The interpersonal distance (IPD) theory provides a novel approach to studying autism
spectrum disorder (ASD). In this article, we present recent findings on the neurobiological
underpinnings of IPD regulation that are distinct in individuals with ASD. We also
discuss the potential influence of environmental factors on IPD. We suggest that different
IPD regulation may have implications for cognitive performance in experimental and
diagnostic settings, may influence the effectiveness of training and therapy, and
may play a role in the typical forms of social communication and leisure activities
chosen by autistic individuals. We argue that reconsidering the results of ASD research
through the lens of IPD would lead to a different interpretation of previous findings.
Finally, we propose a methodological approach to study this phenomenon systematically.
