Successful energy transitions, also referred to as leapfrog development, present enormous
prospects for EU nations to become carbon neutral by shifting from fossil fuels to
renewable energy sources. Along with climate change, EU countries must address energy
security and dependency issues, exacerbated by factors such as the COVID-19 pandemic,
rising energy costs, conflicts between Russia and Ukraine, and political instability.
Diversifying energy sources, generating renewable energy, increasing energy efficiency,
preventing energy waste, and educating the public about environmental issues are proposed
as several strategies. The study draws the conclusion that central European countries
may transition to a clean energy economy and become carbon neutral on economic and
strategic levels by locating alternative clean energy supply sources, reducing energy
use, and producing renewable energy. According to the study, the EU energy industry
can be decarbonised and attain energy security using three basic strategies, such
as supply diversification, energy savings, and quicker adoption of renewable energy
to replace fossil fuels. The energy transformation industry still needs to improve
energy efficiency, incorporate a circular and sustainable bioeconomy, and support
renewable energies, including solar, wind, hydropower, nuclear, and hydrogen.
