In modern implantology, the application of surgical navigation systems is becoming
increasingly important. In addition to static surgical navigation methods, a guide-independent
dynamic navigation implant placement procedure is becoming more widespread. The procedure
is based on computer-guided dental implant placement utilizing optical control. This
work aims to demonstrate the technical steps of a new dynamic computer-aided implant
surgery (DCAIS) system (design, calibration, surgery) and check the accuracy of the
results. Based on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans, the exact positions
of implants are determined with dedicated software. The first step of the operation
is the calibration of the navigation system, which can be performed in two ways: 1)
based on CBCT images taken with a marker or 2) based on CBCT images without markers.
Implants are inserted with the aid of real-time navigation according to the preoperative
plans. The accuracy of the interventions can be evaluated based on postoperative CBCT
images. The preoperative images containing the planned positions of the implants and
postoperative CBCT images were compared based on the angulation (degree), platform,
and apical deviation (mm) of the implants. To evaluate the data, we calculated the
standard deviation (SD), mean, and standard error of the mean (SEM) of deviations
within planned and performed implant positions. Differences between the two calibration
methods were compared based on this data. Based on the interventions performed so
far, the use of DCAIS allows for high-precision implant placement. A calibration system
that does not require labeled CBCT recording allows for surgical intervention with
similar accuracy as a system that uses labeling. The accuracy of the intervention
can be improved by training.
