Background: Various surface treatment options have been adopted with the aim to improve
osseointegration, reducing the overall treatment time. Implant stability of early
loaded implants with different modified surfaces was compared in the present study.
Methods: Patients were selected from the Department of Oro-Maxillofacial Surgery and
Stomatology at Semmelweis University. Patients randomly received SA (alumina sandblasted
and acid-etched), NH (bioabsorbable apatite nanocoating) or SLA (large-grit sandblasted
and acid-etched) surface implants. Outcome measures were: implant success, implant
stability, and periodontal parameters. The implant stability was measured at the time
of implant placement (primary stability) and six weeks after (prothesis delivery,
secondary stability). Osstell and Periotest were applied to take all the measurements.
The primary and secondary stability were compared in the three study groups Finally
the periimplant probing depth appearing after three months of loading was checked
on 6 points around to the implant-supported prostheses. Shapiro-Wilk and Mann-Whitney
tests were used for the comparison between the study groups.
Results: A total of 75 implants with different length and diameter were inserted into
various positions. One implant failed spontaneously at the fourth week after implant
placement. The survival rate was 98,7%. Comparing the primary and secondary stability
values, the data were significantly improved in every groups. The difference was the
highest in the NH group, however, this difference was not significant compared to
the two other groups. Good periodontal parameters were experienced in all the tested
implants, independently by the groups.
Conclusions: With the limitation of the present study, all the implants showed improved
stability six weeks after implant placement. A trend of higher result was found for
the NH group. Further studies with longer follow-up are needed to confirm this preliminary
results.
Trial registration: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN13181677; the date of registration:
04/03/2021. Retrospectively registered.
