Copper Immobilized on Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide Functionalized Nano-Magnetite as a Novel Recyclable Catalyst for Direct Synthesis of Phenols and Anilines

A new nano-catalyst which contains a core of magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) has been fabricated. It is covered via isonicotinic acid hydrazide and copper (Cu). In this sense, Isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH) is applied because of its ability as a bidendental ligand and pharmaceutical activity in order to be used for the complexion and connection of Cu on Fe3O4 surface for the synthesis of Fe3O4@INH@Cu (INH= Isonicotinic acid hydrazide). In this regard, Fe3O4@INH@Cu as a heterogeneous nanocatalyst for the cross-coupling of aryl halides with potassium hydroxide (KOH) as the hydroxide source and ammonium acetate (NH4OAc), as the amine source in the presence of cesium carbonate (Cs2CO3) in polyethylene glycol (PEG-400), has been applied. The catalyst is a new magnetically recyclable catalytic system with easy preparation and purification, high activity, eco-friendly and economic advantages.