The aim of this study was to assess levels of adiponectin (ACRP-30) and leptin in
serum and synovial fluid (SF) of overweight females with primary gonarthrosis (GOA)
and to look for their correlations with clinical status and the level of biochemical
OA biomarkers: matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 1, MMP-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase
(TIMP-1). The studied group consisted of 39 overweight females undergoing primary
total knee arthroplasty as a result of GOA. The stage of GOA was evaluated according
to Knee Society Score (KSS), Ahlback and Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) scores. Peripheral
blood and SF were obtained. Levels of selected biomarkers were assessed using ELISA
kits. The mean level of ACRP-30 in serum valued were 8393.80 ng/mL and in SF, 774.33
ng/mL, the mean concentration of leptin in serum was 32,040.74 pg/mL and in SF, 27,332.12
pg/mL. Levels of leptin in serum and SF correlated with body mass index (BMI), (p
= 0.0005, and p = 0.0002, respectively). Levels of ACRP-30 in serum was correlated
with clinical scores (Ahlback: p = 0.0214; K-L: p = 0.0146). ACRP-30 in SF correlated
with ACRP-30 in serum (p = 0.0003), tended to negatively correlate with MMP-1 in serum
(p = 0.0598) and positively correlate with pro-MMP-1 in SF (p = 0.0600). To conclude,
this study confirms the correlations between concentrations of both, leptin and ACRP-30,
comparing serum and SF. In overweight females, leptin levels increase with BMI and
ACRP-30 serum level increase in more advanced GOA stages. Finally, leptin levels were
correlated with TIMP-1 serum concentration, one of the biochemical markers of GOA.
