Anyagcsere, az anyagcserebetegségek biológiai alapjai
Biokémia és molekuláris biológia
Kettes típusú diabetesz (diabétesz mellitusz)
Természettudományok
Inappropriate nutrition and a sedentary lifestyle can lead to obesity, one of the
most common risk factors for several chronic diseases. Although regular physical exercise
is an efficient approach to improve cardiometabolic health, the exact cellular processes
are still not fully understood. We aimed to analyze the morphological, gene expression,
and lipidomic patterns in the liver and adipose tissues in response to regular exercise.
Healthy (wild type on a normal diet) and hyperlipidemic, high-fat diet-fed (HFD-fed)
apolipoprotein B-100 (APOB-100)-overexpressing mice were trained by treadmill running
for 7 months. The serum concentrations of triglyceride and tumor necrosis factor alpha
(TNF alpha), as well as the level of lipid accumulation in the liver, were significantly
higher in HFD-fed APOB-100 males compared to females. However, regular exercise almost
completely abolished lipid accumulation in the liver of hyperlipidemic animals. The
expression level of the thermogenesis marker, uncoupling protein-1 (Ucp1), was significantly
higher in the subcutaneous white adipose tissue of healthy females, as well as in
the brown adipose tissue of HFD-fed APOB-100 females, compared to males. Lipidomic
analyses revealed that hyperlipidemia essentially remodeled the lipidome of brown
adipose tissue, affecting both the membrane and storage lipid fractions, which was
partially restored by exercise in both sexes. Our results revealed more severe metabolic
disturbances in HFD-fed APOB-100 males compared to females. However, exercise efficiently
reduced the body weight, serum triglyceride levels, expression of pro-inflammatory
factors, and hepatic lipid accumulation in our model.
