https://m2.mtmt.hu/ eng 2026-10-24 02:11 JournalArticle 35830704 VALIDATED true Funding Agency and Grant Number: Hungarian Academy of Sciences [LP2022-5/2022]; European Research Council [ERC-CoG 724994, ERC-StGs 802305]; Hungarian Brain Research Program [NAP2022-I-1/2022]; German Research Foundation under Germany's Excellence Strategy [EXC 2145, FOR 2879, 405358801, TRR 274, 408885537]; Hungarian National Research, Development and Innovation Fund [OTKA K131844, 147109]; Janos Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences; New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Innovation and Technology [UNKP-23-5, UNKP-23-4-I]; Ministry of Culture and Innovation of Hungary from the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund [KDP-12-10/PALY-2022]; Gedeon Richter's Talentum Foundation, National Research, Development and Innovation Office grant, Hungary [NKFIH_SNN_132999]; New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Culture and Innovation from the source of the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund [UNKP-22-3]; National Academy of Scientist Education Program of the National Biomedical Foundation; [PC2022-4/2022] Funding text: We thank the Microscopy Center, the Cell Biology Center and the Human Brain Research Laboratory at the Institute of Experimental Medicine for kindly providing support in microscopy, measurement of inflammatory mediators and human brain samples, respectively. We are also grateful to M. Palkovits for his help in isolating medullary autonomic nuclei. This work was supported by the post-COVID program grant of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (grant no. PC2022-4/2022), the 'Momentum' research grant from the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (grant no. LP2022-5/2022 to & Aacute;.D.), the European Research Council (grant nos. ERC-CoG 724994 to & Aacute;.D. and ERC-StGs 802305 to A.L.), the Hungarian Brain Research Program (grant no. NAP2022-I-1/2022 to & Aacute;.D.) and the German Research Foundation under Germany's Excellence Strategy (EXC 2145 SyNergy-ID), through FOR 2879 (ID 405358801) and TRR 274 (ID 408885537). Support was also received from the Hungarian National Research, Development and Innovation Fund (grant no. OTKA K131844 to S.B.). C.C. was supported by the Janos Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. C.C. (grant no. UNKP-23-5) and B.P. (grant no. UNKP-23-4-I) were supported by the New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Innovation and Technology. Project no. KDP-12-10/PALY-2022 has been implemented with the support provided by the Ministry of Culture and Innovation of Hungary from the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund, financed under the KDP-2021 funding scheme (to A.D.S.). A.D.S. was supported by the Gedeon Richter's Talentum Foundation, National Research, Development and Innovation Office grant, Hungary (grant no. NKFIH_SNN_132999 to T.H.). E.B. (grant no. UNKP-22-3) was supported by the New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Culture and Innovation from the source of the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund. This research work was conducted with the support of the National Academy of Scientist Education Program of the National Biomedical Foundation under the sponsorship of the Hungarian Ministry of Culture and Innovation (S.V.). Support was also received from the Hungarian National Research, Development and Innovation Fund (grant nos. OTKA K131844 and 147109 to S.B.). 0 false 2026-10-23T14:31:43.031+0000 2026-05-04T09:09:42.989+0000 2025-03-09T08:11:21.865+0000 true 10040261 Vigyikánné Váradi Anikó /api/admin/10040261 Admin true 10040261 2026-10-13T10:04:02.783+0000 2026-10-13T10:04:02.783+0000 2025-07-14T11:52:24.851+0000 true 10097128 Sass Dávid /api/admin/10097128 Admin true Admin 10025544 /api/admin/10025544 Lévayné Deseő Katalin true 10025544 true 2026-05-20T07:50:08.400+0000 true false true 24 24 /api/publicationtype/24 PublicationType 1 true 24 JournalArticle true 10000059 Article true 24 24 /api/publicationtype/24 PublicationType 1 true 24 JournalArticle /api/subtype/10000059 Szakcikk SubType 101 true 10000059 true 1 /api/category/1 Category true 1 Fekete, Rebeka Microglia dysfunction, neurovascular inflammation and focal neuropathologies are linked to IL-1- and IL-6-related systemic inflammation in COVID-19 true true /api/journal/19517 REVIEWED true false 19517 false 19517 true 1097-6256 1546-1726 Journal FOREIGN 28 3 558 576 558 19 2025 COVID-19 is associated with diverse neurological abnormalities, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We hypothesized that microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain, are centrally involved in this process. To study this, we developed an autopsy platform allowing the integration of molecular anatomy, protein and mRNA datasets in postmortem mirror blocks of brain and peripheral organ samples from cases of COVID-19. We observed focal loss of microglial P2Y12R, CX3CR1–CX3CL1 axis deficits and metabolic failure at sites of virus-associated vascular inflammation in severely affected medullary autonomic nuclei and other brain areas. Microglial dysfunction is linked to mitochondrial injury at sites of excessive synapse and myelin phagocytosis and loss of glutamatergic terminals, in line with proteomic changes of synapse assembly, metabolism and neuronal injury. Furthermore, regionally heterogeneous microglial changes are associated with viral load and central and systemic inflammation related to interleukin (IL)-1 or IL-6 via virus-sensing pattern recognition receptors and inflammasomes. Thus, SARS-CoV-2-induced inflammation might lead to a primarily gliovascular failure in the brain, which could be a common contributor to diverse COVID-19-related neuropathologies. 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target="_blank">Fekete Rebeka (<span class="authorship-author-name">Fekete Rebeka</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> idegtudomány</span>) </a> </span> <span class="author-affil"><span title="HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine">HUN-REN IEM</span>/Laboratory of Neuroimmunology</span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" >Simats Alba </span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" mtid="10078021"><a href="/gui2/?type=authors&mode=browse&sel=10078021" target="_blank">Bíró Eduárd (<span class="authorship-author-name">Bíró Eduárd</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> immunológia</span>) </a> </span> <span class="author-affil"><span title="University of Debrecen">UD</span>/<span title="Faculty of Medicine">Faculty of Medicine</span>/Department of Physiology</span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" mtid="10061174"><a href="/gui2/?type=authors&mode=browse&sel=10061174" target="_blank">Pósfai Balázs (<span class="authorship-author-name">Pósfai Balázs</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> Idegtudomány</span>) </a> </span> <span class="author-affil"><span title="HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine">HUN-REN IEM</span>/Laboratory of Neuroimmunology</span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" mtid="172"><a href="/gui2/?type=authors&mode=browse&sel=172" target="_blank">Cserép Csaba (<span class="authorship-author-name">Cserép Csaba</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> Idegtudomány, Neurobiológia</span>) </a> </span> <span class="author-affil"><span title="HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine">HUN-REN IEM</span>/Laboratory of Neuroimmunology</span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" mtid="10063826"><a href="/gui2/?type=authors&mode=browse&sel=10063826" target="_blank">Schwarcz Anett D. (<span class="authorship-author-name">Schwarcz Dóra Anett</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> Neuroimmunológia</span>) </a> </span> <span class="author-affil"><span title="HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine">HUN-REN IEM</span>/Laboratory of Neuroimmunology; <span title="Semmelweis University">SU</span>/School of PhD Studies</span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" mtid="173"><a href="/gui2/?type=authors&mode=browse&sel=173" target="_blank">Szabadits Eszter (<span class="authorship-author-name">Cserépné Szabadits Eszter</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> Idegtudomány</span>) </a> </span> <span class="author-affil"><span title="HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine">HUN-REN IEM</span>/Laboratory of Neuroimmunology</span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" mtid="10011503"><a href="/gui2/?type=authors&mode=browse&sel=10011503" target="_blank">Környei Zsuzsanna (<span class="authorship-author-name">Környei Zsuzsanna</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> Neuroimmunológia; Idegi sejt- és fejlődésbiológia</span>) </a> </span> <span class="author-affil"><span title="HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine">HUN-REN IEM</span>/Laboratory of Neuroimmunology</span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" mtid="10064506"><a href="/gui2/?type=authors&mode=browse&sel=10064506" target="_blank">Tóth Krisztina (<span class="authorship-author-name">Tóth Krisztina</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> Idegtudományok</span>) </a> </span> <span class="author-affil"><span title="HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine">HUN-REN IEM</span>/Laboratory of Neuroimmunology</span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" mtid="10061311"><a href="/gui2/?type=authors&mode=browse&sel=10061311" target="_blank">Fichó Erzsébet (<span class="authorship-author-name">Fichó Erzsébet</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> Bioinformatika</span>) </a> </span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" mtid="10091234"><a href="/gui2/?type=authors&mode=browse&sel=10091234" target="_blank">Szalma János (<span class="authorship-author-name">Szalma János</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> informatika tudományág</span>) </a> </span> <span class="author-affil"><span title="Pázmány Péter Catholic University">PPCU</span>/<span title="Információs Technológiai és Bionikai Kar">ITK</span>/Roska Tamás Műszaki és Természettudományi Doktori Iskola</span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" mtid="10104526"><a href="/gui2/?type=authors&mode=browse&sel=10104526" target="_blank">Vida Sára (<span class="authorship-author-name">Vida Sára</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> Neuroimmunológia</span>) </a> </span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" mtid="10085407"><a href="/gui2/?type=authors&mode=browse&sel=10085407" target="_blank">Kellermayer Anna (<span class="authorship-author-name">Kellermayer Anna</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> Neuroimmunológia</span>) </a> </span> <span class="author-affil"><span title="HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine">HUN-REN IEM</span>/Laboratory of Neuroimmunology</span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" mtid="10018448"><a href="/gui2/?type=authors&mode=browse&sel=10018448" target="_blank">Dávid Csaba (<span class="authorship-author-name">Dávid Csaba</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> idegrendszer</span>) </a> </span> <span class="author-affil"><span title="Semmelweis University">SU</span>/<span title="Faculty of Medicine">FM</span>/<span title="Instituties">I</span>/Anatómiai, Szövet- és Fejlődéstani Intézet</span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" mtid="10009548"><a href="/gui2/?type=authors&mode=browse&sel=10009548" target="_blank">Acsády László (<span class="authorship-author-name">Acsády László</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> Neurobiológia</span>) </a> </span> <span class="author-affil"><span title="HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine">HUN-REN IEM</span>/Laboratory of Thalamus Research</span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" mtid="10057362"><a href="/gui2/?type=authors&mode=browse&sel=10057362" target="_blank">Kontra Levente (<span class="authorship-author-name">Kontra Levente</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> Molekuláris biológia</span>) </a> </span> <span class="author-affil">HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine</span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" >Silvestre-Roig Carlos </span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" mtid="10003072"><a href="/gui2/?type=authors&mode=browse&sel=10003072" target="_blank">Moldvay Judit (<span class="authorship-author-name">Moldvay Judit</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> Tüdõgyógyászat</span>) </a> </span> <span class="author-affil"><span title="University of Szeged">SZTE</span>/<span title="Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School">ASZMS</span>/Department of Pulmonology</span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" mtid="10023823"><a href="/gui2/?type=authors&mode=browse&sel=10023823" target="_blank">Fillinger János (<span class="authorship-author-name">Fillinger János</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> patológia</span>) </a> </span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" mtid="10012379"><a href="/gui2/?type=authors&mode=browse&sel=10012379" target="_blank">Csikász-Nagy Attila (<span class="authorship-author-name">Csikász-Nagy Attila</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> Rendszerbiológia</span>) </a> </span> <span class="author-affil"><span title="Pázmány Péter Catholic University">PPCU</span>/Információs Technológiai és Bionikai Kar</span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" mtid="10017334"><a href="/gui2/?type=authors&mode=browse&sel=10017334" target="_blank">Hortobágyi Tibor (<span class="authorship-author-name">Hortobágyi Tibor</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> Neuropathológia</span>) </a> </span> <span class="author-affil"><span title="University of Szeged">SZTE</span>/<span title="Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School">ASZMS</span>/Department of Pathology</span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" >Liesz Arthur </span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" mtid="10020759"><a href="/gui2/?type=authors&mode=browse&sel=10020759" target="_blank">Benkő Szilvia (<span class="authorship-author-name">Benkő Szilvia</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> Immunológia</span>) </a> </span> <span class="author-affil"><span title="University of Debrecen">UD</span>/<span title="Faculty of Medicine">Faculty of Medicine</span>/Department of Physiology</span> ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="author-name" mtid="10012934"><a href="/gui2/?type=authors&mode=browse&sel=10012934" target="_blank">Dénes Ádám ✉ (<span class="authorship-author-name">Dénes Ádám</span> <span class="authorAux-mtmt"> Neurobiológia, neuroimmunológia</span>) </a> </span> <span class="author-affil"><span title="HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine">HUN-REN IEM</span>/Laboratory of Neuroimmunology</span> </div> </div> <div class="title"><a href="/gui2/?mode=browse&params=publication;35830704" target="_blank">Microglia dysfunction, neurovascular inflammation and focal neuropathologies are linked to IL-1- and IL-6-related systemic inflammation in COVID-19</a></div> <div> <span class="journal-title">NATURE NEUROSCIENCE</span> <span class="journal-issn">(<a target="_blank" href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/1097-6256">1097-6256</a> <a target="_blank" href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/1546-1726">1546-1726</a>)</span>: <span class="journal-volume">28</span> <span class="journal-issue">3</span> <span class="page"> pp 558-576 </span> <span class="year">(2025)</span> </div> <div class="pub-footer"> <span class="language" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/html">Language: English | </span> <span class="identifiers"> <span class="id identifier oa_GOLD" title=" Gold "> <a style="color:blue" title="10.1038/s41593-025-01871-z" target="_blank" href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41593-025-01871-z"> DOI </a> </span> <span class="id identifier oa_GOLD" title=" Gold "> <a style="color:black" title="3788" target="_blank" href="https://publikacio.ppke.hu/id/eprint/3788"> PPCE Publications </a> </span> <span class="id identifier oa_none" title="none"> <a style="color:blue" title="001438314000001" target="_blank" href="https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/001438314000001"> WoS </a> </span> <span class="id identifier oa_GOLD" title=" Gold "> <a style="color:black" title="224630" target="_blank" href="https://real.mtak.hu/224630"> REAL </a> </span> <span class="id identifier oa_none" title="none"> <a style="color:blue" title="86000334207" target="_blank" href="http://www.scopus.com/record/display.url?origin=inward&eid=2-s2.0-86000334207"> Scopus </a> </span> <span class="id identifier oa_none" title="none"> <a style="color:blue" title="40050441" target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=40050441&dopt=Abstract"> PubMed </a> </span> <span class="id identifier oa_NONE" title=" None "> <a style="color:blue" title="https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-86000334207&doi=10.1038%2Fs41593-025-01871-z&partnerID=40&md5=826c846545878f373832c91e970a030c" target="_blank" href="https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-86000334207&doi=10.1038%2Fs41593-025-01871-z&partnerID=40&md5=826c846545878f373832c91e970a030c"> Other URL </a> </span> </span> <OnlyViewableByAuthor><div class="ratings"> <div class="journal-subject">Journal subject: Scopus - Neuroscience (miscellaneous)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Rank:&nbsp;D1</div> </div></OnlyViewableByAuthor> <div class="publication-citation" style="margin-left: 0.5cm;"> <span title="" class="citingPub-count">Citing papers: 42</span> | Independent citation: 41 | Self citation: 1 | Unknown citation: 0 | Number of citations in WoS: 42 | Number of citations in Scopus:&nbsp;42 | WoS/Scopus assigned:&nbsp;42 | Number of citations with DOI:&nbsp;41 </div> <div class="publication-citation"> <a target="_blank" href="/api/publication?cond=citations.related;eq;35830704&sort=publishedYear,desc&sort=title"> Number of cited publications: 11 </a> </div> <div class="mtid"><span class="long-pub-mtid">Publication: 35830704</span> | <span class="status-data status-VALIDATED"> Validated </span> Core Citing | <span class="type-subtype">Journal Article ( Article ) </span> | <span class="pub-category">Scientific</span> | <span class="publication-sourceOfData">kézi felvitel</span> </div> <div class="funder"> Bolyai+ Felsőoktatási Fiatal Oktatói, Kutatói Ösztöndíj(ÚNKP-23-5) Funder: Bolyai+, (SNN 132999) Funder: NKFIH, A mintázatfelismerő Nod-like receptorok, mint új, potenciális szabályozók a vázizom regeneráció m...(K131844) Funder: HSRF, (ÚNKP-23-4-I), (ÚNKP-22-3), (K147109), Hungarian Brain Research Program(NAP2022-I-1/2022), (KDP-12-10/PALY-2022) </div> <div class="lastModified">Last Modified: 2026.05.04. 11:09 Sára Vida (Neuroimmunológia) </div> <div class="lockedBy">Centrally managed 2026.05.20. 09:50 Katalin Lévayné Deseő (MTMT Központi admin) </div> <pre class="comment" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0;"><u>Comments</u>: Funding Agency and Grant Number: Hungarian Academy of Sciences [LP2022-5/2022]; European Research Council [ERC-CoG 724994, ERC-StGs 802305]; Hungarian Brain Research Program [NAP2022-I-1/2022]; German Research Foundation under Germany's Excellence Strategy [EXC 2145, FOR 2879, 405358801, TRR 274, 408885537]; Hungarian National Research, Development and Innovation Fund [OTKA K131844, 147109]; Ja...</pre> </div></div>