display.url?origin=inward&eid=2-s2.0-@@@ true true 3 true IDENTICAL 105004847000 http://www.scopus.com/record/display.url?origin=inward&eid=2-s2.0-105004847000 true true PublicationIdentifier 29602953 /api/publicationidentifier/29602953 PlainSource 40 /api/publicationsource/40 PublicationSourceType 10006 /api/publicationsourcetype/10006 true true true Egyéb URL Other URL @@@ true true 40 true IDENTICAL https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/9/1413 https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/9/1413 false true SjrRating 11557758 /api/sjrrating/11557758 13 0.1 journal RatingType 10002 /api/ratingtype/10002 sjr true true ClassificationExternal 2216 /api/classificationexternal/2216 true 2216 true D1 DIRECT true true /api/publication/36103649 <div class="JournalArticle Publication long-list"> <div class="authors"> <img title="Forrásközlemény" style="float: left" src="/frontend/resources/grid/publication-core-icon.png"> <img title="Idézőközlemény" style="float: left" src="/frontend/resources/grid/publication-citation-icon.png"> <div class="autype autype0"> <span class="author-name" mtid="10053086"><a href="/gui2/?type=authors&mode=browse&sel=10053086" target="_blank">Lenkovics László ✉ (<span class="authorship-author-name">Lenkovics László</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> Épületgépészet</span>) </a> </span> <span class="author-affil"><span title="University of Pécs">UP</span>/<span title="Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology">FEIT</span>/<span title="Institute of Smart Technology and Engineering">ISTE</span>/Thermal Comfort Research Team; <span title="University of Pécs">UP</span>/<span title="Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology">FEIT</span>/<span title="Institute of Smart Technology and Engineering">ISTE</span>/Department of Building Services and Building Engineering</span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" mtid="10022845"><a href="/gui2/?type=authors&mode=browse&sel=10022845" target="_blank">Budulski László (<span class="authorship-author-name">Budulski László</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> épületgépészet</span>) </a> </span> <span class="author-affil"><span title="University of Pécs">UP</span>/<span title="Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology">FEIT</span>/<span title="Institute of Smart Technology and Engineering">ISTE</span>/Thermal Comfort Research Team; <span title="University of Pécs">UP</span>/<span title="Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology">FEIT</span>/<span title="Institute of Smart Technology and Engineering">ISTE</span>/Department of Building Services and Building Engineering</span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" mtid="10081050"><a href="/gui2/?type=authors&mode=browse&sel=10081050" target="_blank">Loch Gábor (<span class="authorship-author-name">Loch Gábor</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> Épületgépészet</span>) </a> </span> <span class="author-affil"><span title="University of Pécs">UP</span>/<span title="Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology">FEIT</span>/<span title="Institute of Smart Technology and Engineering">ISTE</span>/Thermal Comfort Research Team; <span title="University of Pécs">UP</span>/<span title="Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology">FEIT</span>/<span title="Institute of Smart Technology and Engineering">ISTE</span>/Department of Building Services and Building Engineering</span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" mtid="10080221"><a href="/gui2/?type=authors&mode=browse&sel=10080221" target="_blank">Grozdics Anett Tímea (<span class="authorship-author-name">Grozdics Anett Tímea</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> közgazdaság</span>) </a> </span> <span class="author-affil"><span title="University of Pécs">UP</span>/<span title="Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology">FEIT</span>/<span title="Institute of Architecture">IA</span>/Parameterized Comfort in Physical Spaces Research Team; <span title="University of Pécs">UP</span>/<span title="Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology">FEIT</span>/<span title="Institute of Architecture">IA</span>/Department of Architecture and Urban Planning</span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" mtid="10016116"><a href="/gui2/?type=authors&mode=browse&sel=10016116" target="_blank">Borsos Ágnes (<span class="authorship-author-name">Borsos Ágnes</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> építőművészet</span>) </a> </span> <span class="author-affil"><span title="University of Pécs">UP</span>/<span title="Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology">FEIT</span>/<span title="Institute of Architecture">IA</span>/Parameterized Comfort in Physical Spaces Research Team; <span title="University of Pécs">UP</span>/<span title="Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology">FEIT</span>/<span title="Institute of Architecture">IA</span>/Department of Interior, Applied and Creative Design</span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" mtid="10050913"><a href="/gui2/?type=authors&mode=browse&sel=10050913" target="_blank">Kisander Zsolt (<span class="authorship-author-name">Kisander Zsolt</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> Mesterséges intelligencia</span>) </a> </span> <span class="author-affil"><span title="University of Pécs">UP</span>/<span title="Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology">FEIT</span>/<span title="Institute of Architecture">IA</span>/Parameterized Comfort in Physical Spaces Research Team; <span title="University of Pécs">UP</span>/<span title="Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology">FEIT</span>/<span title="Institute of Information and Electrical Technology">IIET</span>/Department of Electrical Networks</span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" mtid="10031094"><a href="/gui2/?type=authors&mode=browse&sel=10031094" target="_blank">Girán János (<span class="authorship-author-name">Girán János</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> Egészségtudomány</span>) </a> </span> <span class="author-affil"><span title="University of Pécs">UP</span>/<span title="Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology">FEIT</span>/<span title="Institute of Architecture">IA</span>/Parameterized Comfort in Physical Spaces Research Team; <span title="University of Pécs">UP</span>/<span title="Medical School">UPMS</span>/Department of Public Health Medicine</span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" mtid="10016123"><a href="/gui2/?type=authors&mode=browse&sel=10016123" target="_blank">Eördöghné Miklós Mária (<span class="authorship-author-name">Eördöghné Miklós Mária</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> Building Engineering</span>) </a> </span> <span class="author-affil"><span title="University of Pécs">UP</span>/<span title="Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology">FEIT</span>/<span title="Institute of Smart Technology and Engineering">ISTE</span>/Thermal Comfort Research Team; <span title="University of Pécs">UP</span>/<span title="Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology">FEIT</span>/<span title="Institute of Smart Technology and Engineering">ISTE</span>/Department of Building Services and Building Engineering</span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" mtid="10061301"><a href="/gui2/?type=authors&mode=browse&sel=10061301" target="_blank">Cakó Balázs (<span class="authorship-author-name">Cakó Balázs</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> Épületgépészet</span>) </a> </span> <span class="author-affil"><span title="University of Pécs">UP</span>/<span title="Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology">FEIT</span>/<span title="Institute of Smart Technology and Engineering">ISTE</span>/Department of Building Services and Building Engineering; <span title="University of Pécs">UP</span>/<span title="Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology">FEIT</span>/<span title="Institute of Smart Technology and Engineering">ISTE</span>/Thermal Comfort Research Team; <span title="University of Pécs">UP</span>/<span title="Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology">FEIT</span>/<span title="Institute of Architecture">IA</span>/Parameterized Comfort in Physical Spaces Research Team</span> </div> </div> <div class="title"><a href="/gui2/?mode=browse&params=publication;36103649" target="_blank">A Method for Estimating Instantaneous Predicted Mean Vote Under Dynamic Conditions by Accounting for Thermal Inertia</a></div> <div> <span class="journal-title">BUILDINGS</span> <span class="journal-issn">( <a target="_blank" href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/2075-5309">2075-5309</a>)</span>: <span class="journal-volume">15</span> <span class="journal-issue">9</span> <span class="page"> Paper 1413. 14 p. </span> <span class="year">(2025)</span> </div> <div class="pub-footer"> <span class="language" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/html">Language: English | </span> <span class="identifiers"> <span class="id identifier oa_GOLD" title=" Gold "> <a style="color:blue" title="10.3390/buildings15091413" target="_blank" href="https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15091413"> DOI </a> </span> <span class="id identifier oa_none" title="none"> <a style="color:blue" title="001486494200001" target="_blank" href="https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/001486494200001"> WoS </a> </span> <span class="id identifier oa_none" title="none"> <a style="color:blue" title="105004847000" target="_blank" href="http://www.scopus.com/record/display.url?origin=inward&eid=2-s2.0-105004847000"> Scopus </a> </span> <span class="id identifier oa_none" title="none"> <a style="color:blue" title="https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/9/1413" target="_blank" href="https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/9/1413"> Other URL </a> </span> </span> <OnlyViewableByAuthor><div class="ratings"> <div class="journal-subject">Journal subject: Scopus - Architecture&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Rank:&nbsp;D1</div> <div class="journal-subject">Journal subject: Scopus - Civil and Structural Engineering&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Rank:&nbsp;Q1</div> <div class="journal-subject">Journal subject: Scopus - Building and Construction&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Rank:&nbsp;Q2</div> </div></OnlyViewableByAuthor> <div class="publication-citation"> <a target="_blank" href="/api/publication?cond=citations.related;eq;36103649&sort=publishedYear,desc&sort=title"> Number of cited publications: 2 </a> </div> <div class="mtid"><span class="long-pub-mtid">Publication: 36103649</span> | <span class="status-data status-VALIDATED"> Validated </span> Core Citing | <span class="type-subtype">Journal Article ( Article ) </span> | <span class="pub-category">Scientific</span> | <span class="publication-sourceOfData">kézi felvitel</span> </div> <div class="funder"> (Open access funding provided by University of Pécs) </div> <div class="lastModified">Last Modified: 2026.03.11. 09:27 Róbert Milánkovics (PTE ÁOK admin 4) </div> </div></div>