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A new xinjiangchelyid turtle from the Middle Jurassic of Xinjiang, China and the evolution of the basipterygoid process in Mesozoic turtles
Rabi, M [Rabi, Márton (őslénytan), author] Department of Palaeontology (ELTE / ELU FoS); MTA-ELTE Lendület Dinosaur Research Group (ELTE / ELU FoS)
;
Zhou, C-F
;
Wings, O
;
Ge, S
;
Joyce, WG
English Article (Journal Article) Scientific
Published:
BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY 1471-2148
13
(1)
Paper: 203
, 29 p.
2013
SJR Scopus - Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics: D1
Identifiers
MTMT: 2465392
DOI:
10.1186/1471-2148-13-203
REAL:
29917
WoS:
000326606500001
EDIT:
91248
Scopus:
84884301154
PubMed:
24053145
Fundings:
DFG, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Subjects:
Biological sciences
Earth and related Environmental sciences
Background: Most turtles from the Middle and Late Jurassic of Asia are referred to the newly defined clade Xinjiangchelyidae, a group of mostly shell-based, generalized, small to mid-sized aquatic froms that are widely considered to represent the stem lineage of Cryptodira. Xinjiangchelyids provide us with great insights into the plesiomorphic anatomy of crown-cryptodires, the most diverse group of living turtles, and they are particularly relevant for understanding the origin and early divergence of the primary clades of extant turtles. Results: Exceptionally complete new xinjiangchelyid material from the ?Qigu Formation of the Turpan Basin (Xinjiang Autonomous Province, China) provides new insights into the anatomy of this group and is assigned to Xinjiangchelys wusu n. sp. A phylogenetic analysis places Xinjiangchelys wusu n. sp. in a monophyletic polytomy with other xinjiangchelyids, including Xinjiangchelys junggarensis, X. radiplicatoides, X. levensis and X. latiens. However, the analysis supports the unorthodox, though tentative placement of xinjiangchelyids and sinemydids outside of crown-group Testudines. A particularly interesting new observation is that the skull of this xinjiangchelyid retains such primitive features as a reduced interpterygoid vacuity and basipterygoid processes. Conclusions: The homology of basipterygoid processes is confidently demonstrated based on a comprehensive review of the basicranial anatomy of Mesozoic turtles and a new nomenclatural system is introduced for the carotid canal system of turtles. The loss of the basipterygoid process and the bony enclosure of the carotid circulation system occurred a number of times independently during turtle evolution suggesting that the reinforcement of the basicranial region was essential for developing a rigid skull, thus paralleling the evolution of other amniote groups with massive skulls. © 2013 Rabi et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
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2024-11-09 13:22
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