Sustainable synthesis of azobenzenes, quinolines and quinoxalines via oxidative dehydrogenative
couplings catalysed by reusable transition metal oxide–Bi( iii ) cooperative catalysts
Heterogeneous catalytic oxidative dehydrogenative processes for N-heterocycles are
presented, which enable waste-minimized (additive-, oxidant-, base-free), efficient
cyclisations/couplings via transition metal oxide–Bi( iii ) cooperative catalysis.
