β-arrestins, which have multiple cellular functions, were initially described as proteins
that desensitize rhodopsin and other G protein-coupled receptors. The cytoskeletal
system plays a role in various cellular processes, including intracellular transport,
cell division, organization of organelles, and cell cycle. The interactome of β-arrestins
includes the major proteins of the three main cytoskeletal systems: tubulins for microtubules,
actins for the actin filaments, and vimentin for intermediate filaments. β-arrestins
bind to microtubules and regulate their activity by recruiting signaling proteins
and interacting with assembly proteins that regulate the actin cytoskeleton and the
intermediate filaments. Altered regulation of the cytoskeletal system plays an essential
role in the development of Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and other neurodegenerative diseases.
Thus, β-arrestins, which interact with the cytoskeleton, were implicated in the pathogenesis
progression of these diseases and are potential targets for the treatment of neurodegenerative
disorders in the future.
