Background Improved understanding of the microanatomy of the paranasal sinuses, including
its individual variations, makes a substantial contribution to current progress in
endonasal endoscopic microsurgery. Microanatomy of the sinuses is an active field
of present scientific investitations. Materials and methods A comprehensive review
on microanatomy of the maxillary sinus is presented from the perspective of contemporary
endonasal endoscopic microsurgery. Results The range of variation of the individual
microanatomy of all sections of the maxillary sinus is presented, in particular to
minimize secondary sugical tissue trauma, to avoid complications (e.g. on orbital
tissues) and as a basis for the prelacrimal access to the maxillary sinus. Conclusion
Improved understanding of the range of microanatomical variations reduced the burden
on the patient while opimizing the effectiveness of the necessary surgical manipulations.
