This paper aims to investigate the origins of ancient coins of Japan (until the 10th
century CE), introduce the characteristics of their design and patterns, and examine
their role in early Japanese culture and public administration, while briefly introducing
the ancient Chinese coins that served as inspiration. Japan adopted numerous ancient
Chinese cultural practices during the Asuka and Nara periods (538–794 CE). Especially
from the second half of the 7th century to the 8th century CE, Japan introduced various
social systems from the Tang dynasty in order to build a centralised government. Japanese
nobles recognised the importance of metallic currency, leading to some silver and
bronze coin production at the second half of the 7th century CE, including that of
Mumon Ginsen and Fuhonsen coins. Scholars believe that they were modelled after ancient
Chinese coins. The mintage was regarded as an essential tool for the Japanese government
to display the independence and the authority of the nation, both inside and outside
the country. The system of the first official imperial currency (Kōchōsen) was introduced
to Japan in the early 8th century CE and inspired by the Kāiyuán Tōngbǎo cash coins
of the Tang dynasty. The oldest known official Japanese imperial coinage is the Wadō
Kaichin. In the second half of the 8th century CE, the national currency was reformed,
and silver and gold cash coins were introduced. However, by the end of the 10th century
CE, Japan subsequently suspended the mintage and circulation of coins.